3．Who Are Today's Immigrants?The world's population is more mobile today than ever before．In 2010.mo——青夏教育精英家教网—

3．Who Are Today's Immigrants？
The world's population is more mobile today than ever before．In 2010，more than 200million people left their home countries to live in a new country．This is about 3percent of the total world population．Some experts believe that number will swell to 400million by 2050．Rates of immigration have remained strong for the last 300years，but patters of immigration have changed since World War II．The backgrounds and experiences of today's immigrants are different from those of the typical European immigrant of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries．Contemporary immigrants range from unskilled laborers to highly skilled professionals，and they come from and go to countries all over the world．
In the nineteenth century and until World War II，immigration was primarily in one direction-from the Old World to the New World．This is no longer the case．Countries such as Russia and China，which have long been，and continue to be，significant source countries，are now also destination countries．There is also considerable mobility inside regions，such as from one European country to another，or among the countries of the former Soviet Union．
In spite of such differences，the push and pull factors for immigration remain essentially the same as they were 100years ago．Most people move to another country because they want a better life．For the majority of immigrants，this means better economic conditions．As in past generations，a labor shortage in one country often draws workers from another country，especially if wages are significantly higher．In some small countries，for example，Qatar，United Arab Emirates，and Kuwait，there are more jobs than citizens．The demand for labor is so high that the majority of the population consists of foreign-born workers，ranging from highly skilled engineers and financial experts to domestic and construction workers．
In traditional destination countries，such as the United States，however，labor needs have changed．Today，although there is still demand for unskilled labor，there is increasing demand for people with a high level of skill and education．The need for less skilled labor has shifted to other countries．As work on farms and in industry in the United States and Canada once drew workers from all over the world，now work in factories in Taiwan and south Korea attracts workers from Vietnam，the Philippines，and Cambodia．
Most global immigration is legal：however，a large number of people also move across national borders illegally in pursuit of employment．Experts estimate that about 15to 20percent of immigrants worldwide are in their new countries illegally．The United States has the largest number of these immigrants，followed by South Africa，with significant numbers also in Northern and Western Europe and Mexico．These immigrants face particular challenges because they often must hide from the authorities who might deport them back to their home countries．Their illegal status also means that employers may take advantage of them by forcing them to work longer hours and paying them less than the legal minimum wage．
Although economics remains the most important motivation in all forms of immigrant，other factors are also important．Some people decide to leave their home countries because their actions or political beliefs make it dangerous for them to remain．Others choose to leave because their home country has become too dangerous and unstable，often because of war or political unrest．They wish to find a place that is secure for themselves and their families．Education is also a significant factor for many modern immigrants．They want to raise their children in a place where they can get a good education，which，in turn，they hope will provide them with better prospects for the future．Finally，family and community ties also play a role in immigration decisions．As in the past，once a group of people from one country establishes a community in a new country，more people from that country is likely to follow．
The pattern，direction，and rate of immigration may change as the global economy changes．However，as long as life in a new country is more attractive than life in the old country，immigration will continue．

53．According to the reading，what are the patterns of immigration in China and Russia today？C
A．They are major destination countries for immigrants．
B．They are major source countries for immigration．
C．Many people leave these countries while many people also immigrate to them．
D．Some people immigrate to these countries but many more people leave them．
54．Why is the percentage of foreign-born workers so high in Kuwait，Qatar，and the United Arab Emirates？B
A．These countries pay very high wages，so they attract many foreign workers．
B．There are not enough native-born workers in these countries so they must recruit workers from other countries．
C．It is very easy to immigrate to these countries．
D．These countries are very stable so many workers prefer to go there．
55．Why do some employers sometimes pay illegal immigrants less than the legal minimum wage？C
A．They often do not speak good English．
B．Employers know that they will not complain about their wages to authorities．
C．Authorities might send illegal immigrants back to their home country．
D．Illegal workers often cause problems for employers．
56．Which is not the factor contributing to the immigration？B
A．Education
B．Religious freedom
C．Political unstability
D．Family and community connections．

