【题目】Those who have suffered from insomnia know the sinking feeling of watching the clock tick.Now a new study in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that lying in bed awake may actually contribute to the problem of sleeplessness.

The study of 79 adults(average age 72)with insomnia aimed to determine whether brief behavioral interventions for insomnia would help.Traditional behavioral therapy(疗法)requires at least half a dozen hour-long sessions with a therapist a costly commitment many patients either can't make or don't have access to.Other options include sleep-aiding medications or supplements.In the current study,the 39 participants in the behavioral therapy group received a 45- to 60-minute instructing session,plus a 30-minute follow-up session and two 20-minute phone calls.

Doctors offered the following behavioral interventions for improving sleep: reduce time in bed; get up at the same time every day,regardless of sleep duration; don't go to bed unless sleepy; and don't stay in bed unless asleep.

The other 40 participants in the study were given printed educational materials about insomnia,which included the same instructions given to the intervention group,but without the individualized sessions with a therapist.Two weeks later,the latter group also got a 10-minute follow-up phone call.

At the end of four weeks,the behavioral treatment group was significantly more likely to show improvements in sleep than the printed-materials group.By that time,55% of those who received behavioral treatment no longer met the criteria for insomnia,compared with 13% of the group that got educational brochures.

The good news comes at the same time as a report on the health effects of insomnia from the U.K.'s Mental Health Foundation.The report,Sleep Matters,suggests a link between insomnia and poor relationships,low energy levels and an inability to concentrate.Poor sleep has already been linked to depression,immune deficiency and heart disease.

【1】What is the meaning of the underlined word insomnia”?

A.sleeplessness B.depression

C.heart disease D.immune deficiency

【2】What is the disadvantage of traditional behavioral therapy?

A.It can’t help.

B.It costs a lot of money.

C.It requires sessions with a therapist.

D.It includes sleep-aiding medications.

【3】How to improve sleep according to the doctor?

A.Lying in bed awake.

B.Get up early every day.

C.Don’t go to bed late at night.

D.Don’t stay in bed if you are not asleep.

【4】We can learn from the text that insomnia may cause the following results except________.

A.depression B.concentration

C.immune deficiency D.heart disease

【题目】Are you nervous about climbing because you think it’s too dangerous? Do you feel you’re not fit enough to climb? Do you know how to start climbing?

Let’s consider the idea that climbing is dangerous. Being afraid is natural, but if you use suitable ropes and other climbing equipments you will feel completely safe. Climbers are usually very careful because they know what they are doing is dangerous. Accidents happen, but when they do, they tend to attract a lot of publicity. As a result, people think there are many more accidents than there are in reality.

You cannot expect to start climbing straight away. Climbing is a challenge and challenges take time. It is necessary first of all that you achieve a good level of fitness. Begin as soon as you become interested in climbing—go to the gym, go swimming, take up jogging and continue to do so throughout your training period.

Discover as much as you can about climbing. Visit the library and find books especially for beginners or buy climbing magazines and look for articles which describe your situation. Look up information on the Internet. Find out about equipment, methods and places to go.

Next, take a course on a climbing wall. There are plenty of climbing walls all over the country which have trained and qualified people as instructors. Call your local leisure centre to find out if there is one in your area. These training sessions are a quick way to get experience and you are likely to meet other beginners. After this, you can do an outside course or join a club where you can meet climbers of all abilities and eventually join in group-climbing events.

At first you may not understand the importance of a good training period, but after you have completed your first climb and you are standing safely at the top of a rock feeling thrilled, then you will know it was the right thing to do.

【1】The article is written by ______.

A. a doctor B. an experienced climber

C. a beginner D. a fitness instructor

【2】The writer thinks a new climber should ______.

A. begin by becoming fit

B. be aware of the causes of the accidents

C. have the courage to meet the challenges

D. do enough sports to get interested in climbing

【3】By climbing walls you can ______.

A. join a club you like

B. become qualified instructors

C. gain controlled experience

D. take part in group-climbing events

【4】The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means ______.

A. the climb B. the training

C. the equipment D. the achievement

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