Question

【题目】Are you an optimist or a pessimist? Optimists always see the good side of things. Pessimists always expect the worst and see the bad side. The optimist says, “The glass is half-full.” The pessimist says, “The glass is half-empty.”

Dr. Seligman is a scientist whose studies show that optimists are ________ than pessimists. Pessimists suffer from depression (抑郁症) more often than optimists do. Dr. Seligman studied a group of men who had heart attacks. After eight years, most of the optimistic men were still alive, while most of the pessimistic men had ________ another heart attack.

Dr. Seligman also says that optimists are more successful. Sportsmen, politicians, and businessmen who have optimistic views of the world tend to (趋于) succeed.

Here’s the good news: Everyone can learn to be more optimistic. The main way is to ________ the way you talk to yourself. When something bad happens to pessimists, they believe it will affect their whole lives. When something bad happens to optimists, they see it as just one event. They also believe that they can solve the problem, so it won’t happen again.

Here’s a(n) ________: An optimist and a pessimist take a math test. They are both good students, but both of them fail this test. The pessimist thinks, “I’m probably going to fail every test. I’m never going to learn math. It’s too difficult for me. ________ will like me because I’m a terrible student.” The optimist thinks, “It was only one test. I’m a smart student. I know I can do much better next time.”

Be kinder to yourself. Be more ________. Always see the glass as half-full!

【1】A. happier B. healthier C. smarter D. younger

【2】A. got rid of B. worried about C. died from D. waited for

【3】A. change B. lose C. choose D. find

【4】A. saying B. subject C. experiment D. example

【5】A. Everybody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody

【6】A. thankful B. useful C. hopeful D. careful

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】A

【4】D

【5】D

【6】C

【解析】本文简述了悲观主义者与乐观主义者的异同，作者鼓励大家成为乐观主义者，改变自己看待问题的态度，满怀希望，对生活乐观。

【1】句意：塞利格曼博士是一位科学家，他的研究表明乐观主义者比悲观主义者更健康，后文说悲观主义者更容易患上抑郁症，由此得出乐观主义者比悲观主义者更健康，选项A“更开心的”，选项B“更健康的”，选项C“更聪明的”，选项D“更年轻的”，故选B。

【2】句意：八年后，大多数乐观的人仍然活着，而大多数悲观的人死于另一次心脏病发作。这里想要用案例对比来证明博士的观点，即乐观的人活得更久，而悲观的人不幸“死于”另一次心脏病。选项A“摆脱”，选项B“担心”，选项C“死于”，选项D“等待”，故选C。

【3】句意：主要的方法是改变你和自己说话的方式。这里是说每个人都可以学着变得乐观，途径就是“改变”看待问题的方式，选项A“改变”，选项B“失去”，选项C“选择”，选项D“找到”，故选A。

【4】句意：这有一个例子。这段话后面讲的是一个“案例”，讲的是一个乐观主义者和悲观主义者参加数学考试的案例，选项A“谚语”，选项B“主题，学科”，选项C“实验”，选项D“例子”，故选D。

【5】句意：没有人会喜欢我，因为我是一个糟糕的学生。这里是在描述“悲观主义者”的心境，他考试失败后便会认为因为他的不好、在考试中有点糟糕的表现而没有人会喜欢他了，选项A“每个人”，选项B“任何人”，选项C“某人”，选项D“没有人”，故选D。

【6】句意：更满怀希望吧！这里是文章末尾，是作者为读者提出的建议：对自己友善、满怀希望！选项A“感谢的”，选项B“有用的”，选项C“有希望的”，选项D“认真的”，故选C。