2．Art of living
Aristotle once wrote that"happiness is a state of activity"．In other words，whether you are seeking lifelong satisfaction （33）ora few moments of good cheer，you have got to move forward．We've surveyed the experts and found four steps to take toward a sunny disposition（性格）：
VALUE YOUR RELATIONSHIPS
Over a 30-year period，University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 12，000people （34）howincome，education，political participation，volunteer activities，and close relationships affected their happiness．Reported Newsweek's Sharon Begley on the findings，"The highest level of happiness （35）is fond（find） with the most stable，longest，and most contented relationships．"
EXPRESS YOURSELF
Singing aloud，talking to a stranger，raising your hand：All may increase a feeling of well-being，according to a study from Wake Forest University．Participants tracked their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were （36）more outgoing（outgoing）．
SPEND MONEY ON OTHERS
The editors of forbes．com gave￥5 or￥20 randomly to 46 strangers．Half the group was told to spend money on （37）themselves，while the other half was told to spend it on others．Those who'd shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who'd spent it on themselves．There was no difference in happiness between those who spent￥5 or￥0，suggesting that it's not how much money you spend，but how you spend it，（38）thatcan boost （提升） the spirit．
FOCUS ON THE POSITVE
Studies from the University of Pennsylvania's Positive Psychology Center show （39）thatnegative-minded people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an （40）improved（improve） outlook．

1．A．case B．experience C．growing D．dominant E．exclusion F．variety G．declining H．remain I．problematic J．contribution K．share

The world faces a future of people speaking more than one language，with English no longer seen as likely to become（41）D，a British language expert says in a new analysis．"English is likely to（42）H one of the world's most important languages for the foreseeable future，but its future is more （43）I and complex-than most people appreciate，"language researcher David Graddol said．He sees English as likely to become the"first among equals"rather than having the global field to itself．"Speakers，who only use English，of any（44）F of English-American or British-will（45）B increasing difficulty in employment and political life，and are likely to become confused by many aspects of the society and culture around them，"Graddol said．
The（46）K of the world's population that speaks English as a native language is decreasing，Graddol reported in an issue of the journal Science．The idea of English becoming the world language to the（47）E of others"is past its sell-by date，"Graddol said．Instead，he said，its major（48）J will be in creating generations who use more than one language．
A multilingual（使用多种语言的） population is the（49）A in much of the world and is becoming more common in the United States．Indeed，the Census Bureau reported last year that nearly one American in five speaks a language other than English at home，with Spanish leading，and Chinese（50）C rapidly．The diversity of language，in turn，has helped to make English the nation's official language．

9．My parents want me to get used to manage my own money．They set up the bank account （账户） for me and pay a small amount out every month．When I want to go to the cinema or something like that，I take out that I need．I know I can't take out much money than I have in my account．Also，if I spend all their money in the first week of the month，then I have to cut down and go without thing like chocolates for a while．Sometime I add up how much I've spent and compare it with how much money I have had．It allows me better manage my money．

8．Kong zi，also called Confucius（551-479B．C），and Socrates （469-399B．C） lived only a hundred years apart，and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece，but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas，and how these ideas in turn，shaped their societies．
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace，though there were more wars in Greece than in China．The Chinese states were very large and feudal，while the Greek city-states were small and urban．The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical（激进的） than Confucius．Unlike Confucius，Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively．Thus，Socrates was able to be more idealistic，focusing on issues like freedom，and knowledge for its own sake．Confucius，on the other hand，advised those in government service，and many of his students went out to government service．
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life："Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you．"He assumed that all men were equal at birth，though some had more potential than others，and that it was knowledge that set men apart．Socrates focused on the individual，and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom．He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did．Like Confucius，he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior （下层的） classes．
For Socrates，the family was of no importance，and the community of little concern．For Confucius，however，the family was the center of the society，with family relations considered much more important than political relations．
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes．
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph？C
A．Socrates and Confucius had much in common．
B．Confucius had much influence on Socrates'ideas．
C．The societies were influenced by the philosophers'ideas．
D．There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece．
30．What made some people different from others according to Confucius？C
A．Family
B．Potential
C．Knowledge
D．Community
31．Socrates shared with Confucius the idea thatB．
A．all men were equal when they were born
B．the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class
C．the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
D．people should not ask others to do what they did not want to
32．This passage is organized in the pattern ofB．
A．time and events
B．comparison and contrast
C．cause and effect
D．definition and classification．

7．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
Boys and girls!I'd like to share my swimming experience with you．My swimming experience is extreme interesting．There was a time when I swim like a rock．This went on till one day when I was fishing with a friend of mine at the pond．I slipped into it．Had my friend not come to my rescue，I would have drowned．Since then，I had come to know the important of learning to swim．I didn't attend at any training class but learned it all by myself．Strange to say，I have no difficult swimming at all now．Though the way I swim looks awkward （笨拙的），at least it can keep me floating．Think of this，I feel quite satisfying．
Yours，
Zhang Ming．

