3. The government has promised to take ____ the

　 energy crisis.

　　　 A. part in　　　　　　　　 B. advantage of

　　 C. action on　　　　　　 D. risks of

2. All too ____ it was time to go back to school af-

　 ter the summer vacation.

　　 A. fast　　　　　　　　 B. quick

　　 C. often　　　　　　　　 D. soon

1. Mark ____ his hand slowly and carefully, and

　 there, in his palm, lay a shining diamond ring.

　　 A. made out　　　　　　 B. held out

　　 C. left out　　　　　　　 D. picked out

9. take action 采取行动

　 take notes 记笔记

　 take effect 见效，生效；开始发生作用

　 take exercise 做体操，做健身活动

　 take farewell 告别，辞行

　 take ground 占领阵地，(飞机)着陆

　 take notice 注意

　 take office 就职

　 take steps 采取措施

[考点1]含“动词+out”的短语

①wipe out擦洗……的内部；去除，消灭

②start out启程(一start off)；着手进行(+t0 do sth)

③hold out伸出；提供；坚持

④stand out显眼；突出

⑤pick out选出；分辨出

⑥leave out省略；遗漏

⑦work out算出

⑧die out灭绝；消失

[例句]We always wipe the bottles out before returning

them to the milkman. 我们总是把瓶子内部擦干净后再

送还给送奶工人。

They wiped him out to keep him from appearing as a

witness. 为了阻止他出面作证，他们除掉了他。

It's a long trip; we'll have to start out early and start

back for home in the afternoon. 这是一段长旅程，我们

必须很早动身，下午再起程回家。

Our food supplies won't hold out long. 我们的食品存量

维持不了多久。

The road sign is easy to read I the words stand out

well. 路标很容易认；上面的字非常突出。

Tom pm’ked out his cousins from the crowd. 汤姆从人

群中认出了他的堂兄弟。

How can you leave out such important information? 你

怎能漏掉这么重要的信息?

▲ 辨析：wipe off / away / up擦去，擦掉；start out / off

= set out / off = leave 后接 for + 地点；go off后接to +

地点。

[考例1](NMET 2002改编)We thought of selling this

old furniture．but we decided to ____ it. It might

be valuable.

　　 A. hold on　　 B. hold on to

　　 C. hold uD　　 D. hold to

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B hold on 继续；坚持。hold on to 抓住

不放。hold up 举起。hold to 遵循；坚持(看法、说法

等)。

[牛刀小试2]

10. put an end to 结束

　 put an end to 结束

　 bring sth. to an end 结束

　 come to an end 结束

　 make (both) ends meet 收支相抵

[考点3]“take + 名词”短语

① take action (on) 采取行动

② take steps / measures 采取措施

③ take notes 纪录

④ take a chance 碰碰运气

⑤ take breath 歇一歇，喘口气

⑥ take risks 冒风险

⑦ take advantage (of) 利用；引诱

⑧ take aim (at) 瞄准

⑨ take charge (of) 负责(处理某事，照顾某人)，接管

⑩ take effect 生效，起作用

[例句] Let's see how they will take action next. 我们要

观察他们下一步要采取什么行动。

The police had to take firm action to deal with the ri-

ots. 警方只得采取坚决行动来处理骚乱。

The government has taken measures to preserve order.

政府已采取措施维持秩序。

Half-way up the mountain we stopped to take breath.

我们爬到半山腰后停下来歇口气。

They took a risk in driving on, in spite of the storm. 尽

管有暴风雨，他们还是冒险驾车赶路。

He's using his charm to try to take advantage of her. 他

正利用他的魅力试图引诱她。

Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火前要对

目标仔细瞄准。

The new law takes effect from tomorrow. 新法律从明

天起生效。

[考例3]Immediate action must be ____ before it is

too late.

　　 A. taken　 B. made　 C. carried　 D. put

[考查目标] 此题主要考查固定短语的动词搭配问题。

[答案与解析]A　 在take action短语中，只可使用

take．不可使用其他动词。

11. do for

　 1)“使失败，使完蛋”(常用被动式be done for)

　 That young man's case is done for.

　 那年青人的官司输定了。

　 2)“设法获得”(用于疑问句中与how和what连用)

　 How did you do for water while erossing the desert?

　 当你通过沙漠时，你是怎样获取水的?

[考点4]与harmony有关的短语

① in harmony with 与……协调一致

② out of harmony with 与……不协调一致

③ in harmony 和睦，和谐

[例句] The color of the sofa is in harmony with the sit-

ting room. 沙发的颜色与卧室的颜色很协调。

He soon found himself in harmony with his new co-

workers. 不久，他发觉自己与新合作的工人们关系融

洽。

The music is out of harmony with his tastes. 这音乐不

合他的兴趣。

The boys sang in harmony．男孩子唱和声。

[考例4]I had ____ Mrs. Reed or the children, or

her chosen servant.

　　 A. nothing in harmony with

　　 B. something out of harmony to

　　 C. a lot in harmony with

　　 D. none of harmony to

[考查目标]此题主要考查短语搭配以及句意理解问

题。

[答案与解析]A　 由介词搭配可知B、D两项不对。由

Dr可知C项是错误的。因为or作为连词时，用在否定

句中。

[考点5]含 knock 的短语

① knock about / around 漫游，闲逛；(狠)打

② knock down 击倒，撞倒；拆除

③ knock...out of 把……敲出来

④ knock into sb 撞到某人身上

⑤ knock off 停止(工作)；扣除

⑥ knock over 打翻

⑦ knock at 敲门／窗等

[例句] The writer has knocked about in Europe for

months. 那个作家在欧洲漫游了好几个月。

Our house is being knoeked down to make way for a

new road. 为了给新公路让路，我们的房子正在拆除。

I want to see you when we knock off. 下班后我要见你。

[考例5]It is reported that prisoners was ____ a lot

in the prison.

　　 A. knocked about　　 B. knocked down

　　 C. knocked over　　 D. knocked off

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义。

[答案与解析]A　 正确理解句意是解题的关键。题意

是：据报道犯人在这座监狱里经常受到毒打。

7. All children between the ages of 5 and 16 must

　 　　　　　　　school.

　　 [短语归类]

[考点2]含all的副词短语

① all for 完全赞成

② all of a sudden 突然，冷不防(=all at once = sudden-

　 ly)

③ all too 实在太

④ all but 几乎；差不多

⑤ all over 到处；各处

⑥ all the better 更好

⑦ all along 一直；始终

[例句] I'm all for doing nothing till the police arrive. 我

完全赞成警方到达之前我们不要乱动。

The bus stopped all of a sudden and the passengers

were thrown forward. 汽车突然停下，乘客们身子向前

倾斜。

The holidays were all too short. 假期实在太短了。

▲友情提示：all是副词，“全部。都”的意思。

[考例2]We were talking on the phone when,

____, the line went dead.

　　 A. all too　　 B. all of once

　　 C. all of a sudden　　 D. all sudden

[考查目标]此题主要考查准确使用短语的能力。

[答案与解析]C　 短语即成语，是不可改变的。从句意

可知，空白处应是“突然”之意。

6. I didn't say anything because I was ____ the

　 other kids would laugh at me.

5.　　　　 ____ at the door before entering, please.

4. What surprised me was not what he said but the

　 ____ he said it.