题目内容
7.A.incapable B.ultimately C.relative D.patent E.university F.popular G.frustrated H.continuous I.equivalence J.proved K.existence |
The author was a young man aged 26,Albert Einstein who was working as a clerk at a (31)D office in Switzerland.His career as a physicist was (32)G after his doctoral thesis was turned down.Einstein had to satisfy his scientific passion only in his spare time.Within a few months,however,he wrote four groundbreaking papers.
The first paper described his particle theory of light.All physicists in 1905knew what light was.Whether from the sun or bulb,light was known to be a (33)H wave-just like sound.In the face of this (34)E held knowledge,Einstein proposed that light was not a wave.Instead,it was composed of"a number of energy quanta."This concept that physical systems can behave both as waves (energy) and as particles (matter) would be the seed of one of the two pillars of modern physics:quantum mechanics.Sixteen years later,this theory took Einstein to the peak of science:the Nobel Prize for Physics.
The second paper did not revolutionize the principles of physics.Nor did it earn Einstein another Nobel Prize.However,while proving the (35)K of atoms and molecules in the paper,the great scientist opened a new field in the study of physics:statistical physics.
The next paper was perhaps the most groundbreaking.It presented Einstein's well-known theory of special relativity,(36)F with even common people nowadays.Einstein wrote in this paper that except for the constant speed of light,everything is (37)C,including time,distance and mass.
On November 21,Einstein's last paper that year was published/In the paper,the scientist (38)J the (39)I between energy and matter with the most famous equation in history:E=mc2.(E stands for energy,m mass,and c the speed of light)
Einstein's four papers that year have (40)B changed our conception of reality:of light,of matter,of time and of space.There is no wonder that scientists later call 1905Einstein's annus mirabilis-his year of mirales.
分析 本文介绍了爱因斯坦的四篇论文,论文中提出的观点改变了我们对现实的看法,包括光、物质、时间和空间,而爱因斯坦也因着论文成为最著名的科学家,并获得诺贝尔奖.
解答 31-40 D G H E K F C J I B
31.D.考查形容词.根据常识可知,爱因斯坦曾在专利局工作."patent office"意为:专利局.故选D.
32.G. 考查动词.根据后半句"after his doctoral thesis was turned down"可知,他的博士论文被拒绝了,由此可推测,爱因斯坦的物理事业也不会太顺利,会受挫折."frustrated"意为:挫败的.句意:他的博士论文被拒绝后,他的物理学家生涯受挫.故选G.
33.H.考查形容词.根据后文"Einstein proposed that light was not a wave"可知,爱因斯坦认为,光不是波,故可知之前的物理学家认为光是波.根据物理知识,光是连续的."continuous"意为:连续.故选H.
34.E.考查名词.句意:在大学所掌握的知识面前,爱因斯坦认为,光不是波.根据语境可知,爱因斯坦推翻了物理学家所持有的观点-光是连续的波,本句所表达的就是在所有人所持有的观点面前,爱因斯坦提出自己的见解."university"意为:大学,在此句中也代指了那些认为光就是波的观点的人.故选E.
35.K.考查名词.句意:然而,在证明原子和分子存在的同时,这位伟大的科学家在物理学研究领域开辟了一个新领域:统计物理学.根据物理知识,爱因斯坦所处的时代,科学家已经证明了世界存在着原子和分子."existence"意为:存在.故选K.
36.F.考查形容词.根据后半句"even common people nowadays"可知,如今普通人都知道狭义相对论,可见狭义相对论是流行的.故选F.
37.C. 考查形容词.根据语境可知,本段讲述的是爱因斯坦的狭义相对论,故此句句意:爱因斯坦在本文中写道,除了光的恒定速度外,一切都是相对的,包括时间、距离和质量."relative"意为:相对的.故选C.
38.J.考查动词.根据语境可知,爱因斯坦发了一篇论文,而科学家也证明了这一论文的准确性.根据常识,发表的论文都需证实."proved"意为:证明,符合语境.故选J.
39.I.考查名词.根据后半句"E=mc2.(E stands for energy,m mass,and c the speed of light)"可知,此公式证明了能量和物质之间的等价关系."equivalence"意为:相等的.故选I.
40.B.考查形容词.句意:爱因斯坦那一年的四篇论文最终改变了我们对现实的看法:光、物质、时间和空间.根据全文可知,爱因斯坦所提出的观点都最终被人们接受,也使人们对光等物质有了新的见解.故选B.
点评 本文属于选词填空类型.答题时要面向整体内容,切忌片面理解.快速把全文通读一遍.抓好关键词,进行推断,使填词后组成的句子结构完整、合理.一定要注意前后照应,关注前后句之间的密切关系.做题时可以根据上句的信息推断下句的信息,通过下句的信息推断上句的信息,即:要填前面的空行,看后句的信息,要填后面的空行,看前句的含义.
Most people learn best using a variety of(5)C,but traditional classes are an ideal start for many people.They(6)Dan environment where you can practice under the(7)Cof someone who's good at the language.We all lead(8)Alives and learning language takes(9)B.You will have more success if you study regularly,so try to develop a(10)C.It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming(11)Bin a language will take years,but learning to get by takes a lot less.
Many people start learning a language and soon given up."I'm too(12)A,"they say.Yes,children do learn languages more(13)Bthan adults,but research has shown that you can learn a language at any(14)A.And learning is good for the health of your brain,too.I've also heard people(15)Aabout the mistakes they make when(16)D.Well,relax and laugh about your(17)Band you're much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never(18)D.But with some work and devotion,you'll make progress.And you'll be(19)Bby the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in(20)Awon language.Good luck!
1.A.technical | B.political | C.practical | D.physical |
2.A.After | B.So | C.Though | D.Or |
3.A.literature | B.transport | C.agriculture | D.medicine |
4.A.view | B.knowledge | C.form | D.database |
5.A.paintings | B.regulations | C.methods | D.computers |
6.A.protect | B.change | C.respect | D.provide |
7.A.control | B.command | C.guidance | D.pressure |
8.A.busy | B.happy | C.simple | D.normal |
9.A.courage | B.time | C.energy | D.place |
10.A.theory | B.business | C.routine | D.project |
11.A.bored | B.fluent | C.interested | D.devoted |
12.A.old | B.nervous | C.weak | D.tired |
13.A.closely | B.quickly | C.privately | D.quietly |
14.A.age | B.speed | C.distance | D.school |
15.A.worry | B.hesitate | C.think | D.quarrel |
16.A.singing | B.working | C.bargaining | D.learning |
17.A.progress | B.mistakes | C.cleverness | D.clumsiness |
18.A.tiresome | B.hard | C.interesting | D.easy |
19.A.blamed | B.amazed | C.interrupted | D.informed |
20.A.their | B.his | C.our | D.your |
A. | cause;treated | B. | lead;treating | ||
C. | suffer;to treat | D. | make;being treated |
A. | laughed | B. | laugh | C. | and laughing | D. | laughing |