Decision-thinking is not unlike poker-it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.

The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular , he showed that all games fall into two classes : there are what he called games of “ perfect information ” , games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks : they don’t win by chance , but by means of logic and skills . Then there are games of “imperfect information”, like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of “perfect information”. Quite the reverse, business, polities, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors, which would even puzzle the best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.

1.The subject discussed in this text is __________.

A. the process of reaching decisions

B. the difference between poker and chess.

C. the secret of making good business plans

D. the value of information in winning games

2.An important factor in a game of imperfect information is __________.

A. rules B. luck C. time D. ideas

3.Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse ” in Paragraph 3 ?

A. Quite right. B. True enough.

C. Most unlikely. D. Just the opposite.

4.In the writer’s opinion, when making business decisions one should _________.

A. put perfect information before imperfect information

B. accept the existence of unknown factors

C. regard business as a game of chess

D. mix known and unknown factors

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Guide to Stockholm University Library Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment．

Zones

The library is divided into different zones．The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer．The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs．The ground floor is the zone where you can talk．Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work．

Computers

You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers, you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office．They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor．

Group-study places

If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor．Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people．All rooms are marked on the library maps．

There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website．To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card．You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week．

Storage of Study Material

The library has lockers for students to store course literature．When you have obtained at least 40 credits(学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period．

Rules to be Followed

Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library．Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls．

Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you．

1.The library’s upper floor is mainly for students to________．

A．read in a quiet place

B．have group discussions

C．take comfortable seats

D．get their computers fixed

2.Library computers on the ground floor________．

A．help students with their field experiments

B．are for those who want to access the wi-fi

C．contain software necessary for schoolwork

D．are mostly used for filling out application forms

3.What condition should be met to book a group-study room?

A．Group must consist of 8 people．

B．One should have an active University account．

C．Three-hour use per day is the minimum．

D．Applicants must mark the room on the map．

4.A student can rent a locker in the library if he________．

A．has earned the required credits

B．attends certain course

C．has nowhere to put his books

D．can afford the rental fee

5.What should NOT be brought into the library？

A．Mobile phones

B．Orange juice

C．Candy

D．Sandwiches

The difficulty lies in ________ they will come to our help immediately.

A. whether B. that C. if D. which

完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Lyse Doucet lives a happy life in Chicago. But recently there is some difficulty for her and her family. She and her husband have each other’s parents and young daughter and for that they are . But she and her husband are both currently . And their car is in great need of . And then there is the matter of their second child, who is soon. So things are a little tense for the Doucet family these days.

When Lyse and her daughter were walking through a store lot recently, Lyse picked up an envelop from the ground that $4,000 in cash. There were a _of different explanations that could be considered. Was this a kind of good ? Could it be an attempt by the universe to balance everything? Could it be simply a gift from God? Lyse didn’t know. The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope to someone else. Oh, and one other thing she knew was that her young daughter was . “My kid was standing right there I found it,” Lyse told WLS-TV in Chicago. “So basically I wanted to teach my daughter how to be . And for me that was enough.”

Never mind the bills that were , or the car that needed to be fixed, or the baby that would come soon. When she the money over to the police she was told that there was actually nothing illegal if she it.

The police were able to return the money to the person who it-- an old woman. And one can imagine the joy and she felt when the police handed the lost envelop back to her. “She came to my house and she was almost in tears, me,” Lyse said. “She gave me a hug and an envelope with a small in it. But what was in it wasn’t . What mattered was the opportunity to teach my daughter honesty.”

1.A. restricted B. upset C. grateful D. sensitive

2.A. appreciated B. unemployed C. disappointed D. removed

3.A. cash B. protection C. sale D. repair

4.A. sick B. due C. desperate D. dull

5.A. gathering B. begging C. cleaning D. parking

6.A. contained B. involved C. charged D. paid

7.A. handful B. deal C. number D. flood

8.A. expense B. luck C. hope D. prize

9.A. belonged B. reacted C. pointed D. responded

10.A. urging B. affecting C. laughing D. watching

11.A. before B. when C. because D. though

12.A. ripe B. loyal C. honest D. humorous

13.A. passing by B. giving away C. showing off D. piling up

14.A. turned B. watched C. got D. collected

15.A. checked B. made C. kept D. promoted

16.A. sent B. lost C. disliked D. generated

17.A. relief B. anxiety C. tension D. respect

18.A. comforting B. congratulatingC. thanking D. offending

19.A. option B. present C. envelope D. amount

20.A. important B. serious C. sufficient D. efficient

Chinese company iQiyi has grown into one of the country’s biggest video websites. Popular TV series like The Journey of Flower and The lost Tomb broadcast on the website have ________huge audiences, adolescents in particular .

A. taken to B. caught on C. applied to D. appealed to

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入恰当的内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated 1. Southeast Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice 2. (be) his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great 3. for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a 4. (disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping grows 5. is called super hybrid rice, making 6. possible to increase rice harvest without 7. (expand) the area of the field. Yuan Longping has been considered the first agricultural pioneer in the world 8. (grow) rice that has a high output. 9. to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world 10. hunger.

语法填空（阅读下面材料，在空白处填入所需的内容或括号内单词的正确形式，不多于3个单词

John Snow was a well-known physician in London. At that time, cholera was 1. deadly disease and thousands of people died of it. People didn’t know its cause or its 2. . John Snow determined to face the 3. and solve the problem. 4. another outbreak hit London in 1854, he gathered information and made a map, 5. (mark) the exact places where all the dead people had lived. Through further investigations, he discovered that the water was to 6. , because it was polluted by the dirty water from London. 7. supporting evidence, John Snow announced that polluted water carried the germs. To prevent this from 8. again, John suggested that the source of all the water supplies 9. (examine) and new methods of 10. (处理) polluted water be found. Thus cholera was defeated in the end.

Like lots of other girls and boys，when Lisa Cao was a kid，she used to watch the Olympics. “I always wanted to be good at sport and I found athletic potential in my body”， the New York City citizen tells her friends. But there was no sport available so she took up piano lessons. Then，at the age of 15，she decided to drop the lessons and put her athletic potential to the test with running. At age 18，Lisa Cao ran her first-ever marathon in New York City. And now，the 27-year-old has 54 marathons 26. miles) and ultramarathons (100 miles) under her belt.

What does it take to be an ultramarathoner? A lot of devotion，even when difficulties occur sometimes. “Making time for running is really hard when life is so busy，” she says. “There’s a big work-life balance that I have to keep. I have to wake up earlier on the weekends. And oh，the potential for excuses! With NYC’s wild winters as of late，it’s easy to blame the weather，roll over in bed and put off a solid run. I have a fix for this，though，” she says. “Cute clothes. With the horrible weather， I bought cute clothes as motivation to run and actually wear them. ”

While she’s training during low season in the winter，Lisa Cao tries to run a “base” of 20 to 30 miles per week to stay prepared. During high season in the spring and summer，she’ll run around 30 to 40 miles，but she also gets a lot of quality miles from her races.

1.When did Lisa Cao run her first marathon?

A. At the age of 27.

B. When she was 15 years old.

C. Three years after she began running.

D. Nine years after she dropped her piano lessons.

2.What made Lisa Cao have the desire of joining in sports?

A.Being different from other kids of her age.

B.Wanting to join in the Olympics.

C. Having no interest in piano lessons.

D. Having athletic potential.

3.Why does Lisa Cao buy beautiful clothes in terrible weather?

A. To have a better sleep.

B. To motivate herself to keep running.

C. To protect herself from any harm.

D. To save time for further training.

4.Where is the text probably taken from?

A. A sport website

B. A science book.

C. A college poster

D. A football magazine.

The Best Time to Visit Sydney

If you prefer the cold to heat, especially if seeking to escape the northern summer, the best time to visit Sydney could be in the Australian winter from June 1 to August 31.

The Sydney winter isn’t really harsh and the weather’s generally pleasant. It’s great for touring the city on foot and for bushwalking. And the ski slopes are not too far away.

Holiday time

You get the Queen’s Birthday holiday weekend in June and the school holidays in July. Aside from within those periods, accommodation costs in the city will generally be lower.

Winter weather

Expect generally cool conditions. The average temperature should range from around 8°C (46°F) at night to 16°C (61°F) in the daytime in mid-winter. Expect from 80mm to 131mm of rainin a month, with the most rain in June tapering into August.

Winter accommodation

Outside of the holiday periods, Sydney accommodation will usually be available and should be relatively cheaper.

Winter activities

The weather’s fine for a walking tour of Sydney. Visit The Rocks, the Sydney Opera House, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Australian Museum, Hyde Park, Chinatown, Darling Harbour.

Go on a harbor cruise. At the very least, take a Sydney ferry and cross the harbor to Manly.

Take a daytrip north, south and west of Sydney.

Spot the whales as they travel north in the whale migration season.

Go bushwalking at the Royal National Park.

1. Considering weather and accommodation, the best time to visit Sydney is in ________.

A. June B. July C. August D. December

2. Which of the following activities is NOT recommended in the passage?

A. Going skiing near Sydney.

B. Hunting whales in the Royal Botanic Gardens.

C. Touring Sydney on foot.

D. Bushwalking at the Royal National Park.

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