I travel a lot, and I find out different “style” of directions every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?”

Foreign tourists are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don’t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks (地标) in their directions instead of street names. For examples, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”

In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”

People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure (估量) distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know.

It’s true that a person doesn’t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” but in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don’t know.” people in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!

1.When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a place, they usually _________.

A. tell him the names of the streets

B. show him a map of the place

C. describe the place carefully

D. refer to (意指)clear buildings and places

2.What is the place where people show distance in time?

A. New York. B. Los Angeles. C. Kansas. D. Iowa.

3.Usually, People in Yucatan give a tourist a wrong answer _________ instead of saying “I don’t know”.

A. to save time B. as a test

C. to be polite D. for fun

4.What can we learn from the text?

A. It’s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.

B. It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.

C. People have similar understandings of politeness.

D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.

“He could have lived on his good looks, but instead he chose to live on talent and hard work.” This is how Internet users praised Chinese swimmer Ning Zetao.

On Aug 6, the 22-year-old won the 100-meter freestyle at the 2015 FINA Swimming World Championships in Russia. He was the first Asian to ever achieve this. Overnight the 191-cm-tall, handsome young man became the nation’s hero. Ning didn’t let the sudden fame(名声) get to his head. He said he only saw “a slight change” in his life after winning.

“My life is full of changes and challenges,” he said . “I welcome them and am never afraid of them.” The first big change in Ning’s life came at 2009.At the time, he specialized(专攻) in breaststroke(蛙泳) and was successful. But he felt a sharp pain in his knee. He suffered(遭受痛苦) every time he practiced his kicks. When he was 16,the knee pain got worse, and he had to stop swimming the breaststroke. Then he switched(转换)to sprint freestyle swimming. Ning didn’t let the change bring him down. Instead, he took advantage of it and became one of the best freestyle swimmers. Last year, he won four gold medals in freestyle races at the Incheon Asian Games in South Korea.

What is the next change Ning would like to see in his life? He said he wants to improve on his English. “English will help me communicate with foreign coaches and compete in the world games in the future.” Obviously Ning has high expectations for himself at the Rio Olympics next year. We wish him good luck.

1.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 means_________.

A. changes and challenges B. Ning’s fans

C. Internet users D. other swimmers

2.What is Ning’s first big change in his life?

A. Ning won the 100-meter freestyle at the 2015 FINA Swimming World Championships in Russia.

B. Ning switched to sprint freestyle swimming because the knee pain got worse.

C. Ning improved his English to communicate with foreign coaches

D. Ning specialized in breaststroke and was successful.

3.The best title of the article is ______________.

A. The freestyle swimming B. Change for the best

C. Ning’s life D. The first Asian swimmer

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