题目内容

Enough sleep is important to health. The amount o f sleep needed depends on the age of the person and the conditions in which sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than the old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups.   Some can do with less than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. It is then a matter of good judgement to satisfy his need. Sleep should always be enough to make one bring back his strength and get ready for a day’s
work.
Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. It is not without reason for some people to think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. When one can keep himself warm, out-of-door sleeping probably gives the body its most complete relaxation(松弛). Ability to sleep is largely a habit . The conditions referred to only lead to sleep. Out-of-door exercises, a good habit of regular hours and the avoidance(避免) of late eating and worry, which are largely within the control of any person, are all helpful to sound sleep.
A bath at bedtime, neither hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep-producing drug(药）should never be taken except when suggested by a doctor.
小题1:How many hours are usually enough for the health of a pupil?
A．Less than eight hours. B．No more than eight hours.
C．Eight hours or so. D．No less than eight hours.
小题2: Which of the following is helpful to good sleep?
A．Keeping good habits.
B．Staying up late at night.
C．Eating something at bedtime.
D．Forming the habit of taking sleep-producing drug.
小题3: The amount of sleep a person needs has something to do with________.
A．his ageB．his height
C．his weightD．his character
小题4:Before going to bed, you’d better not_______.
A．take a bathB．do any housework
C．think a lotD．go out for relaxation
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Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Some people with autism(孤独症) have __小题1:___ experts with their outstanding memories, mathematical skills or musical talent. Now scientists have found that the genes thought to cause autism may also confer(给予) mathematical, musical and other skills on people without the condition.
The finding has _小题2:___ from a study of autism among 378 Cambridge University students, which found the condition was up to seven times more common among mathematicians than students in other fields.
If __小题3:__, it could explain why autism － a ___小题4:___that makes it hard to communicate with, and relate to, others ─ continues to exist in all types of society. It suggests the genes responsible are usually ___小题5:__, causing the disease only if present in the wrong combinations. “Our understanding of autism is undergoing a ___小题6:__,” said Professor Simon Baron-Cohen, director of the autism research centre at Cambridge, who led the study.
“It seems clear that genes play a significant role in the causes of autism and that those genes are also ___小题7:__ to certain intellectual skills.”
Scientists have long been interested by the apparent ___小题8:__ between autism and intellectual gifts in specific fields. This has made autism a hot topic in popular culture, from films such as Rain Man, which starred Dustin Hoffman and Tom Cruise, to books such as The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime.
Temple Grandin, 61, was diagnosed（诊断） with autism as a child and is now professor of animal sciences at Colorado State University. She said: “People with autism have played a vital role in human evolution and culture. Scientists such as Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein show every __小题9:___ of having been autistic. The world owes a great deal to those who design and programme computers, many of whom show autistic traits.”
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. ___小题1:___
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sickness. ___小题2:___ So they are called “disease of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noticed that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. __小题3:___ However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of day.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy product, and they made very little use of grains.
___小题4:___ We eat six times more salt than our ancestors(祖先). We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
___小题5:___ But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way as our ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
A．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.
B．People today probably don’t want to live the way people thousands of years ago did.
C．Ancient people also lived in large groups.
D．But today, we eat a lot of these.
E. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise.
F. In that case, they would live much healthier.
G. People today probably live the same life as people thousands of years ago did.
Dear Students,
Thank you for your interest in helping with the investigation into mumps(腮腺炎) at University of East Anglia(UEA).
Part 1: What will the oral fluid/saliva sample be tested for?
The oral fluid sample you provide will be tested for mumps antibodies and mumps virus. We will not be reporting results back to individual students. The information gathered will be used to guide public health control of mumps. We will update you via emailing the final outcome to acknowledge your contribution. If you think you have mumps, you will still need to see your GP as per routine.
Part 2: What is involved in the investigation?
(1) We will be contacting you by post to request two oral fluid/saliva samples a few weeks apart and possibly a third sample.
(2) We will contact your GP to collect information on your vaccination records.
What if you change your mind and what safeguards are in place?
Participation is voluntary.
You can withdraw anytime without having to give a reason. Withdrawal will not affect your routine care.
As a public health body, the HPA data collection role is strictly governed. All data will be collected and handled in accordance with strict medical confidences.
Part 3: What to do next if you would like to enroll?
All you have to do now is:
(1)Follow the instructions on the box with regards to taking an oral fluid/saliva swab(棉签).
(2)Complete the request form. If you are unable to complete the vaccination history section, you can leave it blank.
(3)Confirm your consent by signing below.
(4)Send everything (sample form, signed consent and swab sample) back in the prepaid envelope —a stamp is not required.
If you have any queries, please contact Dr. Chee Yung on 0208 327 7603.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
I consent to take part in the oral fluid/saliva investigation of mumps at UEA by the HPA.
Signature:           
Full name:           
Date:           
(   ) 小题1:. This passage is written mainly to         .
A．find the virus that leads to mumpsB．raise funds for HPA
C．guide public health control of mumpsD．encourage students to help investigate mumps
(   ) 小题2:. It can be inferred from the passage that GP refers to         .
