题目内容

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How northern Europeans beat the winter blues

Ask a child from northern Europe to draw two pictures—one on a rainy day and a second in the sunshine—and this is what you will get: in the first, as raindrops fall from the top of the page, the man behind the window has an unhappy expression. When a yellow sun sends out some light from the corner, the man is smiling.

Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness. They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them.1In October 2008, a group of researchers examined the influence of different daily weather factors, including temperature, wind and sunlight, on 1,200 participants. The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings.2A person who is upset on dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood(情绪), and he will be likely to experience a sad winter. This is the basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).3

AniKalayjian, professor of psychology at Fordham University, advises that we should take steps to strengthen the brain’s system against weather-driven mood changes. Research on SAD has been focused on the brain’s response to darkness and light. When our eyes detect darkness, the brain gives off melatonin, which starts sleep cycles.4It takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light. “We can encourage people to take charge of their feelings,” says Kalayjian. “We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun.5

A day of rain can potentially destroy your plan and affect your mood. But as the Scottish comedian Billy Connolly once said: “There is no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong clothing.”

A. Yet that link has no scientific basis.

B. It is seriously doubted among the people who suffer from SAD.

C. It affects about10% of the population of northern Europe each year.

D. Another chemical called serotonin, however, can make people happy.

E. That’s when people can recharge their serotonin and get a better mood.

F. Most studies prove that a negative feeling is associated with bad weather.

G. They determined that people actually differ in their sensitivity to weather changes.

【答案】

1A

2G

3C

4D

5E

【解析】试题分析:环境对人的情绪有影响吗?研究表明情绪和天气关系不大,主要是自身的原因,要控制好自己的情感最重要。

1A 考查上下文的理解判断能力。上一句提到北欧人把雨和伤心,阳光和快乐联系在一起,而空格后面的内容讲述的是研究显示,天气对情绪的影响很少,故A符合语境。

2G 本题的关键词是a group of researchers,正好与G选项中的they相一致。

3C 选项中的it代指前句中的Seasonal Affective Disorder。故C符合要求。

4D 前句提到了大脑释放的一种化学物质,答案D中介绍了另一种化学物质,而且这种化学物质能让人高兴,与后文内容一致。故D符合要求。

5E 前句提到我们告知他们离开电脑和室内游戏到外面去沐浴阳光,后句应该说这么做的益处,故可知E正确。

【学法指导】

上下文联系,抓关键词,再结合好七个选项是做好七选五题型的关键所在。【2G本题的关键词是a group of researchers,正好与G选项中的they相一致。【1A 考查上下文的理解判断能力。上一句提到北欧人把雨和伤心,阳光和快乐联系在一起,而空格后面的内容讲述的是研究显示,天气对情绪的影响很少,故A符合语境。

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【题目】

1Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid ___________.

2Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to ___________.

3Today’s festivals have _________________, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.

4He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil. His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit. “___________________________________,” he thought.

5RODERICK: __________do you know London? HENRY: Not at all, it's my first trip here.

6HENRY: Oh, yes. Well, towards nightfall I found myself ____________to sea by a strong wind. It was all my fault.

7No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to _______________________, the universe began with a "Big Bang" that threw matter in all directions.

8For several billion years after the "Big Bang", the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into ___________________.

9The earth became __________________ that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock.

10Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in. Its population is __________________.

11The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some_________________over 90 metres.

12That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins_________________in their seats.

13Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to_________________ some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.

【题目】The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert(警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus--until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

1The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby’s .

A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight

C. sense of touch D. sense of smell

2Babies are sensitive to the change in _______.

A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures

C. the shape of patterns D. the number of objects

3Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B. To see how babies recognize sounds.

C. To carry their experiment further.

D. To keep the babes interest.

4Where does this text probably come from?

