Question

10£®³£ÎÂÏ£¬Ïò20.00mL 0.100 0mol•L^-1 µÄCH₃COONaÈÜÒºÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈë0.100 0mol•L^-1ÑÎËᣬÈÜÒºµÄpHÓëËù¼ÓÑÎËáÌå»ýµÄ¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ£¨²»¿¼Âǻӷ¢£©£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

• A£® µã¢ÙËùʾÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÈÜÖÊΪδ·´Ó¦ÍêµÄCH₃COONa¡¢Éú³ÉµÄCH₃COOHºÍNaCl£¬Î¢Á£Ö®¼äµÄ¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨CH₃COOH£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©
• B£® µã¢ÚËùʾÈÜÒºÖУ¬´×ËáÄÆÓÐÒ»°ëÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬Î¢Á£Ö®¼äµÄ¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨CH₃COOH£©
• C£® µã¢ÛËùʾÈÜÒºÖУ¬´×ËáÄÆÓëÑÎËáÇ¡ºÃÍêÈ«·´Ó¦£¬Î¢Á£Ö®¼äµÄ¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COOH£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©
• D£® Õû¸ö¹ý³ÌÖÐÓпÉÄܳöÏÖ£ºc£¨H⁺£©+c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COOH£©+c£¨CH₃COO^-£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö A£®CH₃COONaÓëHClÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦ÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÒÑÖªÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷CH₃COONa¹ýÁ¿£¬½áºÏÈÜÒºµÄµçºÉÊغ㡢ÎïÁÏÊغã½øÐÐÅжϸ÷Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£»
B£®µã¢Úʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚCH₃COONaºÍCH₃COOH£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬Ó¦ÓÐc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£»
C£®µã¢Ûʱ£¬Ç¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉCH₃COOH£¬CH₃COOHΪÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬²»ÍêÈ«µçÀ룬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£»
D£®¸ù¾ÝÕû¸ö¹ý³ÌÖÐÈÜÒº×ñÑ­ÎïÁÏÊغã½øÐÐÅжϣ®

½â´ð ½â£ºA£®CH₃COONaÓëHClÇ¡ºÃ·´Ó¦ÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÒÑÖªÏÔÖÐÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷CH₃COONa¹ýÁ¿£¬ÈÜÖÊΪδ·´Ó¦ÍêµÄCH₃COONa¡¢Éú³ÉµÄCH₃COOHºÍNaCl£¬ÈÜÒº´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨OH^-£©+c£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨Cl^-£©ºÍÎïÁÏÊغ㣺c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COOH£©+c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¬µã¢ÙÈÜÒºpH=7£¬c£¨H⁺£©=c£¨OH^-£©£¬c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨Cl^-£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉϹØϵ¿ÉµÃc£¨CH₃COOH£©=c£¨Cl^-£©£¬¸ÃÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨CH₃COOH£©=c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®µã¢Úʱ£¬¼ÓÈëÑÎËá10mL£¬ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚCH₃COONaºÍCH₃COOH£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷CH₃COOHµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚCH₃COO^-Ë®½â³Ì¶È£¬Ó¦ÓÐc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغ㣺c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COOH£©+c£¨CH₃COO^-£©¿ÉµÃc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹ØϵΪ£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨CH₃COOH£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®µã¢Ûʱ£¬Ç¡ºÃ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉCH₃COOH£¬CH₃COOHΪÈõµç½âÖÊ£¬´×ËᲿ·ÖµçÀ룬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬Ôòc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COOH£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®Õû¸ö¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÈÜÒº´æÔÚÎïÁÏÊغ㣺c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨CH₃COOH£©+c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹ÊÑ¡C£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËËá¼î»ìºÏµÄ¶¨ÐÔÅжϼ°ÈÜÒºpHµÄ¼ÆËã¡¢ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬×¢ÒâÕÆÎÕÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔÓëÈÜÒºpHµÄ¹Øϵ£¬ÒªÇóѧÉúÄܹ»¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㡢ÎïÁÏÊغ㡢ÑεÄË®½âÔ­ÀíÅжÏÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£®