题目内容

HOW many of you have used rock, paper, scissors (RPS) as a “fair” way to settle something? If you think it is a game of chance, think again, according to scientists.

RPS is a game as popular in the East as it is in the West. The rules are the same: Two players make one of the three hand signs. To decide the winner, rock breaks scissors, scissors cut paper, and paper covers rock.

Many of us play with no game plan in mind. But researchers have worked out several winning patterns. The World Rock Paper Scissors Society holds tournaments (联赛) in Toronto, Canada. According to their data, players choose rock (35.4 percent) and paper (35 percent) more than scissors (29.6 percent).

If your opponent is a man or an angry person, it’s quite possible they will start the game with rock, researchers have found. If your opponent is a woman or a beginner, you should expect them to start with scissors.

Earlier this year, Chinese scientists asked 360 students to compete in a RPS tournament at Zhejiang University. Scientists found that winners tend to choose the same action they won with, while the loser tends to change to the next action in the order of rock, scissors, paper. This is called the “win-stay lose-change” strategy(策略). Humans use this strategy in many competitive situations.

Expert RPS players have many other techniques. Monica Martinez, 2008 winner of the World RPS Tournament, said that she read faces.“I didn’t worry about what I was going to do, I just did what I thought they were going to do,” she told The Telegraph. If your friends are similar experts, learn from Jonathan Monaco, winner of the 2009 USA RPS Tournament. He wears dark sunglasses to cover his expressions during the game.

Remember, the strategy for playing RPS depends on how skilled your opponent is. But if you’re looking for a quick, simple winning rule for a match, choose paper. Scissors is the least popular choice, and men favor rock. Both are reasons to choose paper.

1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The popularity of RPS games around the world.

B. The general rules of RPS games.

C. A game plan for RPS games.

D. The fairness of RPS games.

2.According to the article, researchers worked out some winning patterns for RPS games mainly by _______.

A. studying the rules of the game

B. analyzing game data

C. interviewing expert players

D. organizing major tournaments

3.Which of the following statements about Monica Martinez is TRUE according to the article?

A. She likes to use the same actions many times in a row when playing the game.

B. She usually follows the order of rock, scissors and paper when playing the game.

C. She is good at reading her opponent’s moves when playing the game.

D. She often wears dark sunglasses when playing the game.

4.We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.

A. scissors is the most popular choice of skilled RPS players

B. paper is a safer choice than rock and scissors for RPS players

C. beginners have barely any chance of winning against skilled RPS players

D. men are usually better at RPS games than women

 

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：还认为石头、剪子、布是孩子们玩的游戏吗？该换换脑筋啦。石头剪子布也有很多技巧。

1.主旨大意题。根据RPS is a game as popular in the East as it is in the West. The rules are the same: 得知本段主要讲石头剪子布的规则，选B。

2.细节理解题。根据But researchers have worked out several winning patterns. The World Rock Paper Scissors Society holds tournaments (联赛) in Toronto, Canada. According to their data, players choose rock (35.4 percent) and paper (35 percent) more than scissors (29.6 percent).研究人员通过分析数据算出一些获胜模式。选B。

3.细节理解题。根据Monica Martinez, 2008 winner of the World RPS Tournament, said that she read faces.。Monica Martinez,擅长观察对手。选C。

4.推理判断题。根据But if you’re looking for a quick, simple winning rule for a match, choose paper. Scissors is the least popular choice, and men favor rock. Both are reasons to choose paper.得知布是比较安全的选择。选B。

考点：科研类文章

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单词拼写（共10题；每题1分，满分10分）

根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。

1.His mother is _______about his future and happiness. (对……担心)

2.The father was_________about the son's bad performance at school（心烦意乱的）

3.Although many Americans move a lot, they still ___________(辨认出) and understand each other’s dialects.

4.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then me to buy one. （劝服）

5.After from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. （毕业）

6.She insisted that she the trip properly. （组织）

7.The of the people was extreme. （痛苦）

8.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the . （废墟）

9.She is very________(可靠的)and I knew I didn’t need to encourage her.

10.People began to wonder how long the________ ( 灾难 )would last.

 

—We’d better hold the old customers first.

—Absolutely. ______.

A. That’s not the point B. It depends

C. I couldn’t agree more D. It doesn’t matter

 

Do you know what Street Sense is? It’s a newspaper in Washington D.C. about homeless people and problems that affect them. Homeless, or formerly homeless, Washingtonians write many of the articles. The newspaper’s business model is based on homeless sellers who sell the newspaper. You can hear them call out “Street Sense for sale!” near subway entrances, lunch places and other areas around the city.

The Street Sense newspaper is housed in an office in a Christian church in Washington. Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed. The newspaper expresses the thoughts and experiences of people who call the streets home.

Four staff members work at Street Sense and two of them are paid. The staff members write the first two pages of the paper. Interns--students working as part of their studies--and volunteers help. Homeless writers provide the rest of the material. This includes poems, stories and essays.

Street Sense provides training for the homeless people who want to become part of the sales team. After the training, each student is given ten free copies of Street Sense. Once those are sold, trainees become real salespeople. They buy papers for thirty-five cents each and sell them for a dollar.

Lisa Gillespie is the managing editor of Street Sense, She says the newspaper plays a part in homeless people’s lives that other media can not. With the help of the newspaper, a lot of homeless people have become confident again, and their lives have also been improved a lot.

1.What does the writer mainly tell us in Paragraph 1?

