题目内容
【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。
High-quality books on traditional Chinese culture are being brought back, 【1】(judge) from the results of the 12th annual Wenjin Awards, China's national-level comprehensive book award to encourage public reading.
The results were announced on the World Book and Copyright Day. Awards from the National Library of China were given to 10 winning books from about 80 finalists 【2】(choose) by 14 top librarians and scholars. Before that, several rounds of selection had been carried out among a field of 1, 800 books 【3】were published in China last year.
The award has three categories: humanities, popular sciences and children’s books. Half the winners this year dealt with different 【4】(aspect) of traditional Chinese culture. The mixing of social and physical sciences was a trend, and the winning children’s books were 【5】(suit) for adult readers too.
“Many good children's books 【6】(introduce) into China from other countries in recent years. They helped broaden people's horizons and inspired 【7】(we)writing,” said Yu Hongcheng, author of the award-winning Dishes on Plate. “ However, 【8】worries me that Chinese children may not have enough self-confidence from a cultural viewpoint when exposed to a market【9】( main) filled with translations.” That concern encouraged her to create the picture book, which focuses 【10】 Chinese agricultural culture- starting with rice, a foundation of Chinese cuisine.
【答案】
【1】judging
【2】chosen
【3】that/which
【4】aspects
【5】suitable
【6】have been introduced
【7】our
【8】it
【9】mainly
【10】on/upon
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。从第十二届文津图书奖的结果看，关于中国传统文化的高质量的图书越来越多。今年一半的获奖者都写的是不同方面的中国传统文化，社会学和物理学的混合也成了一种趋势。
【1】考查现在分词作状语。句意：从第十二届文津图书奖的结果看，关于中国传统文化的高质量的图书越来越多。根据句意，这个结论是我们从第十二届文津图书奖的结果角度来看的，所以我们与judge之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填judging。
【2】考查过去分词作定语。句意：中国国家图书馆的奖被授予从80个最后入围作品中选出来的10本获奖的书，这80个入围作品是被14个图书馆馆长和学者选出来的。80 finalists与choose之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填chosen。
【3】考查定语从句。句意：在那之前，已经在去年中国出版的1800图书中进行了几次筛选。这是一个定语从句，先行词为books，指物，并且先行词在从句中作主语，所以关系词使用that或which。故填that/which。
【4】考查名词的数。句意：今年一半的获奖者涉及的是中国传统文化的不同方面。Aspect意为“方面”，为可数名词，因为其前有different（不同的）修饰，所以空格处填名词的复数形式。故填aspects。
【5】考查形容词。句意：社会科学和物理科学的融合是一种趋势，并且获奖的儿童类图书也是适合成人读者读的。空格处单词位于be动词后作表语，所以应使用形容词。“suit（适合）”的形容词为suitable（适合的），故填suitable。
【6】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：近几年很多好的儿童书被从其它国家引进到中国。根据句中的“in recent years（在最近的几年内）”可知，这句话应用现在完成时。根据句意，句子主语Many good children’s books与introduce之间是被动关系，所以这句话应用被动语态。句子主语使用的名词的复数，表达复数意义，所以谓语动词也应使用相应的复数形式。故填have been introduced。
【7】考查物主代词。句意：它们开阔了我们的视野，鼓舞了我们的写作。空格处单词位于动词后，名词性质的词前，括号内给出的是人称代词，所以空格处填物主代词形式。故填our。
【8】考查主语从句。句意：然而，让我担心的是，当置身于主要是翻译作品的市场中时，中国的孩子没有足够的文化角度的自信。这是一个主语从句，真正的主语是that Chinese children may not have enough self-confidenc…从句，所以空格处应填形式主语，故填it。
【9】考查副词。句意同上。空格处单词修饰动词filled，所以使用副词形式。故填mainly。
【10】考查介词。句意：这个担心鼓励她创造这本图画水，这本书主要集中于中国农业文化---从中国烹饪的基石米开始。“集中于……”应翻译为focus on/upon…，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。
新非凡教辅冲刺100分系列答案【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
The Age of Envy: How to Be Happy When Everyone Else's Life Looks Perfect
We live in the age of envy. Career envy, kitchen envy, children envy, food envy, upper ay envy, holiday envy. You name it, there's an envy for it. Human beings have always felt what Aristotle defined in the 4th century BC as pain at the sight of another's good fortune, stirred by the feeling of 'those who have what we ought to have'.
