题目内容

【题目】阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号的相应位置上。
Although most people believe that formal schooling is required for scientific success, a college degree is not always necessary. excellent example of a man who won fame as a scientist academic(学术的) training is Vincent J. Schaefer. His formal education ended two years of high school when he had to go to work in an untrained job at General Electric. Because his inventive mind and his skill as a model maker, he was soon allowed to try his own experiments in the company laboratory. His natural (curious) made him wonder about clouds. He developed, after many tries, a method of making clouds rain they would not normally do so. This method, (call) seeding, has been very (help) to farmers, and made him win much fame.
Schaefer believes that for people, most of all, are interested in the world and everything in it, a college degree is unnecessary.

【答案】an;without;after;of;curiosity;when;called;helpful;it;who
【解析】⑴an 因excellent以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。

⑵without 根据前面说a college degree is not always necessary可知,此处填without,表示“没有”。

⑶after 表示一段时间之后应用介词after。

⑷of because of是复合介词,意为“因为”,后接名词或代词。

⑸curiosity 此处需用名词作主语,curious的名词形式是curiosity。

⑹when 此处表示时间,句意表示“当它们通常不会这样的时候”,用when引导时间状语从句。

⑺called this method与call存在被动关系,应用过去分词作定语。

⑻helpful very后应接help的形容词helpful,表示“有益的”。

⑼it it指代前一句提到的this method。

⑽who who用来引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词是people。

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【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations.They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.
The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. So they are called "diseases of civilization".Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.
Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones.They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits.They did not have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. We eat six times more salt than our ancestors.We eat more sugar.We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
A.Modern people used to suffer from "diseases of civilization".
B.People today probably don't want to live like our ancestors.
C.These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.
D.Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.
E.In that case, they would live much healthier.
F.But today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.
G.Stone Age people lived a simple life.

【题目】The New economy has brought great business opportunities besides great challenges. Not since the Industrial Revolution has managing with change been so urgent a matter. Indeed, the Information Age has accelerated the pace of market and business changes to the point where some firms have set up "change departments" whose job is to constantly look for opportunities to change the firm and make it more productive.

Most firms have accepted the fact that they must make major changes. To remain competitive, companies recognize that they need to be in a constant process of changing themselves. This change is accompanied by the need to be willing to take risks in management style. Managers with such spirit have called themselves "change agents".

Despite some remarkable successes, however, introducing managing change has not been a simple matter. Firms have tried to introduce change to achieve its attendant efficiencies (节省幵支)through new technologies, restructuring, or outsourcing. Yet, this has cost a great deal of time and money, but often led to at best mixed results: approximately 75% of all change activities failed.

The reason for most of these failures is that change often lacks a central focus. Managers become confused by all different and sometimes conflicting advice they receive about change management. The result is a loss of central focus and disorganized policies. To improve their chances of success, it is extremely important that managers should understand the nature and process of the whole company's change and its challenges much better.

1What is the article mainly about?

A. Developing strong marketing plans.

B. Bringing in top technologies.

C. Ways for companies to hire better managers.

D. Changes of companies' operations.

2The words "change agents" in Paragraph 2 are closest in meaning to “_____ ”.

A. instructors B. customers

C. reformers D. performers

3According to the article, why do companies frequently fail to change?

A. Managers are conservative. B. Not enough attention is paid.

C. Employees generally fight change. D. Policies are not well directed.

4What does the article suggest managers do?

A. Spend more time and money. B. Improve their knowledge.

C. Buy more advanced technologies. D. Face their challenge directly.

【题目】Science textbooks around the world have become suddenly out of date. Four new chemical elements(元素)have been added to the periodic table. A big decision now lies ahead-elements 113,115,117 and 118 need to be given their official names and symbols.

New elements can be named after a mythical(神话的) concept, a mineral, a place or country, a property(性质) or a scientist. The names have to be unique and maintain “historical and chemical consistency”. This means a lot of “-iums”.

“They’re Latinising the name,” explains chemist Andrea Sella. “The most recent tradition is to name them after places or people.” The places chosen tend to be where the element was discovered or first produced.

No one has yet named an element after themselves but many elements are named in honour of important scientists. Albert Einstein was given einsteinium. This can also be a way of righting the wrongs of the past. “Lise Meitner was really the chemist who spotted nuclear fission(核裂变)but she was never really recognised for it because she was Jewish and a woman, ” says Sella. “Giving an element a name that reminds us of her is greatly important. ”

The naming process isn’t quick. The scientists who discovered them will start things off by suggesting a name. But it will be down to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) to approve it. A special division of the US-based group has to accept the suggestion. Then there is a public review period of five months before the IUPAC gets the final approval. Once it’s ready, the name is announced in the scientific journal Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Naming an element is not just about functionality. Names are always important.

1What is the function of Paragraph 1?

A. To introduce the topic.

B. To present a finding.

C. To point out a problem.

D. To call for a decision,

2Why was Lise Meitner mentioned in the naming process in Paragraph 4?

A. To praise her.

B. To build her reputation.

C. To correct the wrongs of the past.

D. To end racial discrimination

3Who has the final say in the naming process of an element?

A. The scientist who discovered them.

B. The special division of US-based group.

C. The scientific journal Pure and Applied Chemistry,

D. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

4What i$ the passage mainly about?

A. How elements get their names.

B. Why science textbooks are out of date.

C. How new elements are discovered.

D. How functional naming an element is.

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