A．parentB．doctorC．colleagueD．classmate
(   )小题3:. According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT that         .
A．all the students at University of East Anglia have to take part in the investigation
B．you don’t need to explain why you want to withdraw from the investigation
C．individual students will not be informed of the test results
D．your routine care will not be affected if you withdraw from the investigation
(   ) 小题4:.. The data of the investigation will be         .
A．sent to the GP by the HPAB．collected by individual students
C．managed according to strict medical confidencesD．strictly secret to the HPA
(   )小题5:. To enroll the investigation, you have to         .
A．complete the vaccination history section of the request form
B．send the sample form, the signed consent and the swab sample back at your own expense
C．do as the instructions on the box about how to take an oral fluid/saliva swab
D．contact Dr. Chee Yung on 0208 327 7603
A new walking, talking robot from Japan which has black hair and a woman’s face that can smile will attend a fashion show. It has trimmed down（减少）to 43kg, but it still hasn’t reached the safety standards required to share the catwalk with human models.
Developers at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, a government-backed organization, said their “cybernetic（全自动控制的）human” wasn’t ready to help with daily housework or work side by side with people—as many hope robots will be able to do in the future.
“In technology, it hasn’t reached that level,” said Hirohisa Hirukawa, one of the robot’s developers. “Even as a fashion model, people in the industry told us she was short and had a rather ordinary figure.”
For now, the 158 cm tall black-haired robot named HRP-4C—whose predecessor（前任）had weighed 58 kg — will mainly serve to draw and entertain crowds. Developers said the robot may be used in amusement parks or to perform human movement, as an exercise instructor, for instance.
HRP-4C was designed to look like an ordinary Japnese woman, although its silver-and-black body reminds people of a space suit. It will appear in a Tokyo fashion show — without any clothes — in a special part just for the robot next week.
The robotic framework（框架）for  HRP-4C, without the face and other coverings, will go on sale for about 20 million yen（日元） each. Its programming technology will be made public so other people can come up with fun moves for the robot, the scientists said.
Japan is one of the leading robotics industries in the world, and the government is pushing to develop the industry as a road to growth.
小题1:What do we know about HRP-4C’s predecessor?
A．It is shorter than HRP-4C .    B．It is cleverer than HRP-4C .
C．It is taller than HRP-4C .     D．It is heavier than HRP-4C .
小题2:According to the passage, how many of the following could HRP-4C do?
a． drawing pictures
b.  walking and talking
c.  doing housework
d.  working with people
e. smiling
A．2B．3C．4D．5
小题3:Which of the following about HRP-4C is TURE?
A．It wears a space suit.
B．Its price is 20 million dollars.
C．It can be used as an exercise instructor.
D．As a fashion model, it has a perfect figure.
小题4:HRP-4C’s programming technology will be made public to        .
A．make moneyB．make new frameworks
C．let other people improve itD．help make new face and coverings
小题5:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The purpose of making HRP-4C.    B．Robotics industry in Japan.      
C．A new Japanese robot.               D．Japanese and robots.
Have you ever been in a situation, where you felt uneasy because of something you think you may have forgotten to do or perhaps a feeling that you annoyed someone whom you wanted to get along with really well. If you have experienced such feelings and worse on a regular basis, then you most probably are a victim of anxiety attacks.
All of us, to some extent, have experienced anxiety at different levels. There are somethings you may know about anxiety, and some things that you may not be familiar with. So in order to be prepared for your unexpected feeling of anxiety, you need to get to know what anxiety is before it escalates into a panic attack.
Anxiety is simply the feeling of discomfort, uneasiness or fear of what may eventually happen resulting from an imagined, or a real threatening condition. On the extreme end panic attacks can occur due to heightened(增加) feelings of anxiety.
There are two main symptoms(症状) during an anxiety / panic attack and these are physical and emotional symptoms. Physical symptoms include difficulty in breathing, shaking, direct feeling of heat, rapid heartbeat and tiredness while emotional symptoms deal with worrying, depression, fear, and lack of focus.
In spite of the negative impression we have for anxiety, it is not dangerous in any way whatever. The feeling of anxiety is not bad, in fact it’s more of a defensive feeling which protects us from possible danger by engaging a response within us in fight or fight situations. So it’s not the “bad guy”, you just have to learn how to control it. Panic attacks, however, are far more dangerous and should be a concern to your health. Panic can sometimes result in blurred (模糊不清的) vision, difficulty in breathing due to a tight chest. The best way to different anxiety from any serious illness is to ask a medical expert for advice on a regular basis.
小题1:According to the passage, a panic attack is _______________.
A．as serious as an anxiety attackB．not so serious as an anxiety attack
C．resulted from an anxiety attackD．resulted in an anxiety attack
小题2: The underlined word “escalates” in the second paragraph means “_______________”.
A．happens suddenlyB．becomes more serious
C．mixes things togetherD．connects something with
小题3:A victim of anxiety attacks may have the symptoms that ______________.
