题目内容
18．
Scott Kelly，an American astronaut，returned to earth on March 2，2016．He was taller by nearly 1.5inches （3.81cm）when he landed on Earth after his 340-day space mission on the International Space Station （ISS）．His change in height，which lasted about two days，raised the question：What are the effects of a long-term stay in space？
As you probably know，there is no gravity in space．This not only causes difficulties in everyday actions like eating，walking and sleeping，but also problems for the human body．
The first problem is the air．Without gravity，carbon dioxide cannot spread during breathing，but gathers around the body and causes headaches．More than that，human feelings of movement are affected，which could make people feel sick．
The body's fluids（液体）don't work well in weightlessness，making blood flow upward instead of down to the lower legs，and astronauts'faces become fatter than normal．Gaps between bones also become larger because humans cannot stand up straight．The spine（脊柱）can also get bigger in zero gravity．
In addition，human bodies become weaker because of the lack of gravity and space to move around in．Some astronauts said that after they returned，their muscles hurt and their skin became very sensitive（敏感的）Kelly said during his first press conference，"It was almost like my body was on fire wherever I sat or lay or walked．"
However，the research into the effects of long-term space flight on human bodies and minds never stops．There are many actions that astronauts can take in space．They can take vitamin D for bone growth，wear special belts on their legs to keep blood in their lower bodies and do strength coaches'exercises．The fans in the ISS also help spread carbon dioxide around．"We will do further research．"NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said，"I believe it will be meaningful to human-being．"
88．Something occured to Kelly's body when he finished his space mission，didn't it？Yes，it did
89．People mayhave a headache，if carbon dioxide cannot spread during breathing．
90．What will happen to astronauts'faces in space？They become fatter．
91．Why did Kelly feel burned when he was sleeping according to the text？After they returned，their muscles hurt and their skin became very sensitive．
92．What can astronauts do to keep fit in space？They can take vitamin D for bone growth，wear special belts on their legs to keep blood in their lower bodies and do strength coaches'exercises．
93．Do you agree that the research is meaningful to human-being？Why？Yes，I think it is helpfulto the astronauts．．
分析 本文介绍的是长期呆在太空的影响．第一个问题是空气，没有重力，二氧化碳不能在呼吸过程中扩散，而是聚集在身体周围，引起头痛，不仅如此，人类的运动感觉也会受到影响，这会让人感到恶心，脸发胖，骨间隙变得更大，人类的身体变弱，为了保持健康，飞行员可以补充维生素D，穿上特制的腰带，多做训练等．
解答 88．Yes，it did．细节理解题．根据He was taller by nearly 1.5inches （3.81cm）when he landed on Earth after his 340-day space mission on the International Space Station （ISS）．可知Scott Kelly结束太空任务后，回到地球身体长高了3.81cm，故答案为：Yes，it did．
89．have a headache．细节理解题．根据Without gravity，carbon dioxide cannot spread during breathing，but gathers around the body and causes headaches可知二氧化碳不能在呼吸过程中扩散，而是聚集在身体周围，引起头痛，故答案为：have a headache．
90．They become fatter．细节理解题．根据and astronauts'faces become fatter than normal可知在太空宇航员的脸变得比较胖，故答案为：They become fatter．
91．After they returned，their muscles hurt and their skin became very sensitive．细节理解题．根据Some astronauts said that after they returned，their muscles hurt and their skin became very sensitive（敏感的）Kelly said during his first press conference，"It was almost like my body was on fire wherever I sat or lay or walked．"可知他们返回后，他们的肌肉受伤，他们的皮肤变得非常敏感，就像身上着火了无论是坐或躺或走路．故答案为：After they returned，their muscles hurt and their skin became very sensitive．
92．They can take vitamin D for bone growth，wear special belts on their legs to keep blood in their lower bodies and do strength coaches'exercises．细节理解题．根据There are many actions that astronauts can take in space．They can take vitamin D for bone growth，wear special belts on their legs to keep blood in their lower bodies and do strength coaches'exercises可知为了保持健康，飞行员可以补充维生素D，穿上特制的腰带，多做训练等，故答案为：They can take vitamin D for bone growth，wear special belts on their legs to keep blood in their lower bodies and do strength coaches'exercises．
