题目内容

【题目】The sight of a mosquito can mean trouble to people in many parts of the world. The bite of the mosquito can be deadly. The insects carry serious diseases like malaria (疟疾). It is estimated that almost 630,000 people died from malaria and malariarelated causes in 2012, and most of these cases were in African countries.

In the United States, a group of California scientists are working to develop a more effective and less costly substance (物质) to protect people from mosquitoes. The researchers are investigating the sense of smell in mosquitoes. They found the insects use the same receptor for identifying carbon dioxide in human breath as they do for the smell of our skin. Anandasankar Ray, who is leading the investigation, says scientists tested more than a million chemical compounds (化合物) until they found a substance called Ethyl Pyruvate. He says Ethyl Pyruvate makes the mosquitoes' receptors inactive. “When we apply Ethyl Pyruvate to a human arm and offer it to hungry mosquitoes in a cage, very few of the mosquitoes are attracted to the human arm because only a few of them are able to smell it out,” said Ray.

Genevieve Tauxe, a member of the research team, says it was not easy to find the neurons (神经元) of noble cells that recognize both the smell of human breath and skin. “With the device used to examine the mosquito, we are able to insert a very small electrode (电极) into the part of the mosquito's nose, where its smelling neurons are and where the smell is happening,” said Tauxe.

Anandasankar Ray says a product based on Ethyl Pyruvate may cost less to produce than DEFT, the most effective chemical treatment now in use. He says DEFT is too costly for most people who live in areas affected by malaria.

“Perhaps by finding smells that can attack other target receptors, we will be able to improve upon DEFT and finally have the next generation of insect behaviour control products,” said Ray.ytytzygx.

【1】The underlined word in the second paragraph probably means ________.

A. a substance that protects people from mosquitoes

B. a sense organ that reacts to changes

C. a device that reacts to light

D. a piece of equipment that sends signals

【2】According to the passage, Ethyl Pyruvate can ________.

A. kill the mosquitoes' smelling neurons

B. cause the mosquitoes to lose their senses of smell

C. result in the inactiveness of the mosquitoes' receptors

D. make the mosquitoes uninterested in human breath and skin smell

【3】This passage most probably appears in ________.

A. a textbook of medical schools

B. a collection of doctors' essays

C. the column of newspaper ads

D. the health column of a magazine

【4】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Ethyl Pyruvate—an Insect Behaviour Control Product

B. Malaria—a Serious Disease Causing 630,000 Deaths

C. Scientists Find a New Substance to Fight Mosquitoes

D. A New Generation of DEET Has Been Developed to Kill Mosquitoes

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

试题分析:本文讲的是在世界上很多地方,蚊子的声音就意味着麻烦。蚊子叮咬有可能致命。这种昆虫会传播疟疾等严重疾病。据世界卫生组织估计,2012年将近有63万人死于疟疾和疟疾相关疾病。科学家们相信他们将很快能够找到办法生产出更便宜更有效的防蚊产品。

【1】B词义猜测题。根据第二段第二、三句The researchers are investigating the sense of smell in mosquitoes. 研究人员正在调查蚊子的嗅觉。They found the insects use the same receptor for identifying carbon dioxide in human breath as they do for the smell of our skin. 他们发现蚊子使用相同的感受器来识别人呼吸的气味和皮肤的气味。故选B。

【2】C细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句He says Ethyl Pyruvate makes the mosquitoes' receptors inactive. 他说丙酮酸乙酯使得蚊子的感受器不敏感。故选C。

【3】D推理判断题。根据第一段The sight of a mosquito can mean trouble to people in many parts of the world. 看到一只蚊子就意味着在世界上许多地方给人到来烦恼。The bite of the mosquito can be deadly. 蚊子的叮咬可能是致命的。The insects carry serious diseases like malaria (疟疾).昆虫可能带来像疟疾一样的疾病。It is estimated that almost 630,000 people died from malaria and malariarelated causes in 2012, and most of these cases were in African countries.估计在2012年大约有630,000人死于疟疾或与疟疾有关的疾病。这些案例多数在非洲国家。通过以上内容可知这篇文章最有可能出现在一本杂志的健康栏目。故选D。

