Question

【题目】任务型阅读

第一节：阅读短文，回答问题。

Red squirrels used to be a common sight in British forests and countryside. But there are fewer than 140,000 red squirrels left now and most of them are in Scotland. However, grey squirrels (introduced from North America) are now so common that many people dislike them. They can be legally（合法的）trapped and destroyed.

On first sight, the two types of squirrel are similar. They both have a long tail, which helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree, and the same large eyes, small ears and powerful back legs. However, the grey squirrel has a clear physical advantage over the red. The red squirrel has a head-and-body length of 19 to 23 centimeters, a tail length of 15 to 20 centimeters and a body weight of 250 to 340 grams. Compared to this, the grey squirrel is a larger animal. The head and body measures between 23 and 30 centimeters long and the tail is between 19 and 25 centimeters long. Adult grey squirrels are heavier, weighing between 400 and 600 grams. This size allows them to store more fat and helps them to survive a hard winter, which would be fatal（致命的）to their smaller cousins .

So why are red squirrels losing out in competition with grey squirrels? Size is one factor, but there are others. Red squirrels live high up in trees, while grey squirrels spend more of their time on the ground. This means any loss of forests greatly influences the red squirrel population. Another reason for the grey squirrel’s success is its ability to use food provided by people. Like the fox, the grey squirrel can survive in towns and cities. The other problem for the red squirrel is disease. Both squirrels carry a certain virus. While this doesn’t seem to attack grey squirrels, it is fatal to red squirrels.

【1】Which are introduced from North America, red squirrels or grey squirrels?

【2】What helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree?

【3】How much do adult grey squirrels weigh at most?

【4】Who are the “smaller cousins” mentioned in the second paragraph?

【5】There are four reasons why red squirrels are losing out in competition with grey squirrels. Please list TWO of them.（每条不得超过4个单词）

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America).

【2】Its/The/Their (long) tail.

【3】(They weigh/are) 600 grams.

【4】(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.

【5】(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger).

(2) (Their) Living place(s) / area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s).

或 Loss of forests.

(3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet.

(4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus.

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了英国的松鼠：过去的红松鼠和现在的灰松鼠。红松鼠曾是英国的一大风景，但是现在只剩下140，000只了，然而灰色的松鼠是如此的普遍以致于人们都不喜欢它们了。两种松鼠相似：长尾巴、大眼睛、小耳朵和有力的后腿。但是灰松鼠要大些，要重些。红松鼠在与灰松鼠的竞争中失败的原因一是灰松鼠更大；二是灰松鼠生活在地面，红松鼠生活在树上；三是灰松鼠接受人类提供的食物，而红松鼠不；四是病毒感染红松鼠，对灰松鼠无伤害等等。

【1】Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America). 细节理解题。题意：红松鼠和灰松鼠，哪一种是从北美洲介绍来的？由第一段最后一句：However, grey squirrels (introduced from North America) are now so common that many people dislike them. They can be legally（合法的）trapped and destroyed. 可知灰松鼠是从北美洲介绍来的。故回答：Grey squirrels (are introduced from North America).

【2】Its/The/Their (long) tail. 细节理解题。题意：从一棵树跳到另一棵树时什么帮助松鼠平衡？由第二段的：They both have a long tail, which helps the squirrel to balance when jumping from tree to tree。它们都有一个长尾巴，帮助松鼠从一棵树跳到另一棵树时平衡。故本题回答：Its/The/Their (long) tail.

【3】(They weigh/are) 600 grams. 细节理解题。题意：成年灰松鼠至多重多少？由文中的：Adult grey squirrels are heavier, weighing between 400 and 600 grams.成年灰松鼠要重些在400到600克之间。可以推测出最多重600克。故回答：(They weigh/are) 600 grams.

【4】(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.推理判断题。题意：第二段中提到的较小的一类是谁？This size allows them to store more fat and helps them to survive a hard winter, which would be fatal（致命的）to their smaller cousins .这样的大小允许它们储存更多的脂肪并帮助他们过严冬，这对它们的smaller cousins是致命的弱点。可以推测出是与灰松鼠相比较的红松鼠。故答：(The) Red squirrel(s)/ones.

【5】(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger). . (2) (Their) Living place(s)/area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s). 或 Loss of forests.. (3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet. (4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus. 分析归纳题。题意：红松鼠在与灰松鼠的竞争中落败的原因有四个方面，请列出其中两样。短文最后一段列出了在自然竞争中，红松鼠改于灰松鼠的原因：一是灰松鼠更大；二是灰松鼠生活在地面，红松鼠生活在树上；三是灰松鼠接受人类提供的食物，而红松鼠不；四是病毒感染红松鼠，对灰松鼠无伤害。可以任意列出其中两项即可。故答：(1) (The) Size. 或Physical advantage. 或Grey squirrels are big(ger). (2) (Their) Living place(s)/area(s)/space/habit(s)/condition(s)/situation(s)或 Loss of forests. (3) (The/Their) Food. 或Food provided by people. 或Eating habits. 或Diet. (4) (The) Disease/Illness. 或 (The) Virus.