93．Yes，I think it is helpful to the astronauts．题干问的是：你认为研究是对人类有意义吗？根据．"NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said，"I believe it will be meaningful to human-being．"可知这项研究对飞行员有意义．此题答案不唯一，符合常理即可．
点评 做题时首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．
快乐小博士巩固与提高系列答案
仔细阅读短文，完成下列任务．When I just moved to Los Angeles，I didn't have a car．（ 41）E，but I wanted to prove（证明） them wrong．
I asked my neighbor，Mrs．White，to take me to the bus station in the center of the city so I could try taking the bus home．（42）D When I got there，I went inside and got a bus timetable．I looked at the map and worked out that I needed to take three buses to get home．
I bought the tickets and went outside to wait at the bus stop for the Number 8bus．（43）FI gave my ticket to the bus driver and took a seat．At the right stop，I rang the bell and got off．（ 44）
CI waited and waited．A man who was also waiting for the Number 14bus said that it wasn't unusual for the bus to be late．Half an hour later，it finally came．To make the matter worse，the third bus broke down halfway and the driver had to fix it．（45）A．So when I finally got home，I was very tired．Maybe getting a car in L．A．wasn't such a bad idea!
| A．It wasted half an hour B．I would take buses in L．A．again C．Then I waited for the next bus D．She thought I was crazy but gave me a ride E．Everyone said that I couldn't get around without one F．Soon it came and I got on． |
James shook his money box again．Nothing!He carefully （35）C the coins that lay on the bed.24.52was all that he had．The bicycle he wanted was at least 90!How on earth was he going to get the （36）D of the money？
He knew that his friends all had bicycle．It was （37）A to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels．He thought about what he could do．There was no point asking his parents，for he knew they had no money to spare．
There was only one way to get money，and that was to （38）_ it．He would have to find a job．（39）D who would hire him and what could he do？He decided to ask Mr．Clay for advice，who usually had（40）_ on most things．
"Well，you can start right here，"said Mr．clay．"My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing．"
That was the （41）A of James's odd-job（零工） business．For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework．He took dogs and babies for walks，cleared out cupboards，and mended books．He lost count of the （42）B of cars he washed and windows he cleaned，but the （43）C increased and he knew that he would soon have （44）A for the bicycle he longed for．
The day finally came when James counted his money and found 94.32．He wasted no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted．He rode （45）B home，looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends．It had been hard （46）D for the money，but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more since he had bought it with his own money．
| 35．A．cleaned | B．covered | C．counted | D．checked |
| 36．A．coins | B．part | C．number | D．rest |
| 37．A．hard | B．brave | C．smart | D．modern |
| 38．A．borrow | B．earn | C．raise | D．collect |
| 39．A．Or | B．So | C．For | D．But |
| 40．A．decisions | B．experience | C．suggestions | D．knowledge |
| 41．A．beginning | B．introduction | C．requirement | D．opening |
| 42．A．brand | B．number | C．size | D．type |
| 43．A．effort | B．job | C．money | D．trouble |
| 44．A．enough | B．all | C．much | D．some |
| 45．A．patiently | B．proudly | C．silently | D．tiredly |
| 46．A．stealing | B．asking | C．looking | D．working． |
| Hi!Li Jing， I am so sad these days．I have many friends and one of them is called Jack．We often study and do sports together．But my parents don't allow me to play with him，just because he is a boy．I don't know what to do．Do you have the same problem？I need your help． I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon． Yours， Lily |
| Hi!Lily， I'm glad to hear from you． ． I hope what I said can help you． Yours， Li Jing |