Question

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists are beginning to understand that sitting down for long hours can be very bad for your health. One of the reasons for this is that poor posture (姿势) leads 【1】health problems. Here are some suggestions to help improve your posture and your health.

Sitting with poor posture can bring about serious back pain that doesn't go away. Many people believe that they should sit with their backs straight at a 90 degree angle to the floor, 【2】scientists have recently discovered that this actually causes more stress on the body. They find that sitting with the back slightly reclined (斜倚) at a 135 degree angle is the 【3】(healthy) posture, where the back muscles are relaxed and the spine (脊柱) is at 【4】natural resting position.

Many people bend their necks forward to look at a screen or read a book while sitting, 【5】develops constant neck pain. The lower neck muscles need to work very hard to support the 【6】(weigh) of the head. The bones in the spine can slide forward, 【7】 (cause) a great deal of neck pain.【8】 (avoid) this problem, you should try to look at the top part of a computer screen when working at a desk. Your elbows should be at the side and your feet should be flat on the floor.

You should also try to 【9】(regular) stop work and do some exercises. Put your hands behind your back and bring your chest forward slowly. Take a deep breath and relax. Finally, you can try to buy a special kind of chair that 【10】(make)to improve sitting posture.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】to

【2】but/yet

【3】healthiest

【4】a

【5】which

【6】weight

【7】causing

【8】To avoid

【9】regularly

【10】is made

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章给读者介绍了几种改变坐姿和改善健康的方法。

【1】考查介词。此处考查短语lead to“导致”，故填to。

【2】考查连词。句意：很多人认为他们坐着时应和地面保持90度的角，但是科学家最近发现，这样坐会给身体造成更多的压力。结合句意可知，前后文是转折关系，故填but/yet。

【3】考查形容词最高级。句意：他们发现坐着时背稍微倾斜，形成135度角才是最健康的姿势，在这种姿势下，背部肌肉是放松的，并且脊柱也处于一个自然的休息位置。结合句意可知，此处应用healthy的最高级形式修饰名词posture，故填healthiest。

【4】考查冠词。句意：同上。结合句意可知，此处意为“一个自然的休息位置”，是泛指，应用不定冠词，又natural是辅音音素开头，故填a。

【5】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是前面的整个句子，它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词引导，故填which。

【6】考查名词。此处应填名词作为support的宾语，故填weight。

【7】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词作状语，而此处是指自然而然的结果，故应用现在分词作状语，故填causing。

【8】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这个问题，在使用桌边工作时，你应该尽量看电脑屏幕的顶部。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式表目的，故填To avoid。

【9】考查副词。此处应填副词修饰动词stop，故填regularly。

【10】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据前文的can判断为一般现在，主语that指代前文的chair，是第三人称单数，且和make之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is made。

第5小题考查定语从句关系词

确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：

1. 找出先行词：Many people bend their necks forward to look at a screen or read a book while sitting

2. 分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词在从句__5___develops constant neck pain中充当主语，应用关系代词

3. 考虑特殊情况：非限制性定语从句中不能使用that

故填which。