A．he doesn’t want to have anything to eat
B．he has trouble in hearing and vision
C．he is always worried about others
D．he can’t pay attention to what he does
小题4:From the passage we can draw a conclusion that ______________.
A．an anxiety attack does good to usB．an anxiety attack does no harm to us
C．an anxiety attack is a serious illnessD．an anxiety attack is very dangerous
小题5: What is the best title for this passage?
A．Symptoms of Anxiety AttacksB．Ways of Getting Rid of Anxiety
C．Harm Caused by AnxietyD．Getting to know Anxiety
Are there fastest ways to lose weight? Yes, there are! This is no magic trick or miracle. It just needs sensible actions.
●Drink water
No, you don’t have to fill up like a tub, but ensure that you drink 8 to 10 glasses of water every day. Don’t substitute for juice. With adequate water intake your body will be able to metabolize（新陈代谢）fat more effectively. And if you have a glass of water 10-15 minutes before your meal, you will feel full once you start eating. Another fun fact, did you know that you can lose 62 calories by drinking ice cold water?
●Eat 5 times a day
Start with breakfast. The more you eat for breakfast, the less food you will want to eat at night. Please don’t skip this meal as you’ll end up swallowing everything in sight for the rest of the day. You don’t need to gobble up 5 large meals. Eat sensibly so your body doesn’t crave for food.
●Use weights
Needless to say, exercise is crucial to weight loss. You can’t expect to sit on the sofa all day, sip water and lose weight. Join a good gym that lets you work with weights. It will help you build muscle and your metabolism rate will increase. You’ll soon see the fat come off and in its place muscle will develop.
●Smaller bowls
It’s better to substitute the huge bowls you usually use for small ones – when food starts to fall off, you’ll know it’s enough. Try to get these new bowls in dark colors. Dark blue will be your best choice since it is the number one color that fights off the appetite. Avoid red/orange/yellow colors in your dining area – they are the ones making your appetite go sky high.
●Read between lines
Food and drink products are all out to get you. They scream “Buy me! Buy me!” They could be “fat free” but they could still have a lot of calories. You need to analyze the nutrition label on the cover. Find out what’s good for you and what isn’t. Knowing in advance can help you stay away from products that are calorie-enriched.
●Don’t punish yourself
Go easy on yourself at least one day in a week. If you begin to dislike your diet then there’s something wrong. Find a diet that suits your body type and your lifestyle.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．If you are on a diet, you should always keep to your diet.
B．Use smaller bowls can help you eat less food.
C．Skipping breakfast is not a wise way to lose weight.
D．Reading the nutrition label on drink and food products is helpful.
小题2:If you are going to run a restaurant, which colors will you choose to paint the dining area?
A．black and yellowB．gray and white
C．red and orangeD．blue and purple
小题3: Which of the following belongs to “weights” mentioned in the text?
A．beamB．shotC．barbellD．badminton
小题4:In order to lose weight quickly, you can do the following except_____.
A．drinking juice instead of water
B．working with weights to build muscle
C．buying products that are not calorie-enriched
D．eating proper amount of food
There are many commonly held beliefs about eyeglasses and eyesight that are not proved facts. For example, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weaken the eyes. But there is nothing to show that the structure (结构) of eyes is changed by wearing galsses at a young age. Wearing the wrong galsses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that only children can develop loss of sihgt if they have the wrong glasses. We have all heard some of the common myths(荒诞的说法)about how eyesight get bad. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained (过劳). Eyestrain also resulsts from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. But, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not harm eyesight all the time. Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced from one person to another . It is quite difficult to connect aneyeball to a new brain.And it is impossible to replace a whole eyeball to a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced now. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day it may be possible to replace a full eyeball.
小题1:
One cause of eyestrain mentioned in the passage is ____.        .
A．wearing eyeglasses too long B．going to the cinemas
C．reading a lotD．not visiting your eye doctor
小题2:
.From this passage one can conclude that    ____.   .
A．doctors are still learning things about eyesightB．headcaches are usually caused by eyestain
C．people should wear glasses as soon as possibleD．people only believe things that are proved facts
小题3:
"Commonly held beliefs" are ____.       .
A．ideas that only low class people believeB．ideas that moet people believe
C．beliefs that have something in commonD．foolish beliefs
小题4:
This passage mainly tells us that ____.
A．people have many wrong beliefs about eyes and sight.
B．there are many things about the body that are not completely understood
C．there are several cuases of eyestrain
D．eyes are very important to people
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.
　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.
　　Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
小题1:According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.
A．is suitable for losing weightB．should be only fruits and vegetables
C．normally contains enough vitaminsD．is often difficult to arrange
小题2:What do we know about the disease beri-beri?
A．It killed large numbers of people.B．It resulted from lack of vitamins.
C．It was transmitted by milled rice.D．It was caused by diseased chickens.
小题3:What can be the best title of the passage?
A．A Good Mixed Diet　　　　　　 B．New Discovery
C．The Dangers of Beri-beri　　　　 D．The Importance of Vitamins

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