【4】C根据第二段第一句In the United States, a group of California scientists are working to develop a more effective and less costly substance (物质) to protect people from mosquitoes.在美国,一群加利福尼亚科学家正在想办法生产出更便宜更有效的防蚊产品。故选C。

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【题目】On June 17, 1774, the officials from Maryland and Virginia held a talk with the Indians of the Six Nations. The Indians were invited to send boys to William and Mary College. In a letter the next day they refused the offer as follows:

We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you. We are convinced that you mean to do us good by your proposal; and we thank you heartily. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours. We have had some experience of it. Several of our young people were formerly brought up at the college of the northern provinces: they were taught all your sciences; but when they came back to us, they were bad manners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods they were totally good for nothing.

We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them all we know, and make men of them.

【1】The passage is about ____.

A. the talk between the Indians and the officials

B. the colleges of the northern provinces

C. the educational values of the Indians

D. the problems of the Americans in the mid-eighteen century

【2】The Indian chief’s purpose of writing the letter seems to be to ____.

A. express their opinions on equal treatment

B. politely refuse a friendly offer

C. show their pride

D. describe Indian customs

【3】According to the letter, the Indians believed that ____.

A. it would be better for their boys to receive some schooling

B. they were being insulted by the offer

C. they knew more about science than the officials

D. they had better way of educating young men

【4】Different from the officials’ view of education, the Indians thought ____.

A. young women should also be educated

B. they had different goals of education

C. they taught different branches of science

D. they should teach the sons of the officials first

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lately, there is a rising trend in families choosing to homeschool their child than send their child to a traditional educational institution. Let’s look at some of the benefits of homeschooling.

1. Flexible Schedule

Homeschooling enables a flexible schedule. 【1】 With homeschooling, your child can start homeschooling at 9 am or later depending on your preferred schedule. You can schedule your child’s homeschooling education as you see fit with materials or subjects that may be not available in a traditional school.

2. Individual Attention

With homeschooling, your child gets all the individual attention. For example, if your child is weak in maths, you could devote more time and energy to teaching maths. Your child’s homeschooling schedule can be adjusted for that. For example, if your child is better at science than at maths, simply devote more homeschooling hours to maths and cut back on science. With homeschooling, the choice is yours. 2

3. Family Activity

The schooling of the child can become an extended family activity. Examples are field trips and experiments. Plus, the child also receives more quality time with his/her parents. 3 The child is also free of any negative peer pressure or influences.

4. 4

With homeschooling, the child does not need to prove his/her abilities to other children. Parents are able to plan the learning program according to his strengths and weakness.

Parents can also change the curriculum to suit the learning style of the child. 5 Some children even learn better from experiencing or seeing things in action.

A. No peer pressure

B. Religion Learning

C. Traditional schools can’t do that.

D. There is more time for family bonding.

E. For example, the child needn’t wake up at 7 every morning.

F. Plus, it is quite impossible to provide individual attention to all students.

G. For example, some children learn better from reading while others need to write.

【题目】Hello. I’m Jan from Mrs. Lake’s class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the Adopt-a-Highway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.

Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.

The Adopt-a-Highway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up.

We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads cleanplease come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6:00 P.M. At the meeting, we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people's unkind acts. Then we' ll try to pick an area to adopt and clean.

I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean!

1What is the purpose of this speech?

A. To introduce the traffic system.

B. To tell a story about adopting a pet.

C. To show drivers how to drive safely.

D. To encourage students to join the program.

2What is the Adopt-a-Highway Program about?

A. Giving names to the highways.

B. Picking up litter along the roads.

C. Drawing pictures of highways.

D. Putting up signs near the roads.

3What should the students do first if they want to join the program?

A. Go to a meeting on Wednesday.

B. Pick a spot to care for.

C. Write a letter to their parents.

D. Call Mrs. Lake next week.

4Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Adopt-a-Pet B. Ways to Protect the Environment

C. Adopt-a-Highway D. Volunteers on Roads

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