同位语从句

(1)同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that。如:

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.

对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。

Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?

德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。

毫无疑问她肯定会通过这次期末考试.

(2)某些同位语从句由连接代词who, which, what,连接副词where, when, why, how或whether引导。如:

I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。

The question who should do the work requires consideration.

谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。

We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。

注:

1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别

句法功能上

同位语从句中that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。

定语从句中that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。

意义上

同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。

定语从句起限定作用,是定语

如:The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句,that不可省。)

李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。

The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省。)

他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。

1). 正确: There were many people attending the lecture

正确:Many people attended the lecture.

2). 正确: Many students in our school dislike learning English.

正确: In our school there are many students who dislike learning English.

3). There are many factories piping waste water directly into the rivers, making the waters of the rivers seriously polluted.

There are many factories which pipe waste water directly into the rivers, which makes the waters of the rivers seriously polluted.

Many factories pipe waste water directly into the rivers, making the waters of the rivers seriously polluted.

Many factories pipe waste water directly into the rivers, which makes the waters of the rivers seriously polluted.

4). There is a lot of work to finish in the office.  /   There is a lot of work to be finished in the office.

5). There were some buildings burnt down in that big fire. / Some buildings were burnt down in that big fire.

  There were some buildings which were burnt down in that big fire.

6). There are two in our family working as teachers. / There are two in our family who work as teachers.

7). It is suggested that we should go to visit the Great Wall tomorrow.

  Someone has suggested us going to visit the Great Wall tomorrow.

8). It is essential/necessary that effective measures be taken to protect our civil rights.

9). It is important that something be done before it's too late. 10) It is suggested that the workers’ payment (should) be increased properly.

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