Many hospitals have blood banks. In these banks, blood of all types is stored. When blood is needed, it is taken from the bank. Healthy people then give blood to the bank to replace the blood that is 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Many hospitals have blood banks. In these banks, blood of all types is stored. When blood is needed, it is taken from the bank. Healthy people then give blood to the bank to replace (取代) the blood that is used. Blood can be kept in the fridge for about three weeks with a kind of chemical.

When people lose much of their blood because of operations or accidents, they may need transfusions(输血). Some people may need transfusions because of illness. Sometimes only a part of the blood is used for transfusions. Plasma(血浆), the liquid part of the blood , may be given alone. Transfusions of plasma are often given when people have been badly burned.

When a person gets a transfusion, he gets blood of the same type as his. Or there may be a bad reaction(反应). To make it safer, before a transfusion is given, the blood to be used must be tested with the blood of the person who is to receive it. This testing is called cross matching of the blood.

Oswald Robertson, an American doctor, was the first one to give transfusions. He used blood that had been stored for some time to help wounded soldiers in 1918 in World War One.

1.Blood banks usually have ______.

A. only one type of blood

B. one or two types of blood

C. two or three types of blood

D. all types of blood

2.Blood banks get blood from ______.

A. healthy people B. operations

C. accidents D. transfusions

3.Before a transfusion, it is important to make sure that ______.

A. the blood is cold

B. the blood has been stored long enough

C. the blood is from people who have accidents

D. the type of blood to be used is the same as the patient’s

4.This passage wants to tell us ______.

A. who Oswald Robertson was

B. the first transfusions

C. how blood banks works

D. what blood banks are like

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Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old Chinese female (女性) 1. , was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology (生理学) or Medicine on Oct.5. She found a medicine that cures the malaria (疟疾) and became the first native Chinese person to get the Nobel Prize in natural science.

Tu found artemisinin (青蒿素) in sweet wormwood (青蒿) back in 1971. She 2. the following years trying to improve the medicine. According to World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer from malaria 3. the world, and about half a million die each year. Today, artemisinin is still the most 4. medicine that fights against malaria.

5. Tu joined the national research team to find the malaria medicine in the 1960s and 1970s, things were hard. The team didn’t have advanced equipment (先进设备) then. Tu even tested medicines by taking them 6. . That was actually very dangerous for her. Tu’s team searched old Chinese medicine books by hand and tested over 2,000 traditional recipes (配方).

To do research, Tu also had to travel a lot. Once she returned to her family 7. six months away from home, her little daughter didn’t recognize(认出) her and hid from the “strange woman”. 8. , Tu never complained. “I feel happy when I see so many cured patients,” she said.

I didn’t know ________ .

A. when did he leave

B. whom will you go with

C. where you are from

D. how I could get to the station

--- As for sports, I like baseball better than tennis. How about you?

--- For me, I prefer ________.

A. to swim rather than running

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For hundreds of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an influence on people’s emotions. What your feeling is always controlled by many things. Your emotions can be influenced by your personality (个性), by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.

People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin(维生素）. Vitamins are natural chemicals which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical influence our brains and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less ofthis special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special“sunrooms”with man-made lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two.

The weather can also influence people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.

1. Which of the following can bet described as a factor(因素) that can influence one’s emotions?

A. Weather. B. Actions of others.

C. Personality D. A, B and C.

2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “emotions” in Chinese?

A. 运动 B. 情绪 C. 感动 D. 激动

3.Which of the following is TRUE about vitamin D according to the passage?

A. It is a kind of man-made chemical.

B. It makes us worried by influencing our brains.

C. It is needed by us all to keep fit.

D. It is in the sunlight.

4.What may be the best title for this passage?

A. Why Do We Feel Sad.

B. The Weather Influences People’s Emotion.

C. People Need More Vitamin D.

D. We Can Hardly Change the Weather.

— Could you please sweep the floor? I’m going to cook dinner.

— _________. I’ll do it at once, Mom.

A. I’m afraid not B. It’s a pity

C. It’s a shame D. With pleasure

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