Question

【题目】阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

Food waste is a world's problem. Every year, about 1.3 billion tons, or one-third of all the food produced is thrown away, according to a survey. Using just 25percent of that wasted food could feed 870million hungry people, which would end world hunger. The people of France wasted 234pounds of food per person, which is much better than some other countries. In the past, France wasn't good at controlling food waste, but now the country takes the lead．

A law was made by French government. It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from throwing away unused food. Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will face a fine. There are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability （可持续性）. They also ask companies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports. And restaurants should provide take﹣out bags．

“These laws make it a standard to reduce waste.” says Marie Mourad, a student in Paris who has written several reports on French food waste. "France is not the country that wastes the least food, but Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe．"

"Preventing supermarkets from throwing away food means a lot," says Jonathan Bloom, a famous writer. "This step has influenced parts of French food industry．"

It is everyone's duty to fight against food waste. Everyone should pay attention and take action．

Food waste is a problem around the world. Every year, if people used just a 【1】 of that wasted food, the world hunger would end. In the past, France didn’t do 【2】 in controlling food waste, but now the country has taken the lead.
French 【3】 actions	A law was made to reduce food waste.	Supermarket of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will be 【4】. Schools are【5】to teach students about food sustainability. Companies should report the food waste numbers. Restaurants should 【6】take-out bags to customers.
People’s voices	Marie, a student	The law against food waste works. Other European countries can【7】 from France.
	Jonathan, a writer	It’s 【8】to prevent supermarkets from throwing away food. French food industry has been 【9】 as well.
The writer’s opinions	Everyone’s effort 【10】 -- Everyone should take an active part in fighting against food waste.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】quarter

【2】well

【3】government’s

【4】fined

【5】required

【6】offer

【7】learn

【8】meaningful/important

【9】influenced

【10】matters

【解析】

短文大意：短文关注的是世界性的食物浪费问题，介绍了法国政府为遏制食物浪费所制定的法律，指出与食物浪费作斗争是每个人的责任，每个人都应该积极参与到与食物浪费的斗争中来。

【1】句意：每年，如果人们只是使用四分之一的被浪费的食物，世界饥饿就会结束。考查词义理解。根据Using just 25 percent of that wasted food could feed 870 million hungry people, which would end world hunger.可知，25 percent相当于a quarter，故填quarter。

【2】句意：过去，法国在控制食物浪费方面做得不好，但现在这个国家已经走在了前面。考查词义理解。本句动词do是实意动词，需用副词修饰；根据In the past, France wasn't good at controlling food waste, but now the country takes the lead.可知，be good at（擅长）相当于do well，故填well。

【3】句意：法国政府的行动。考查综合归纳。名词actions需用形容词或所有格修饰；根据A law was made by French government.可知短文中的举例都是法国政府的法律规定，故填government’s。

【4】句意：一定规模的超市必须捐赠未使用的食品，否则将被罚款。考查句意理解。“be +过去分词”表示被动语态结构；根据Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will face a fine.可知填fined。

【5】句意：学校被要求教授学生关于食物可持续性的知识。考查句意理解。“be +过去分词”表示被动语态结构；根据There are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability.可知，故填required。

【6】句意：餐馆应该为顾客提供外卖袋。考查词义理解。should应该，表建议，后接原形动词；根据And restaurants should provide take-out bags.可知，provide（提供）义同offer，故填offer。

【7】句意：其他欧洲国家可以向法国学习。考查句意理解。情态动词can后接原形动词；根据but Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe可知法国想成为欧洲的榜样，也就是其他欧洲国家可以向法国学习，故填learn。

【8】句意：防止超市扔掉食物是有意义的。考查词性转换。本句缺表语形容词，根据Preventing supermarkets from throwing away food means a lot可知填meaningful/important。

【9】句意：法国的食品工业也受到了影响。考查句意理解。“be +过去分词”表示被动语态结构；根据This step has influenced parts of French food industry可知填influenced。

【10】句意：每个人的努力都很重要——每个人都应该积极参与到与食物浪费的斗争中来。考查句意理解。本句缺谓语动词，Everyone’s effort是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据It is everyone's duty to fight against food waste可知与食物浪费作斗争是每个人的责任，to be everyone's duty相当于matter（要紧），故填matters。