Question

9£®´×ËáÊÇÖØÒªµÄÒ»ÔªËᣬÔÚÓлúºÍÎÞ»ú·´Ó¦Öж¼ÓÐÓ¦Óã®
£¨1£©ÔÚõ¥»¯·´Ó¦µÄʵÑéÖУ¬ÒÒËá¡¢ÒÒ´¼µÄÓÃÁ¿ºÍƽºâʱÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄÉú³ÉÁ¿ÈçÏÂ±í£ºÓɱíÖÐÊý¾ÝÍƲ⣬ÊýÖµxµÄ·¶Î§ÊÇ1.57£¼x£¼1.76£®

·´Ó¦	ÒÒ´¼£¨mol£©	ÒÒËᣨmol£©	ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥£¨mol£©
1	2	2	1.33
2	3	2	1.57
3	4	2	x
4	5	2	1.76

£¨2£©ÏÖÓÐ25¡æʱ£¬pH=3µÄ´×ËᣮÇë»Ø´ðÒÔÏÂÎÊÌ⣺
¢ÙÈôÏò´×ËáÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿´×ËáÄƹÌÌ壬´ËʱÈÜÒºÖÐ$\frac{c£¨{H}^{+}£©}{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}$½«¼õС£¨Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©£»
¢ÚÈôÏò´×ËáÖмÓÈëÏ¡NaOHÈÜÒº£¬Ê¹ÆäÇ¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄpH£¾7£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©£¬ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ½âÊÍÆäÔ­ÒòCH₃COO^-+H₂O?CH₃COOH+OH^-£®
¢ÛÈôÏò´×ËáÖмÓÈëpH=11µÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÇÒ¶þÕßµÄÌå»ý±ÈΪ1£º1£¬ÔòËùµÃÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£®
¢Üµ±´×ËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/Lʱ£¬´Ëʱ´×ËáµÄµçÀë³£ÊýԼΪ1¡Á10^-5£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦ÎïŨ¶È¶Ô»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâµÄÓ°Ï죻
£¨2£©¢Ù¸ù¾Ý´×ËáÄƹÌÌå¶ÔƽºâCH₃COOH?CH₃COO^-+H⁺µÄÓ°Ï죻
¢Ú¸ù¾ÝÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑÎÒª·¢ÉúË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£»
¢Û¸ù¾Ý´×Ëá¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÒºÖеijɷÖΪ´×ËáºÍ´×ËáÄÆ£¬¸ù¾Ý´×ËáµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚ´×ËáÄƵÄË®½â³Ì¶ÈÀ´½â´ð£»
¢Ü´×ËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/Lʱ£¬pH=3£¬¾Ý´Ë·ÖÎö£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÒòÔÚÒÒËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÏàͬÌõ¼þÏ£¬Ôö¼ÓÒÒ´¼µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Æ½ºâÏòÓÒÒƶ¯£¬ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ôö¼Ó£¬¼õÉÙÒÒ´¼µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Æ½ºâÏò×óÒƶ¯£¬ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¼õÉÙ£¬ËùÒÔ1.57£¼X£¼1.76£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1.57£¼X£¼1.76£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÒò´×ËáÄƹÌÌåµçÀë²úÉúCH₃COO^-£¬c£¨CH₃COO^-£©Ôö´ó£¬Ê¹µÄƽºâCH₃COOH?CH₃COO^-+H⁺ÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬c£¨H⁺£©¼õС£¬c£¨CH₃COOH£©Ôö´ó£¬ËùÒÔ$\frac{c£¨{H}^{+}£©}{c£¨C{H}_{3}COOH£©}$¼õС£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º¼õС£»
¢ÚÏò´×ËáÖмÓÈëÏ¡NaOHÈÜÒº£¬Ê¹ÆäÇ¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉÁË´×ËáÄÆ£¬´×ËáÄÆË®½â³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪCH₃COO^-+H₂O?CH₃COOH+OH^-£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¾£»CH₃COO^-+H₂O?CH₃COOH+OH^-£»
¢ÛpH=3µÄ´×ËáºÍpH=11µÄNaOHÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ÈΪ1£º1·´Ó¦Ê±´×Ëá¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÒºÖеijɷÖΪ´×ËáºÍ´×ËáÄÆ£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬Òò´×ËáµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚ´×ËáÄƵÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬ËùÒÔc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£»
¢Ü´×ËáµÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.1mol/Lʱ£¬pH=3£¬K=$\frac{[{H}^{+}]•[C{H}_{3}CO{O}^{-}]}{[C{H}_{3}COOH]}$=$\frac{0.001¡Á0.001}{0.1-0.001}$=1¡Á10^-5£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1¡Á10^-5£®

µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éÁ˵çÀëƽºâ¡¢Ë®½âƽºâºÍµçÀëƽºâ³£ÊýµÄÇóË㣬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬¸ù¾Ý»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ֪ʶÀ´½â´ð£®