【题目】Hey girls, if the boys in your class are acting silly, you might as well leave them alone. You are far more sensible than them, aren’t you?

There is science to back up this theory. Scientists from Newcastle University, UK, and Seoul University, South Korea, found that the brain matures (成熟) earlier in girls than in boys. This is partly because of the way children’s brains are “pruned.”

As the brain matures, it begins to cut out unimportant information and focus on important information. This process is called “pruning.”

In order to learn more about this process, scientists scanned the brains of 121 people aged between 4 and 40. They found that pruning began much earlier in girls. Between the ages of 10 and 12, a girl’s brain will start to see a lot of activities as the pruning process starts. But for boys, this doesn’t start until the age of 15 to 20.

During this process, the brain will turn off memories, sounds or sights that appear several times. But important connections, like linking the sound of a familiar person’s voice to their face, are kept.

“The loss of connectivity during brain development can help to improve brain function,” scientist Sol Lim told the Daily Telegraph.

To understand this more easily, imagine you are at a party and everyone is talking. You can’t concentrate. But if you “turn off” some of the voices, it is easier to hear the others. The brain works in a similar way.

1What did the scientists find?

A. Boys usually focus on unimportant information.

B. Girls never focus on unimportant information.

C. Girls mature earlier than boys.

D. Connectivity helps improve brain function.

2What does the underlined word “pruned”probably mean?

A. 删减B. 成长C. 改变D. 损失

3What happens during the process “pruning”?

A. The brain doesn’t work for a moment.

B. You can’t remember, hear or see.

C. The connections between things disappear.

D. Brains develop to focus on important information.

4What can we know from the passage?

A. Boys are more silly than girls.

B. Boys are less sensible than girls.

C. You can never concentrate at the parties.

D. Brains function better after losing some connections.

【题目】Taking away a city's rubbish is a big job. Every day trucks come into a city to collect them. Most rubbish is made up of things we can't eat or use. If we keep these things, we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.

In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside the city to a dump (垃圾场). Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or where there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.

To keep mice and flies (苍蝇) away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbish -filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you'd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.

In other cities rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire bums everything but the metal. Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles () where they slowly change into something called humus (腐蚀质), which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.

根据材料内容,选择最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内。

1You can most probably read the passage in ________.

A. a science book B. a TV guide

C. a history book D. a telephone book

2The main idea of the passage is ________.

A. to let us know taking away rubbish is a big job

B. to explain the need for rubbish collection

C. to introduce different ways to treat rubbish

D. to tell people to take useful things out of rubbish

3The underlined word "sewage" in the passage means ________.

A. 排污 B. 染色 C. 洗涤 D. 吸尘

4According to the passage, the food parts of rubbish can be used again ________.

A. to feed animals

B. to feed plants

C. to build a house

D. to make machines

5How should we deal with a used metal box according to the passage?

A. To burn it off. B. To put it in water.

C. To throw it away. D. To reuse and recycle it.

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