ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

1£®×î½üÊÀ½ç¸÷¹ú¶¼ÔÚÑо¿¡°1C»¯Ñ§¡±¡¢¡°2C»¯Ñ§¡±£¬ËüÃÇÊÇÒÔ1¸ö»ò2¸ö̼ԭ×Ó
µÄÎïÖÊΪÑо¿¶ÔÏó£¬ÔÚ»·¾³ÖÎÀíºÍÐÂÄÜÔ´¿ª·¢µÈ·½ÃæÓÐÍ»³ö¹±Ï×£®Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
I£®Æû³µÎ²ÆøÖк¬ÓÐCOºÍNO£¬Ä³Ñо¿Ð¡×éÀûÓ÷´Ó¦£º2CO+2NO?N2+2CO2ʵÏÖÆøÌåµÄÎÞº¦»¯ÅÅ·Å£®T1¡æÊ±£¬ÔÚºãÈݵÄÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖÐͨÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄCOºÍNO£¬ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐÐÉÏÊö·´Ó¦£¬²âµÃ²»Í¬Ê±¼äµÄNOºÍCOµÄŨ¶ÈÈç±í£º
ʱ¼ä¡¡£¨s£©012345
c£¨NO£©/10-3mol•L-110.04.502.501.501.001.00
c£¨CO£©/10-3mol•L-13.603.052.852.752.702.70
£¨1£©0¡«2sÄÚÓÃN2±íʾµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊΪ1.875¡Á10-4mol/£¨L•s£©£¬¸ÃζÈÏ£¬·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýK1=5000L/mol£®
£¨2£©Èô¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚ¾øÈȺãÈÝÌõ¼þϽøÐУ¬Ôò·´Ó¦´ïµ½Æ½ºâºóÌåϵµÄζÈΪT2¡æ£¬´ËʱµÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýΪK2£¬ÔòK1£¾K2£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©£®
¢ò£®ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏÂÒÔCOºÍH2ΪԭÁÏ¿ÉÒԺϳÉÖØÒªµÄ»¯¹¤Ô­ÁÏÒÒ¶þÈ©£¨OHC-CHO£©£®
£¨3£©COºÍH2ºÏ³ÉÒÒ¶þÈ©µÄ·´Ó¦Îª¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2CO+H2?OHC-CHO£®
£¨4£©ÒÒ¶þÈ©¾­´ß»¯Ñõ»¯ºó¿ÉµÃµ½ÒÒ¶þËᣨ H2C2O4£©£¬H2C2O4ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¶þÔªÈõËᣬ³£ÎÂÏÂÆäµçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýK1=5.4¡Á10-2£¬K2=5.4¡Á10-5ÔòNa HC2O4ÈÜÒºÏÔËáÐÔ£¨Ìî¡°ËáÐÔ¡±¡¢¡°ÖÐÐÔ¡±»ò¡°¼îÐÔ¡±£©£»
ÒÑÖª³£ÎÂÏÂNH3•H2OµÄµçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýK=1.8¡Á10-5£¬Ôò·´Ó¦£ºNH3•H2O+HC2O4-?NH4++C2O42-µÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ
³£ÊýK=9.72¡Á104£®
£¨5£©¹¤ÒµÉÏÓá°Ë«¼«ÊҳɶԵç½â·¨¡±Éú²úÒÒÈ©ËᣨHOOC-CHO£©£¬Ô­ÀíÈçͼËùʾ£®¸Ã×°ÖÃÖÐÒõ¡¢ÑôÁ½¼«¾ùΪ¶èÐԵ缫£¬Á½¼«ÊÒ¾ù¿É²úÉúÒÒÈ©ËᣬÆäÖÐÒÒ¶þÈ©ÓëMµç¼«µÄ²úÎï·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©Ëᣬ¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪCl2+OHC-CHO+H2O¨THOOC-CHO+2HCl£¬Nµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªHOOC-COOH+2e-+2H+¨THOOC-CHO+H2O£®

·ÖÎö I£®£¨1£©¸ù¾Ýͼ±í£¬0¡«2sÄÚ£¬NOµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯Îª¡÷c£¨NO£©=£¨1-0.25£©¡Á10-3=0.75¡Á10-3mol/L£¬·´Ó¦¾­ÀúµÄʱ¼äΪ¡÷t=2s£¬ÔòNOµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Æ½¾ùËÙÂÊΪ$\overline{r}£¨NO£©$=$\frac{¡÷c£¨NO£©}{¡÷t}$¼ÆË㣬¸ù¾ÝËÙÂÊÖ®±ÈµÈÓÚ»¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿ÊýÖ®±È¼ÆËãN2µÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Æ½¾ùËÙÂÊ£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýΪK=$\frac{{c}^{2}£¨C{O}_{2}£©c£¨{N}_{2}£©}{{c}^{2}£¨NO£©{c}^{2}£¨CO£©}$£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã¸÷×é·ÖµÄƽºâŨ¶È²¢´úÈ룻
