题目内容

【题目】 A recent study found people’s lives are made _______in North China. It showed life expectancy(平均寿命) had been cut down by 5.5 years there. Researchers think _______the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame(承担责任). It’s really_______. Our government has already done something. _______, it doesn’t seem to work so well.

“Air pollution in China is doing harm _______people’s health. The harm is much_______than we can imagine, ” said Chen Yuyu of Beijing University, one of the researchers of this study.

Dirty air brings serious problems _______North China. In January this year, the air pollution was worse than_______ in other places. That was caused by_______ temperature and waste gas(废气) from coal heating.

Chinese government should strongly fight against air pollution. They should________more proper ways to deal with the problem. People should be encouraged to take buses, ride bicycles or walk, instead of ________cars. The factories that pollute ________should be closed.

“We need________our environment, although it might be expensive. Protecting our environment means protecting ________” Li Hongbin , ________researcher of the study said.

1A.longerB.shorterC.longD.short

2A.whereB.ifC.thatD.when

3A.trulyB.factC.truthD.the truth

4A.ThoughB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Unless

5A.toB.forC.atD.in

6A.seriousB.more seriousC.most seriousD.the most serious

7A.onB.withC.inD.between

8A.thatB.thisC.itD.those

9A.riseB.risingC.to riseD.raise

10A.come upB.take upC.put downD.think of

11A.drivingB.to driveC.droveD.drive

12A.bigB.seriousC.strongD.heavily

13A.improvesB.improvingC.to improveD.improve

14A.usB.ourC.ourselvesD.ours

15A.anotherB.otherC.the otherD.others

【答案】

1B

2C

3D

4B

5A

6B

7C

8A

9B

10D

11A

12D

13C

14C

15A

【解析】

这是一篇健康环保类阅读,主要介绍最近一项研究发现,华北地区人们的寿命缩短了,平均寿命缩短了5.5年,主要是因为中国严重的空气污染。虽然中国政府已经做了一些事情,但似乎效果并不好,我们需要改善环境。保护环境意味着拯救我们自己。

1句意:最近的一项研究发现,在华北,人们的寿命变得更短了。

longer更长的,比较级;shorter更短的,比较级;long长的;short短的。根据后文“It showed life expectancy(平均寿命) had been cut down by 5.5 years there.”可知,人的平均寿命减少了5.5岁,所以空处应该是说较之以前的寿命更短了,通过句意可知是隐性比较级,所以用比较级shorter。故选B

2句意:研究人员认为,中国严重的空气污染应承担责任。

where哪儿,宾语从句中用来引导以where开头的特殊疑问句;if是否,宾语从句中用来引导一般疑问句;that宾语从句中用来引导陈述句,在从句中无意义也不作成份;when用来引导以when开头的特殊疑问句。根据空前的think可知,后面做动词think的宾语从句;根据空后的“the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame”可知,本句是陈述句,所以应该用that做宾语从句的引导词。故选C

3句意:这真的是实情。

truly真的,真诚地,副词;fact现实,事实;truth真相,实情;the truth真相,实情,truth 前加 the 的习惯用语。根据空前“the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame”可知,中国严重的空气污染应承担责任,也就是说研究人员发现了实情,应该用truthtruth 前习惯加 the,表示特指,the truth实情,真相。故选D

4句意:然而,效果似乎并不太好。

Though虽然,尽管;However然而;Instead反而;Unless除非,如果不。根据空前“Our government has already done something.中国政府已经做了一些事情及空后句“it doesn’t seem to work so well效果似乎并不太好可知,前后存在转折关系;however位于句首时,要用逗号与句子其它部分隔开,though放句首时,后面一般直接加句子;根据空后的逗号及句意可知,空处应该用however。故选B

5句意:中国的空气污染正在损害人们的健康。危害比我们想象的要严重得多。

to到,及;for给,由于;at在(某处,某时);in……里。根据空前的“China is doing harm”及空后的“people’s health”可知,此处是短语do harm to sb/sth伤害某人/某事,是固定搭配。故选A

6句意:中国的空气污染正在损害人们的健康。危害比我们想象的要严重得多。

serious严重的;more serious更严重的,比较级;most serious最严重的;the most serious最严重的;根据空前的much及空后的than可知空处应该用比较级,结合选项可知,空处应该是更严重的more serious。故选B

7句意:脏空气给华北地区带来严重问题。

on……上;with和;in……里;between……之间。根据空后的North China及句意可知,空处是表达在华北地区in North China,是固定搭配。故选C

8句意:今年1月,这里的空气污染比其它地方更严重。

that那,用于比较句型中,可用来代替“the+不可数名词this这个;it它;those那些。根据句意及空前的“was worse than”可知,本句是比较句型;在比较结构中,前面出现的名词如果后面同样出现,可以用that(代替前面的“the+不可数名词);those(代替前面的复数名词),根据句首的the air pollution是不可数名词,可知后面用that替代,that in other places在这儿意为其它地方的污染。故选A

9句意:这是由煤加热引起的温度升高和废气引起的。

rise上升,动词原形;rising动名词形式;to rise动词不定式形式;raise增加,提高。根据空前的by,可知介词by后要用动名词形式,结合选项可知空处用rising。故选B

10句意:他们应该想出更合适的方法来处理这个问题。

come up走近;take up开始从事;put down放下;think of 想出,想起。根据空后的“more proper ways to deal with the problem”结合句意可知,空处是表达想出更合适的方法,think of more proper ways想出更合适的方法。故选D

11句意:应该鼓励人们乘公共汽车,骑自行车或步行,而不是开车。

driving开车,动名词形式;to drive开车,动词不定式形式;drove动词过去式形式;drive动词原形。根据空前的instead of,其用法是instead of sth/doing sth,结合选项可知,空处应该用动名词形式driving。故选A

12句意:污染严重的工厂应该关闭。

big大的,形容词;serious严重的,形容词;strong强壮的,形容词;heavily严重的,副词形式。根据句意可知,本句是含有定语从句的复合句;根据“that pollute ___12___should be closed”可知,pollute是定语从句的谓语动词,副词修饰动词,所以空处应该用副词形式heavily。故选D

13句意:我们需要改善我们的环境,尽管它可能很贵。

improves提高,改善,动词三单形式;improving动名词形式以及现在分词形式;to improve动词不定式形式;improve动词原形。根据句意可知,need是句子的谓语动词,根据其用法need to do sth需要做某事可知,空处填动词不定式形式to improve。故选C

14句意:保护我们的环境意味着保护我们自己。

us我们,人称代词宾格形式;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。根据空前的“We need___13___our environment”及主语we可知,空处是表达保护我们自己,所以应该用反身代词ourselves。故选C

15句意:另一位研究人员李红斌说。

another三者以上的另一个;other其他的,后面接名词;the other两者中的另一个;others其他的,相当于other加名词形式。根据句意及空后的researcher可知,空处是表达另一位研究人员;句中没有说是两者,所以应该用三者以上的另一个another。故选A

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