A. Something about the Street Sense.

B. Homeless people in Washington D.C.

C. How Street Sense solves homeless people’s problems.

D. Where you can buy Street Sense.

2.How often is Street Sense printed?

A. Once a week B. Twice a week

C. Every two weeks D. three times a month

3.What do the staff members mainly do at Street Sense?

A. They sell newspapers along the street.

B. They write the first two pages of the paper.

C. They edit the newspaper after they receive articles.

D. They provide the last two pages of the paper.

4.What can we infer from this passage?

A. If you are one of the trainees of Street sense, you can get ten dollars from selling all of your newspapers.

B. There are too many homeless people in Washington D.C. for the government to help.

C. Most articles of Street Sense are about Washingtonians’ lives.

D. If you become real salespeople of Street Sense, you can get thirty-five cents from a copy of the newspaper.

 

 

1.The scientists _______ __________ _______ (担心) the warming of the earth.

2.How many vehicles ______ _______ _______(涉及到;卷入) the crash last night ?

3.It was the sense of failure that made Lining ________ ______(下决心) succeed in his new life.

4.You should ________ ________ _________ .(履行职责)

5.I have read the material several times but it doesn’t _____ ___ ___(有意义;说得通) to me.

6.Having fun meant eating, drinking and_______ ________.(穿上盛装)

7.Any change in lifestyle will ______ _______ ______ _______ (对有影响) your health.

8.In some languages, 100 words ______ ______ ( 组成) half of all words used in daily conversations.

9.Though they are twins, they have little _____ ______.(有共同之处)

10.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ______ are family members.

 

完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

I live in a big city. It is noisy and dirty and I always feel very______. At the weekends, I like to leave the city and get some ______air and have a good rest. A few weeks ago, I decided_____ to see my_______ .I was really looking forward to ________ them as soon as possible.

My parents live a long way away. I went to see them with James, a friend of________. And we drove there_______ Friday night. In the middle of the road it began to rain.

The roads became very wet and it was difficult to________. We _____ home just after midnight, feeling very tired. The next morning it was still______. James took his car to a garage(汽车修理厂) ________ was very good.

In the afternoon the_______ got better. We wanted to go for a drive. My parents______ us their car.But their car was not very good. It didn’t______on the way.How _______ we were! We had to call up the garage. “Oh”, they said, “your car won’t ______ until tomorrow.” So it wasn’t ______for us to go for drive. We had to stay at my parents’ home all day. On Sunday my mother ______ a heavy box on her foot and we had to hire(雇佣) a taxi _____ her to hospital. When James and I drove back home on Sunday afternoon, we got stuck in a car accident. Oh, my God! Next time if I want a rest, I will stay in the_____.

1.A. exhausted B. energetic C. amazed D. happy

2.A. cold B. dry C. fresh D. cool

3.A. to go B. going C. gone D. to be going

4.A. comrades B. friends C. neighbors D. parents

5.A. to meet B. met C. meeting D. being met

6.A. mine B. I C. my D. me

7.A. in B. at C. to D. on

8.A. ride B. drive C. walk D. run

9.A. arrived at B. arrived C. got to D. arrived in

10.A.blowing B. snowing C. raining D. shining

11.A. that B. where C. whose D. who

12.A. sky B. earth C. water D. weather

13.A. lent B. borrowed C. sold D. bought

14.A. move B. run C. work D. start

15.A. lucky B. amused C. unlucky D. pleased

16.A. be repaired B. repaired C. been repairing D. repair

17.A. easy B. possible C. necessary D. right

18.A. put B. threw C. dropped D. fell

19.A. to bring B. to take C. bring D. take

20.A. country B. city C. mountain D. village

 

第三节 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出单词的正确形式。(每小题1分，满分15分)

1.The English novel has been__________ (简化) to make it easier to read.

2.In my opinion, there are many________(明显的) advantages to a five-day week.

3.More than half the staff are______(临时的).

4.The library contains many popular ______（参考）books which you can refer to.

5.When _______（compare） different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

6.The boy was______(感激的) that his teacher didn’t tell his parents what happened at school.

7.What makes you think that you are ________(qualify) for this job?

8.It is very_________ (satisfy) to know that the project was a success.

9.All students, without______(例外)，must take the English examination.

10.He was too shocked to give an___________ (描述) of what had happened.

11.About 300 papers were________（提交） at the conference. It was really out of our expectation.

12.The crowd ___________(恐慌；惊慌失措) at the sound of the gunfire.

13.She had already__________(确定；确立) a reputation as a writer.

14.She________(相似) her mother in character but not in appearance.

15.This store has an excellent_______(声誉) for fair dealing.

 

Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.

During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.

He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.

Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.

My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents（文件）. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.

That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.

1. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?

A. Go shopping B. Take his family

C. Join his family D. Find a house

2. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.

A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman

C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney

3..What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Showed B. Gave back

C. Delivered D. Sent out

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Turning Trash to Treasure.. B. Living in a New Country.

C. From India to Australia D. In Search of New Friends.

 

 

1.我们正期待着找到失联客机。（look forward to）

2.这个房子是由木头制成的。（be made of）

3.自从他在这个公司上班以来已经十年了。(since)

4.我宁可走路也不骑自行车去那儿。 （would rather…than）

5.天气如此好，以至于我想出去散步。 （so…that…）

6.那是我第二次看见他。

7.我们的老师很耐心。

8.上周我参加了一个活动。

9.汤姆已经取得了很大的进步。

10.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。

 

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