£¨2£©·´Ó¦Îª2CO+2NO?N2+2CO2£¬ÎªÆøÌåÊý¼õÉٵķ´Ó¦£¬ìرä¡÷S£¼0£¬ÓÉÓÚ·´Ó¦ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐУ¬Ôòìʱä¡÷HÒ²Ó¦£¼0£¬·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Èô¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚ¾øÈȺãÈÝÌõ¼þϽøÐУ¬Ëæ×Å·´Ó¦µÄ½øÐУ¬ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚζÈÉý¸ß£¬ÉýÎÂʹ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒÆ¶¯£»
II£®£¨3£©COºÍH2ºÏ³ÉÒÒ¶þÈ©µÄ·´Ó¦Îª¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦£¬ÒÒ¶þȩΪOHC-CHO£¬¾Ý´Ëд³ö·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£»
£¨4£©NaHC2O4ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¼È´æÔÚµçÀëÆ½ºâ£¬Ò²´æÔÚË®½âƽºâ£¬½áºÏƽºâ³£Êý±È½ÏµçÀëºÍË®½âÇ÷ÊÆ£¬¾Ý´ËÅÐ¶ÏÆäË®ÈÜÒºµÄËá¼îÐÔ£¬¸ù¾Ý¶àÖØÆ½ºâ¹æÔòÍÆµ¼ËùÇó·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£Êý£»
£¨5£©ÒÒ¶þÈ©ÓëMµç¼«µÄ²úÎï·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©Ëᣬ¿ÉÖªÒÒ¶þÈ©ÔÚMµç¼«·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©Ëᣬµç¼«¸½½ü´æÔÚŨÑÎËáÍêÈ«µçÀë²úÉúH+£¬Mµç¼«ÎªÑô¼«£¬·¢ÉúµÄµç¼«·´Ó¦ÊÇCl-ʧȥµç×Ó±»Ñõ»¯³ÉCl2£¬½Ó×ÅCl2Ñõ»¯ÒÒ¶þÈ©Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©ËᣬNµç¼«ÎªÒõ¼«£¬H+ÏòÒõ¼«Òƶ¯£¬Òõ¼«·´Ó¦ÎªÎïÖʵõ½µç×Ó£¬·¢Éú»¹Ô­·´Ó¦£¬Ó¦ÎªÒÒ¶þËáµÃµ½µç×Ó£¬±»»¹Ô­ÎªÒÒÈ©Ëᣬ¾Ý´Ëд³ö×Ü·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽºÍNµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½£®

½â´ð ½â£ºI£®£¨1£©¸ù¾Ýͼ±í£¬0¡«2sÄÚ£¬NOµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯Îª¡÷c£¨NO£©=£¨1-0.25£©¡Á10-3=0.75¡Á10-3mol/L£¬·´Ó¦¾­ÀúµÄʱ¼äΪ¡÷t=2s£¬ÔòNOµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Æ½¾ùËÙÂÊΪ$\overline{r}£¨NO£©$=$\frac{¡÷c£¨NO£©}{¡÷t}$=$\frac{0.75¡Á1{0}^{-3}mol/L}{2s}$=3.75¡Á10-4mol/£¨L•s£©£¬¸ù¾ÝËÙÂÊÖ®±ÈµÈÓÚ»¯Ñ§¼ÆÁ¿ÊýÖ®±È£¬Ôò0¡«2sÄÚÓÃN2±íʾµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊΪ$\overline{r}£¨{N}_{2}£©$=$\frac{1}{2}\overline{r}£¨NO£©$=1.875¡Á10-4mol/£¨L•s£©£¬
¸ù¾Ý±íÖÐÊý¾Ý£¬Æ½ºâʱ£¬c£¨NO£©=0.1¡Á10-3mol/£¨L•s£©£¬c£¨CO£©=2.70¡Á10-3mol/£¨L•s£©£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£º2CO+2NO?N2+2CO2£¬Ôòƽºâʱ£¬c£¨N2£©=0.45¡Á10-3mol/L£¬c£¨CO2£©=0.9¡Á10-3mol/L£¬Ôòƽºâ³£ÊýΪK=$\frac{{c}^{2}£¨C{O}_{2}£©c£¨{N}_{2}£©}{{c}^{2}£¨NO£©{c}^{2}£¨CO£©}$=$\frac{£¨0.9¡Á1{0}^{-3}mol/L£©^{2}¡Á£¨0.45¡Á1{0}^{-3}mol/L£©}{£¨2.7¡Á1{0}^{-3}mol/L£©^{2}¡Á£¨0.1¡Á1{0}^{-3}mol/L£©^{2}}$=5000L/mol£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1.875¡Á10-4mol/£¨L•s£©£»5000L/mol£»
£¨2£©·´Ó¦Îª2CO+2NO?N2+2CO2£¬ÎªÆøÌåÊý¼õÉٵķ´Ó¦£¬ìرä¡÷S£¼0£¬ÓÉÓÚ·´Ó¦ÄÜ×Ô·¢½øÐУ¬Ôòìʱä¡÷HÒ²Ó¦£¼0£¬·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Èô¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚ¾øÈȺãÈÝÌõ¼þϽøÐУ¬Ëæ×Å·´Ó¦µÄ½øÐУ¬ÈÝÆ÷ÄÚζÈÉý¸ß£¬ÉýÎÂʹ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒÆ¶¯£¬ÔòÕýÏò½øÐеÄÇ÷ÊÆ²»¶Ï¼õС£¬Æ½ºâ³£Êý¼õС£¬Òò´ËK1£¾K2£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»
