题目内容

【题目】Ben, at the age of 23 ,was the youngest man to ski solo to the North Pole. He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge (雪橇) over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions. This year, Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge.

Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure. “Everything that could go wrong did go wrong. We didn’tget to the Pole, so we had no media interest. No one heard about it.”

“People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole. I said, “No, I can get there,” and I did. Self-belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle — it'smy belief that the more you stretch yourself the stronger it gets. If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker. So that's one of the lessons I’ve figured out along the way.

“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me. If I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn’tbe interested." Why? “Personally I'mattracted by the human performance element to it. Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldnt be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one."

Peoples horizons are changing. “I'mnot particularly gifted. I’ve just chosen this one goal to achieve and I’ve been working hard to realize it. And thats the thing that attracts me: with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go? And I dont think I've found out yet.”

1What do we know about Ben Saunders’ first adventure?

A. It was ruined by his company.

B. There was no press coverage.

C. It was well planned and organized.

D. He actually reached the North Pole.

2According to Ben Saunders, if you want to stretch your self-belief, you should______.

A. often test your confidence

B. try something adventurous

C. aim to reach the North Pole

D. always stretch your muscles

3Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure because_______.

A. he liked running a marathon

B. he wanted to exercise his body

C. he knew it might be achievable

D. he was sure he could do it easily

4What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. We have to change our views about adventure.

B. We can never know our possibilities and energies.

C. We should have a reason for going on an adventure.

D. We have to be especially talented to have an adventure.

【答案】My Antarctic adventure is just practicable, C选项 he knew it might be achievable

【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了23岁最年轻的极地探险家 Ben Saunders。Ben Saunders认为如果想增强自我信念,就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。否则我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。

1细节理解题。由第二段中的we didn't get there,so we had no media interest 可知,在 Ben Saunders 的第一次北极探险中,由于他们没有到达北极,所以没有引起媒体的关注。故选B。

2推理判断题。由第三段中的If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker 可知,Ben Saunders认为如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情,那么你的自我信念就会变弱,因此,如果想增强自我信念,就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。故选B。

3细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的 My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me 可知,令 Ben Saunders感到兴奋的是他的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的。故选C。

4推理判断题。由最后一段中的with enough training and enough determination,enough focus and preparation,how far can we go? And I dont think I've found out yet可知,我们永远不会知道我们能走多远,我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。故选A。

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【题目】It’s generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulee latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.

It’s undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why should we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.

Moreover, we don’t just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character — we infer characters that weren’t there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn’t. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.

Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance(符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut’s advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”

1According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to _________.

A. determine one’s behavior

B. reflect one’s taste

C. influence one’s surroundings

D. result from one’s habits

2Which of the following would Daryl Bern most probably agree with?

A. A kind person will offer his seat to the old.

B. One buys latte out of true love of coffee.

C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.

D. The return of a wallet can indicate one’s honesty.

3What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?

A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions.

B. We can be influenced by outside pressures.

C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires.

D. Our characters can shape our social relationships.

4What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?

A. Personalities and attitudes. B. Preferences and habits.

C. Behavior and personalities. D. Attitudes and preferences.

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