题目内容
【题目】 A child who suffers bullying(霸凌) usually has low self-esteem and their ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened. Therefore, bullying must be stopped.
The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they raise their children at home. Of course, this is much easier said than done and everyone raises their children differently. Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence. Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies’ lives and there seems to be little warmth.
Early intervention (干预) is truly the best way to stop bullying, but parents of the victims or therapists(治疗师) can’t alter the bully’s home environment. Some things can be done at the school level, however. Most school programs that address bullying apply a multi-faceted(多层面的) method to the problem.
Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring. Define exactly what constitutes(构成) bullying at school. The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking. It is a good way to start to solve the problem.
Get the children’s parents involved in a bullying program. If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective. Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone’s part. Bullying also should be discussed during parent-teacher conferences and PTA meetings. Parental awareness is the key.
In the classroom setting, all teachers should work with the students on bullying. Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying. Children understand modeling behaviors and role-play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool. Have students role-play a bullying situation.
【1】In the author’s opinion, bullies usually _____________.
A.have extremely high self-esteem
B.know little of the harm of violence
C.look forward to parental involvement
D.experience or witness violence at home
【2】What does the underlined word “alter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.understandB.change
C.removeD.approach
【3】Paragraph 5 suggests that it’s important to ______________.
A.make a punishment program effective
B.let parents know their children are bullies
C.find the key to improving security at school
D.make parents conscious of bullying at school
【4】What is the passage mainly about?
A.How to stop bullying in school.B.What leads to violence in schools.
C.What parents can do to stop bullying.D.How to comfort those who are bullied.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】B
【3】D
【4】A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了霸凌现象出现的原因以及解决方法。
【1】推理判断题。根据第二段中的Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence.可知，然而，霸凌者来自使用体罚的家庭，孩子们被教导说，体罚是处理问题和“为所欲为”的方式。霸凌者通常也来自父母经常打架的家庭，所以孩子们就以这种暴力为榜样。故选D。
【2】词义猜测题。上文提到霸凌者主要是受到家庭的影响，但是受害者的父母和治疗师是不能改变霸凌者的家庭环境的。由此可以推断划线词的意思是改变。故选B。
【3】推理判断题。根据第五段中的If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective.以及Parental awareness is the key.可知，父母的意识是最重要的，故选D。
【4】主旨大意题。本文主要是向大家分析了霸凌现象出现的原因，以及如何解决这个问题，文章第一段就出现了Therefore.bullying must be stopped.表明霸凌必须被制止的观点，下文又具体说明应该如何做，所以这篇文章的大意就是如何去制止霸凌现象。故选A。
主旨大意题解题技巧：
位于文首：一般而言，以演绎法去撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题做具体的陈述。
位于文中： 有些文章是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句话综合或概括形的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后在围绕主题展开对有关问题的讨论。
位于文末：有些文章会在开头列举事实，然后通过论证阐述核心论点。
首尾呼应：主题句在文章的开头和结尾两个位置上先后的弧线，形成前后呼应的格局。
第四小题考查本文的主旨大意，在文章的第一段就出现了Therefore, bullying must be stopped.这个句子，表明了霸凌必须被制止的观点，下文又具体说明应该如何做，所以这篇文章的大意就是如何去制止霸凌现象。所以选A。