II£®£¨3£©COºÍH2ºÏ³ÉÒÒ¶þÈ©µÄ·´Ó¦Îª¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦£¬ÒÒ¶þȩΪOHC-CHO£¬Ôò·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£º2CO+H2?OHC-CHO£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2CO+H2?OHC-CHO£»
£¨4£©NaHC2O4ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¼È´æÔÚµçÀëÆ½ºâ£¬Ò²´æÔÚË®½âƽºâ£¬½áºÏƽºâ³£Êý±È½ÏµçÀëºÍË®½âÇ÷ÊÆ£¬HC2O4-µÄµçÀëÆ½ºâ³£ÊýΪK2=5.4¡Á10-5£¬Ë®½â·´Ó¦ÎªHC2O4-+H2O?H2C2O4+OH-£¬Ë®½â·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýΪKh=$\frac{c£¨{H}_{2}{C}_{2}{O}_{4}£©c£¨O{H}^{-}£©}{c£¨H{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{-}£©}$=$\frac{{K}_{w}}{{K}_{1}}$=1.85¡Á10-13£¬¿É¼ûµçÀëÇ÷ÊÆ´óÓÚË®½âÇ÷ÊÆ£¬Òò´ËNaHC2O4ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖÐÏÔËáÐÔ£¬
·´Ó¦NH3•H2O+HC2O4-?NH4++C2O42-µÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýK=$\frac{c£¨{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{2-}£©c£¨N{H}_{4}^{+}£©}{c£¨H{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{-}£©c£¨N{H}_{3}•{H}_{2}O£©}$£¬¸ù¾Ý¶àÖØÆ½ºâ¹æÔò£¬K=$\frac{c£¨{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{2-}£©c£¨N{H}_{4}^{+}£©}{c£¨H{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{-}£©c£¨N{H}_{3}•{H}_{2}O£©}$=$\frac{c£¨{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{2-}£©c£¨N{H}_{4}^{+}£©}{c£¨H{C}_{2}{O}_{4}^{-}£©c£¨N{H}_{3}•{H}_{2}O£©}$•$\frac{c£¨{H}^{+}£©}{c£¨{H}^{+}£©}$=$\frac{{K}_{2}}{{K}_{a}£¨N{H}_{4}^{+}£©}$=$\frac{{K}_{2}{K}_{b}£¨N{H}_{3}•{H}_{2}O£©}{{K}_{w}}$=$\frac{5.4¡Á1{0}^{-5}¡Á1.8¡Á1{0}^{-5}}{1{0}^{-14}}$=9.72¡Á104£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º9.72¡Á104£»
£¨5£©ÒÒ¶þÈ©ÓëMµç¼«µÄ²úÎï·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©Ëᣬ¿ÉÖªÒÒ¶þÈ©ÔÚMµç¼«·¢ÉúÑõ»¯·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©Ëᣬµç¼«¸½½ü´æÔÚŨÑÎËáÍêÈ«µçÀë²úÉúH+£¬Mµç¼«ÎªÑô¼«£¬·¢ÉúµÄµç¼«·´Ó¦ÊÇCl-ʧȥµç×Ó±»Ñõ»¯³ÉCl2£¬½Ó×ÅCl2Ñõ»¯ÒÒ¶þÈ©Éú³ÉÒÒÈ©ËᣬNµç¼«ÎªÒõ¼«£¬H+ÏòÒõ¼«Òƶ¯£¬Òõ¼«·´Ó¦ÎªÎïÖʵõ½µç×Ó£¬·¢Éú»¹Ô­·´Ó¦£¬Ó¦ÎªÒÒ¶þËáµÃµ½µç×Ó£¬±»»¹Ô­ÎªÒÒÈ©ËᣬNµç¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªHOOC-COOH+2e-+2H+¨THOOC-CHO+H2O£¬
Ôòµç¼«µÄ×Ü·´Ó¦Ê½Îª£ºCl2+OHC-CHO+H2O¨THOOC-CHO+2HCl£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCl2+OHC-CHO+H2O¨THOOC-CHO+2HCl£»HOOC-COOH+2e-+2H+¨THOOC-CHO+H2O£®

µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²é»¯Ñ§Ô­Àí²¿·Ö£¬°üº¬»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ËÙÂʵļÆË㣬»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýµÄ¼ÆË㣬»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâµÄÒÆ¶¯£¬ÑÎÀàË®½â£¬Èõµç½âÖʵĵçÀëÆ½ºâ£¬µç»¯Ñ§Ô­ÀíµÈ֪ʶ£®ÌâÄ¿Éæ¼°µÄ֪ʶµã½Ï¶à£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø