题目内容

【题目】 阅读下列材料,回答问题。(11分)

材料一 河南许昌拥有大大小小近百家发制品企业,是世界上最大发制品生产基地,一直占据着美国发制品市场份额的65%以上。许昌发制品的加工生产由家庭作坊走入了现代化的工厂,产品也由原料型的档发,发展到人发和化纤发两大系列,包括了假发、曲发、发帘、发条、发块、色发等6大类500多个品种。通过2000多个收购和销售网点,印度、俄罗斯、越南等地以及中国各地的人发被源源不断地运到许昌,经过许昌姑娘的精心梳理,变成了各种漂亮的发制品,又运往美国、西欧、韩国、日本、俄罗斯、非洲等几十个国家和地区。

材料二 假发生产大约需要整毛、分量、双针机制、机卷造型、蒸汽定型、造型处理、烘干、帽网制作、头皮仿制、手工织发、修补、发型修剪、产品包装等20多道生产工序。

1)假发生产属于______________导向型工业,许昌大力发展假发生产的最大优势是_________________。(2分)

2)根据材料一,简要说出影响假发生产的因素主要有哪些?结合材料分析以上因素对工业生产的影响是如何变化的?(5分)

3)许昌发制品生产基地拥有大大小小近百家发制品企业,假发生产企业之间具有_____________上的工业联系,这些企业大量集聚的优点有哪些?(4分)

【答案】

1)劳动力 成本 2分)

2)劳动力、原料、交通、信息、科技、市场等(2分)(至少写4个)

假发原料的多样化,表明原料对假发生产的影响越来越小;(1分)

假发原料来源于世界各地,市场面向不同国家,表明交通、科技、市场和信息对假发生产的影响越来越重要;(1分)

假发生产方式的变化和产品的多样化,假发生产对劳动力的数量需求将会减少,对劳动力素质的要求会增强。(1分)

3)生产工序(1分)

加强企业间的信息交流和技术协作,降低中间产品的运输费用和能源消耗,进而降低生产成本,获得规模效益;共同利用基础设施,获取规模效益。(答三点)(3)

【解析】

试题分析:1)假发生产需要大量的劳动力,属于劳动力导向型工业,许昌大力发展假发生产的最大优势是有大量的廉价的劳动力,可以降低生产成本。

2)根据材料一可以看出影响假发生产的因素主要有劳动力、原料、交通、信息、科技、市场等。

假发原料的多样化,表明原料对假发生产的影响越来越小;假发原料来源于世界各地,市场面向不同国家,表明交通、科技、市场和信息对假发生产的影响越来越重要。假发生产方式的变化和产品的多样化,假发生产对劳动力的数量需求将会减少,对劳动力素质的要求会增强。

3)假发生产需要多道生产工序,它们之间的联系主要是生产上的联系。这些企业聚集在一起有利于加强企业间的信息交流和技术协作,降低中间产品的运输费用和能源消耗,进而降低生产成本,获得规模效益;共同利用基础设施,获取规模效益。

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【题目】完形填空

阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Annual celebrations involve giving red packets of money to friends and family. But dont these faux pas(失礼) when you do.

Every year, hundreds of millions of people around the world Lunar New Year, sometimes travelling thousands of miles to spend time with their and friends. In China, this mass can cause huge problems almost 100 000 people were stranded at a railway station this year by heavy snow, for instance.

But Lunar New Year could pose a different kind of issue for employers wishing to partake in the celebrations. Its customary to give "hongbao" red packets filled with to family, friends, business partners and employees at this time of a year, first you need to know the rules.

Its to give money in odd-number amounts, for starters. Thats only done at and considered unlucky for a time of celebration. So stick with even numbers, which are to offer extra auspicious(吉利的) blessings. Just avoid the number four the Mandarin word for four (si) sounds a lot like the word for death and is also unlucky.

"Hongbao" literally translates "red packet". The colour red is considered in Chinese culture. In recent times, other colours such as pink and magenta(洋红色) have become popular, , its not a hard-and-fast rule just be sure to avoid white or black, as they are associated with death and .

Take note: its considered rude and to give old notes. The best is to get brand-new ones from the bank. New notes are popular that it can be hard for banks to for example, the Monetary Authority of Singapore prints 100 million extra $2 notes every holiday season to demand, and the authority has been running a "good as new" campaign since 2013 to take the pressure .

1】 A.commit B.behave C.persuade D.remember

2】 A.congratulate B.make C.celebrate D.keep

3】A.colleague B.partner C.employee D.family

4】A.immigration B.migration C.emigration D.emigrant

5】A.possibly B.probably C.likely D.potentially

6】A.gifts B.food C.cash D.cards

7】 A.however B.but C.so D.since

8】 A.stupid B.silly C.unwise D.foolish

9】 A.funerals B.weddings C.parties D.meetings

【10】 A.spoken B.said C.talked D.mentioned

【11】 A.into B.to C.by D.as

【12】 A.lucky B.unfortunate C.unlucky D.comfortable

【13】 A.therefore B.so C.as a result of D.and

【14】 A.weep B.cry C.mourning D.sorrow

【15】 A.disrespectful B.irrespective C.respectful D.respectable

【16】 A.custom B.habit C.behaviour D.practice

【17】 A.such B.very C.so D.too

【18】 A.follow B.last C.keep up D.conserve

【19】 A.satisfy B.reduce C.increase D.change

【20】 A.back B.apart C.down D.off

【题目】Clones in Fiction

Stories featuring clones always draw me in. I've read enough fiction books about clones over the years. _【1】

The Lost Girl by Sangu Mandanna

2 Eva is Amarra's clone. She learns what Amarra learns in school, eats what she eats, and studies every last detail of her life. The trouble is, no matter how hard she studies, outside of their appearances Eva and Amarra aren't that much alike. To make matters more complex, she learns Amarra has a boyfriend she must learn to love as much as she does when her own heart secretly belongs to someone else.

When Amarra is killed in a car crash just after their 16th birthday, Eva has to pick up her life where she left it off. Her life depends on convincing Amarra's loved ones that she is Amarra. _3

The House of Scorpion, by Nancy Farmer

This is not just one of my favorite books about clones, but one of my favorite books. Between the border of the United States and Aztlan, which was once Mexico, lies Opium, a land ruled by drug lords(毒枭). El Patron is the most powerful drug lord in Opium, a man almost 20 years old. 4

Matt is El Patron's clone. El Patron has been using clones like Matt to keep himself alive. But before he is needed, the drug lord treats him like a prized pet. El Patron's family dislikes him, thinking him inhuman and a possible threat((威胁) to their inheritance(遗产). The older he gets, the more Matt feels trapped at every turn. 5

A. Can they accept that?

B. They are very fearful and tiresome.

C. Cloning is considered to be criminal.

D. Is there any way he can be free to make his own life?

E. Can you be attracted by the rich imagination of the stories?

F. Everyone is struck with fear in the heart when hearing the name.

G. It's unbelievable that a person has to spend the whole life learning to be someone else.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述作者阅读过的两本科幻小说中的克隆。

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