【题目】“Earworms”, some people call them. Songs that get stuck in your head go round and round, sometimes for days, sometimes for months. For no clear reason you cannot help yourself from humming or singing a tune by Lady Gaga.

To a psychologist, the most interesting thing about earworms is that they show a part of our mind that is clearly outside of our control. Earworms arrive without permission and refuse to leave when we tell them to. They are parasites(寄生虫), living in a part of our minds.

If you have got a earworm you can suffer an attack of it simply by someone mentioning the tune, without having to hear it. This proves that earworms are a part of long-term memory.

Human have an “inner ear”, for remembering phone numbers, for instance.

When it gets infected with earworms, rather than review our plans for the day, or lists of things to remember, the inner ear gets stuck on a few short bars of music or a couple of phrases from a song. A part of us that we normally do not have to think about, that should just do what we ask, has been turned against us, upsetting us with a request that we never asked for. The mind is an inner world which we do not have complete knowledge of, or have control over.

Fortunately psychology can provide some advice on how to deal with an uncontrollable mind. Consider the famous “don’t think of a white bear” problem, which tell you to try not to think about white bears or to do something else, to avoid both thinking of the white bear and not thinking of the white bear. For earworms, the solution may be the same. Our inner ear has become infected with an earworm. This is a part not under our control, so just sending in instructions to “shut up” is unlikely to be of much help (and has been shown to make it worse). Much better is to employ the inner ear in another task. If your mind is poisoned by Brittany Spears’ Toxic, for instance, then try singing Kylie Minogue’s Can’t Get You Out Of My Head. Let me know if it works!

1According to the passage, earworms are ______.

A. songs that keep going round in our mind

B. tunes by pop singers like Lady Gaga

C. parasites clearly under our control

D. worms that live in a part of our brain

2Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. Singing songs may get earworms out of your head.

B. Earworms are used for keeping long-term memory.

C. Humans do not have complete control over their mind.

D. You won’t suffer from earworms unless you hear the song.

3What does “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. The instruction to shut up your mind.

B. “Don’t think of the white bear” problem.

C. Kylie Minogue’s Can’t Get You out Of My head.

D. The relation between earworms and popular songs.

4What is the passage mainly about?

A. The causes and influences of earworms.

B. What earworms are and how to deal with them.

C. How to clear earworms from your head.

D. The relation between earworms and popular songs.

【题目】 How do you spend your spare time? There will be different answers to it. Most people in Poland have their own ways of spending free time. Sometimes they just want to have a rest, but they try to do something more pleasant most of the time. They have many different hobbies, which help them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily.

Many Polish people like traveling. They look for new places that they have never been to and add new and exciting experiences to their journey. Some of them like to climb mountains, others like to go to the sea or a lake to swim, because these can make them get exercise and are good for their health.

Many Polish people also like to do sports in their free time. They are usually crazy about football, and football is regarded as the Polish national sport. Many football fans may support a certain team, so they go to watch every match of the team they support, and they buy many things that have any relation with the team. Watching sport and doing it are both good ways to relax themselves.

In addition, doctors say that doing sports is very good for the health. Many people in town, especially young men, often go to the gym to attend the exercise classes to keep fit.

Besides these ways, Polish people have many other ways to spend their free time. And they really enjoy their free time.

1Polish people have many different hobbies in order to .

A. solve their daily problemsB. finish all their work

C. make some friendsD. relax themselves in their spare time

2Why do some Polish people like climbing mountains?

A. Because they hate traveling.B. Because they can get exercise from it.

C. Because they can find a new place.D. Because it is comfortable and funny.

3Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Playing sports.B. Climbing mountains.

C. Skating.D. Swimming.

4What can we learn from the passage?

A. Polish culture is colorful.B. We can have many ways of spending our free time.

C. A doctor can give you good advice.D. It is no use doing sport activities.

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