But with social media, says Ethan Kross, professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, 'envy is being taken to an extreme. ' We are constantly bombarded by 'photoshopped lives, ' he says, 'and that exerts a toll on us the likes of which we have never experienced in the history of our species. '
Clinical psychological Rachel Andrew says she is seeing more and more envy in her consulting room, from people who 'can't achieve the lifestyle they want but which they see others have. ' Our use of platforms including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat, she says, amplifies (放大) this deeply disturbing psychological discord (失调), 'I think what social media has done is make everyone accessible for comparison, ' she explains. 'In the past, people might have just envied their neighbors, but now we can compare ourselves with everyone across the world. '
And those comparisons are now much less realistic. Andrew has observed among her patients that knowing they are looking at an edited version of reality is no defense against the emotional force of envy. 'What I notice is that most of us can intellectualize what we see on social media platforms—we know that these images and narratives that are presented aren't real, we can talk about it and rationalize it—but on an emotional level, it's still pushing buttons. If those images or narratives tap into what we aspire to, but what we don't have, then it becomes very powerful. '
According to Dryden, a cognitive behavioral therapist, when it comes to the kind of envy inspired by social media, there are two factors that make a person more vulnerable (易受伤害的): low self-esteem and deprivation intolerance, which describes the experience of being unable to bear not getting what you want. To overcome this, he says, think about what you would teach a child. The aim is to develop a philosophy, a way of being in the world, which allows you to recognize when someone else has something that you want but don't have, and also to recognize that you can survive without it, and that not having it does not make you less worthy or less of a person.
We could also try to change the way we habitually use social media. Kross explains that most the time, People use Facebook passively and just idly, lazily reading instead of posting, messaging or commenting. 'That is interesting when you realize it is the passive usage that is supposed to be more harmful than the active. The links between passive usage and feeling worse are very robust—we have huge data sets involving tens of thousands of people, he says. While it is less clear how active usage affects well-being, there does seem to be a small positive link, he explains, between using Facebook to connect with others and feeling better.
Dryden differentiates between unhealthy envy and its healthy forms, which, he says, 'can be creative. ' Just as hunger tells us we need to eat, the feeling of envy, if we can listen to it in the right way, could show us what is missing from our lives that really matters to us, Kross explains. Andrew says, 'It is about naming it as an emotion, knowing how it feels, and then not interpreting it as a positive or a negative, but trying to understand what it is telling you that you want. If that is achievable, you could take proper steps towards achieving it. But at the same time, ask yourself, what would be good enough? '
The Age of Envy: How to Be Happy When Everyone Else's Life Looks Perfect | |
Introduction | ●【1】 is the feeling that you wish you had something that someone else has. ● It was 【2】 by Aristotle as the pain of seeing another's good fortune, stirred by the feeling of 'those who have what we ought to have'. |
New problems with envy in the age of social media | ● Social media is taking envy to an extreme by making everyone accessible for 【3】. ● People are so much disturbed by envy that an increasing number of them have to consult doctors. ● Full knowledge of false comparisons still can't 【4】 people from envy, and those with low self-esteem and deprivation intolerance are more likely to fall 【5】. |
Possible ways to 【6】 the pain | ● Learn to recognize that it's 【7】 that someone else has something you want but don't have. ● Learn to recognize that without the thing you can still survive and you are still a useful person. ● Change the way we use social media from just passively reading to 【8】 posting, messaging or commenting. |
Conclusion | ● We should distinguish unhealthy envy from its healthy forms. ● When envy appears. 【9】 we can listen to it properly, it won't show us what really matters to us. ● We should take proper steps to feel and understand envy instead of 【10】 it arbitrarily. |