6．Having worked as captain of the lifeboat at Portland Bay in the north of England for over thirty years now，I feel quite proud of my career．In my time，I've rescued fishermen with broken-down boats，swimmers （61）swept（sweep） out to sea and once even a pilot whose helicopter had developed engine （62）failure（fail）．
I've always been mad about the sea，and about the lifeboat．Both my father and grandfather were volunteers on the lifeboat．（63）However/Nevertheless，I'm the first one in the family to be captain．This means that different from my father and grandfather，I work full-time at the lifeboat station．（64）The rest of the crew are volunteers （65）working （work） in other jobs locally．When the alarm goes，to signal a call-out，the crew members must drop whatever they （66）are doing （do） and report for duty （67）immediately（immediate）---we can be out on the water within a few minutes of the alarm sounding．
The coastline here can be one of the （68）worst （bad） places in England．When the wind is in the east，the waves can be huge and there are a lot of rocks just beneath the surface of the water，（69）which makes it a dangerous place for shipping．But the sea feels （70）like a home for me---it's where I belong，in spite of its dangers．

5．Every year，about 1.6billion tons of soil，（61）which contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area，flows into the Yellow River．Over time，the （62）removal （remove） of a lot of soil has caused serious erosion of the land along the River，（63）forcing （force） many local farmers to move to other areas．
Actually，it's you who have the most important role （64）to play（ play） in controlling Yellow River erosion，not just the government or international organizations．A tree-planting program （65）has changed（change） the Jiuchenggong Valley in Inner Mongolia into a green homeland，where local farmers can grow crops to make （66）a living．（67）With the money they earn from their crops，farmers buy （68）what they need．The success of the program has （69）greatly（great） improved the lives of the local people．And all this started with 5yuan!You can use it to buy a tree and （70）create（creation） a green future for our motherland，our people and yourself．

4．When my grandson Max told his mother，Andrea，to donate any cheque she would give him for his 21st birthday to charity，Andrea got an idea．
She handed Max's brother Charlie a video camera．Then she （61）withdrew（withdraw） 21 10notes from the bank and bought 21apples at the supermarket．When they spotted a （62）homeless（home） man，Andrea told him．"Today is my son Max's 21st birthday，（63）and/so he asked me to give a gift to someone （64）to help （help） him celebrate．"She handed the man a 10note and an apple．The man smiled into the camera and announced（65）shyly （shy），"Happy birthday，Max!"
Soon，they passed out their gifts to men and women （66）waiting （wait） in line at a soup kitchen．（67）In a unified chorus，they wished Max，"Happy birthday!"
At a pizza shop，Andrea （68）left （1eave） 50and told the owners to feed （69）the hungry．"Happy birthday，Max!"they shouted．
With one last 10note and apple，they stopped at Andrea's sister's office．Unable to contain her laughter or her （70）tears （tear），she shouted into the camera，"Happy birthday，Max!"

3．The first selfie stick（自拍杆） was （61）definitely （definite） invented by Hiroshi，（62）a photographer at a camera company．He made it due to being （63）unable （able） to take pictures of themselves during a trip to Europe with his wife．When he asked a boy to take pictures of them，the boy ran off with the camera．Frustrated，he invented something （64）that would allow him to take a picture of himself．Since the iPhone really had not been invented yet，a small camera （65）was attached（attach） to one end of the stick．（66）With a small mirror in its front，users could see（67）how they would look in the photo．He patented（获专利） the"extender stick"in 1983．But the product turned out （68）to be （be） a commercial（69）failure（fail）．A research showed the women back then were embarrassed by the idea of taking pictures of themselves．The selfie stick was then reinvented by Wayne Fromm in 2000．Fromm believes he is the inventor of today's selfie sticks．When （70）asked （ask） about Hiroshi's selfie sticks，he said they were"Old-fashioned Art．"

0 137980 137988 137994 137998 138004 138006 138010 138016 138018 138024 138030 138034 138036 138040 138046 138048 138054 138058 138060 138064 138066 138070 138072 138074 138075 138076 138078 138079 138080 138082 138084 138088 138090 138094 138096 138100 138106 138108 138114 138118 138120 138124 138130 138136 138138 138144 138148 138150 138156 138160 138166 138174 151629

试题分类