题目内容
10．It is very important for people to drink water in our everyday life．Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day，or about two liters．Why？Because that is what they have been told all their life．But a recent report offers some different advice．Experts say people should obey their bodies； they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking．The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide．The report is from the Institute of Medicine，part of the National Academies．The report contains some general suggestions．The experts say women should get about 2.7liters of water daily．Men should get about 3.7liters．But wait--in each case，that is more than eight glasses．There is one important difference．The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink．In fact，the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines．This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods．People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day．People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk．They drink coffee and tea．These all contain water．Yet some also contain caffeine．This causes the body to expel（排出）more water．But the writers of the report say this does not mean the body loses too much water．
As you might expect，the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active．The same is true of those who live in hot climates．Depending on heat and activity，people could need two times as much water as others do．All this，however，does not answer one question．No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily．
It may have started with a misunderstanding．In 1945，the National Academy of Sciences published some guidelines．Its Food and Nutrition Board（营养膳食） said a good amount of water for most adults was 2.5liters daily．This was based on an average of one milliliter（毫升）for each calorie of food eaten．But that was only part of what the board said．It also said that most of this amount is contained in prepared foods．
56．In experts'opinion，every day a person should drinkC．
A．as much water as he can
B．more than eight glasses of water
C．according to actual need for his body
D．when he comes in sight of water
57．What is mainly described in the second paragraph？C
A．People know about the daily water requirement．
B．People need water instead of all kinds of drink．
C．People get daily water not only from drinking．
D．People drink all kinds of drink every day．
58．Who might drink less water according to the third paragraph？A
59．The writer mentions the guidelines in 1945toD．
A．meet with good results
B．follow the advice
C．give up his idea
D．correct the conclusion
60．The main purpose of writing the texts is toB．
A．make a good suggestion of drinking daily
B．make clear the requirements to drink daily
C．tell the importance of drinking water daily
D．figure out a good amount of water daily．
分析 本文为健康类阅读，讨论了一个人们常见的问题--究竟应该怎样喝水，喝多少水？
解答 56---60 CCADB
56．答案C．细节理解题．根据第一段"Experts say people should obey their bodies； they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking"，及"The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide"可推断，专家认为，人们喝水应该由身体的具体需求决定．故选C．
57．答案C．主旨大意题．根据第二段"This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods．People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day．People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk．They drink coffee and tea．These all contain water．Yet some also contain caffeine"可知，这一段主要讲解人们身体获得水的主要途径．故选C．
58．答案A．细节理解题．根据第三段"people need to drink more water when they are physically active．The same is true of those who live in hot climates"可知，参加运动和高温天气里的人应该多喝水，故排除BCD，选A．
59．答案D．写作意图题．根据"It may have started with a misunderstanding"可知，作者提到1945年的指南是为了更正误区．故选D．
60．答案B．写作意图题．根据文章的主旨大意，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了告诉人们如何喝水--根据自身需求喝水．故选B．
点评 健康环保类文章可分为三部分：第一部分一般是文章的首段，主要用来提出文章的主题，即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题进行归纳总结．这类文章多用一般现在时，而且一般多使用客观性词语表述．有时为了强调客观性，也常使用被动语态．
从近几年的考试题来看，科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近．由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解．但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题．
练习册系列答案
中考解读考点精练系列答案
相关题目
18．
76．B
It's been said that"everybody lies sometimes．"And it's true．Everyone does lie from time to time．Men lie； women lie．Husbands lie，friends lie，wives lie，and believe it or not，your mother might lie．A recent study showed that 91% of all people lie on a regular basis，and people tell at least 13major lies a week．
77．A
The first thing one has to understand about lying is that there are at least five different types of liars：the model of absolute integrity，the real straight-shooter，the pragmatic fibber，a real Pinocchio and the compulsive liar，according to sociologist-anthropologist Dr．Gina Graham Scott．
78．E
Dr．Robert G．Newby，the professor of sociology at Central Michigan University，believes that men are more likely to tell lies than women．"Men are more concerned about how they present themselves in public，the impression they make on people and things like that，"he says．"Men are always trying to impress people in the work and want to make sure that their presentation of self is one that makes them look good．"Women，on the other hand，Dr．Newby believes，are more private people and their relationship tends to be more interpersonal，as opposed to having to put on a public face．Women are more vulnerable and they are not as likely to try to pull the wool over someone's eyes like men．
79．C
Dr Ronn Elmore，Los Angeles-based relationship counselor，does not believe that lying is based on gender．"But I believe when women lie it tends to be verbal，plain old-fashioned lies with words．But when men lie，it is often nonverbal，as in doing what he says he would not do or not doing what he promised he would do．Either way，it's a lie，male version or female version．It is the opposite of integrity．"
80．F
Vesta Callender，psychotherapist in New York City，also agrees that one's gender does not play a role in lying，but men and women do lie differently．"Women concern more while lying．They plan better，"Callender notes．"They create a history around the lie，and they try to project into the future what might happen if the lie is detected．With a woman，a lie has a beginning，a middle and an end．It's a real entanglement．"Callender believes that men"tend to lie for the moment or to get out of a situation．Men think less about how the lie can be detected．"
| A．Classifications of liars B．Everyone lies，more or less C．Gender impacts ways of lying D．Purposes of telling lies E．Reason why men lie more F．Women，more careful liars |
It's been said that"everybody lies sometimes．"And it's true．Everyone does lie from time to time．Men lie； women lie．Husbands lie，friends lie，wives lie，and believe it or not，your mother might lie．A recent study showed that 91% of all people lie on a regular basis，and people tell at least 13major lies a week．
77．A
The first thing one has to understand about lying is that there are at least five different types of liars：the model of absolute integrity，the real straight-shooter，the pragmatic fibber，a real Pinocchio and the compulsive liar，according to sociologist-anthropologist Dr．Gina Graham Scott．
78．E
Dr．Robert G．Newby，the professor of sociology at Central Michigan University，believes that men are more likely to tell lies than women．"Men are more concerned about how they present themselves in public，the impression they make on people and things like that，"he says．"Men are always trying to impress people in the work and want to make sure that their presentation of self is one that makes them look good．"Women，on the other hand，Dr．Newby believes，are more private people and their relationship tends to be more interpersonal，as opposed to having to put on a public face．Women are more vulnerable and they are not as likely to try to pull the wool over someone's eyes like men．
79．C
Dr Ronn Elmore，Los Angeles-based relationship counselor，does not believe that lying is based on gender．"But I believe when women lie it tends to be verbal，plain old-fashioned lies with words．But when men lie，it is often nonverbal，as in doing what he says he would not do or not doing what he promised he would do．Either way，it's a lie，male version or female version．It is the opposite of integrity．"
80．F
Vesta Callender，psychotherapist in New York City，also agrees that one's gender does not play a role in lying，but men and women do lie differently．"Women concern more while lying．They plan better，"Callender notes．"They create a history around the lie，and they try to project into the future what might happen if the lie is detected．With a woman，a lie has a beginning，a middle and an end．It's a real entanglement．"Callender believes that men"tend to lie for the moment or to get out of a situation．Men think less about how the lie can be detected．"