A. Science fiction. B. Children’s literature.

C. An advertisement. D. A science report.

【题目】The Olympic flame

The Olympic Flame is a symbol carried over from the ancient Olympics, where a flame burned at the altar(祭坛)of Zeus throughout competition. It was finally reintroduced at the 1924 Amsterdam Games, and again burned in 1932.

Carl Diem, chairman of the organizing committee for the 1936 Berlin Games, proposed that the flame be lit in Greece and transported to Berlin via a torch relay. The idea was adopted(采纳) and continued at every Olympic Games since 1952. The flame is lit at the ancient site of Olympia by the natural rays of the sun reflected off a curved mirror. It is lit at a ceremony by women dressed in robes resembling those worn in ancient times, who then pass it to the first relay runner.

The Olympic motto

“Citius, altius, fortius” is a Latin phrase meaning “swifter, higher, stronger”, which Baron de Coubertin borrowed from Father Henri Martin Dideon of Paris. Dideon was headmaster of Arcueil College, and used the phrase to describe the athletic achievements of students at the school. He had previously been at the Albert Le Grand school, where the Latin words were carved in stone above the main entrance.

The Olympic oath

“In the name of all competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Olympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules that govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams.”

Written by Baron de Coubertin, the oath is taken by an athlete from the host nation while holding a corner of the Olympic flag. The athletes’ oath was first taken by Belgian fencer Victor Boin at the 1920 Antwerp Games. A judge from the host country also speaks the oath, with slightly different wording.

1The Olympic flame was first burned at _______ in modern times.

A. the 1920 Games

B. the 1924 Games

C. the 1932 Games

D. the 1936 Games

2The underlined word "proposed" can be replaced with .

A. ordered

B. insisted

C. suggested

D. requested

3From the passage we can learn ________.

A. the first torch relay was held at the 1936 Berlin Games

B. before 1936, no flames burned at the Olympic Games

C. Carl Diem proposed that flames should burn at the Olympic Games

D. The Olympic torch has burned since 1924

4The Olympic motto was .

A. written by Baron de Coubertin

B. from Greek

C. from the ancient Olympic

D. borrowed from Father Henri Dideon of Paris

【题目】Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly,flies like a fat chicken,eats green leaves,has the stomach of a cow and has claws(爪)on its wings when young.They build their homes about 4.6m above the river,an important feature(特征)for the safety of the young.It is called the hoatzin.

In appearance,the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside.The head is small,with a large set of feathers on the top,bright red eyes,and blue skin.Its nearest relatives are the common birds,cuckoos.Its most striking feature,though,is only found in the young.

Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip.Using these four claws,together with the beak(喙),they can climb about in the bushes,looking very much like primitive birds must have done.When the young hoatzins have learned to fly,they lose their claws.

During the drier months between December and March,hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April,when the rainy season begins,they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.

1What is the text mainly about?

A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.

B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.

C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.

D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.

2Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that .

A. they look like young cuckoos

B. they have claws on the wings

C. they eat a lot like a cow

D. they live on river banks

3What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?

A. They had claws to help them climb.

B. They could fly long distances.

C. They had four wings like hoatzins.

D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.

4Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?

A. To find more food.

B. To keep themselves warm.

C. To protect themselves better.

D. To produce their young.

【题目】Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules… planning your next move…acting as a team member…These are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.

Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such an taking turns and cooperating(合作).

Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones,which sharpens the hand-eye coordination(协调)needed in hunting.

Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.

Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.

Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.

1Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to _____.

A. be a team leader B. obey the basic rules act

C. as a grown-up D. predict possible danger

2The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can_____.

A. describe life in an exciting way

B. turn real-life experiences into a play

C. make learning life skills more interesting

D. change people’s views of sporting events

3According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?

A. It inspires people’s deep love for the country.

B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.

C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.

D. It earns the winners fame and fortune.

4What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Games benefit people all their lives.

B. Sports can get all athletes together.

C. People are advised to play games for fun.

D. Sports increase a country's competitiveness.

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