题目内容

【题目】_____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.

A. Being no rain B. There was no rain

C. To be no rain D. There being no rain

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:考查独立主格结构。There being no rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。这不是复合句,这是一个单句,因为没有连接词。所以其中一个句子需要用到独立主格结构,没有雨可以用it being ,it 作形式主语或者there being 存在结构。故选D。

【名师点拨】

-ing形式“独立主格结构”

动词的-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。

Being ill, he went home.由于生病,他回家了。(= As he was very ill, he went home.)

1.表示时间的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.

每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课。(相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone wasready)

2. 表示原因的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那个男孩带路,我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。(相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way)

3. 表示条件的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

My health allowing, I will work far into the night.

我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜。(相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows)

4. 表示方式的-ing形式作“独立主格结构”

The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.

学生们快乐地在学校里走着,每个人胸前都带着一张卡。(相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest)

-ed形式“独立主格结构”

与逻辑主语+动词的-ing形式一样,如果-ed形式的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致的话,就需要用-ed形式的独立主格结构。

The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.

由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。

= As their living conditions were greatly improved, the workers worked still harder.

比较:动词不定式表示动作没有发生或即将发生,动词-ed形式表示动作已经结束,动词-ing形式往往表示动作正在进行。

The manager looks worried,many things to settle. 经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。(事情还没有处理,而且是由经理本人来处理,用不定式to settle)

The manager looks relaxed, many things settled. 许多事情已经处理好了, 经理看上去很轻松。(事情已经处理好了,用动词-ed形式settled表示动作已经结束)

The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV. 小孩一边做饭,一边看电视。(两个动作同时进行)

The food cooked, the boy went to bed. 饭做好了,小孩去睡了。(两个动作有先后,饭已做好,小孩才去睡觉的)

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Take the Rides of Your Life

Visit Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, to seek thrills "Even though it's located off the beaten track, experts regularly praise Cedar Point as the best overall theme park of the country," says U.S. News & World Report. The park calls itself the roller coaster capital of the world, and with 16 to choose from, it's hard to argue. It's open daily from May 10 through Labor Day; weekends only from Labor Day through November 2.

Tickets start at $ 48.99 per person if purchased online.

http://www.cedarpoint.com.

Wander Free on a Dude farm

Dust off your cowboy boots and ready your cowboy hats for a visit to this Rocky Mountains paradise. Located in Augusta, Montana, "The farm has everything an aspiring cowboy or girl could long for," says Sunset magazine, including hiking trails, fishing trips, campfires with sing-alongs, and, of course, horseback rides. The large farm operates from June through September; kids-only and adults-only programs are available.

Total cost starts at $ 1,360 per adult, $ 1,276 per teen, and $ 1,168 per child.

http://www.Triplejranch.com.

Dig for Dinosaurs

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Surf Sand Dunes

Swap your snowboard for a sand-board, and head to Sand Master Park in Florence, Oregon. Real Simple recommends learning the basics at this private dune park, "which offers board rentals and lessons ---- often taught by world-champion sand boarders." Then you can hit the "slopes" to test your skills. From March to June, and September to November.

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http:/'www.sandmasterpark.com.

1What is special about Cedar Point?

A. You can visit Cedar Point on weekends.

B. It has 16 roller coasters for you to choose from.

C. You can help unearth the fossilized bones of dinosaurs.

D. It offers lessons taught by world-champion sand boarders.

2If you have a 3-day holiday in April, which of the following may interest you most?

A. Take the Rides of Your Life

B. Wander Free on a Dude farm

C. Dig for Dinosaurs

D. Surf Sand Dunes

3Where will you probably find this passage?

A. A science fiction. B. An adventure storybook.

C. A travel magazine. D. A theme park advertisement.

【题目】The sight of a mosquito can mean trouble to people in many parts of the world. The bite of the mosquito can be deadly. The insects carry serious diseases like malaria (疟疾). It is estimated that almost 630,000 people died from malaria and malariarelated causes in 2012, and most of these cases were in African countries.

In the United States, a group of California scientists are working to develop a more effective and less costly substance (物质) to protect people from mosquitoes. The researchers are investigating the sense of smell in mosquitoes. They found the insects use the same receptor for identifying carbon dioxide in human breath as they do for the smell of our skin. Anandasankar Ray, who is leading the investigation, says scientists tested more than a million chemical compounds (化合物) until they found a substance called Ethyl Pyruvate. He says Ethyl Pyruvate makes the mosquitoes' receptors inactive. “When we apply Ethyl Pyruvate to a human arm and offer it to hungry mosquitoes in a cage, very few of the mosquitoes are attracted to the human arm because only a few of them are able to smell it out,” said Ray.

Genevieve Tauxe, a member of the research team, says it was not easy to find the neurons (神经元) of noble cells that recognize both the smell of human breath and skin. “With the device used to examine the mosquito, we are able to insert a very small electrode (电极) into the part of the mosquito's nose, where its smelling neurons are and where the smell is happening,” said Tauxe.

Anandasankar Ray says a product based on Ethyl Pyruvate may cost less to produce than DEFT, the most effective chemical treatment now in use. He says DEFT is too costly for most people who live in areas affected by malaria.

“Perhaps by finding smells that can attack other target receptors, we will be able to improve upon DEFT and finally have the next generation of insect behaviour control products,” said Ray.ytytzygx.

【1】The underlined word in the second paragraph probably means ________.

A. a substance that protects people from mosquitoes

B. a sense organ that reacts to changes

C. a device that reacts to light

D. a piece of equipment that sends signals

【2】According to the passage, Ethyl Pyruvate can ________.

A. kill the mosquitoes' smelling neurons

B. cause the mosquitoes to lose their senses of smell

C. result in the inactiveness of the mosquitoes' receptors

D. make the mosquitoes uninterested in human breath and skin smell

【3】This passage most probably appears in ________.

A. a textbook of medical schools

B. a collection of doctors' essays

C. the column of newspaper ads

D. the health column of a magazine

【4】Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Ethyl Pyruvate—an Insect Behaviour Control Product

B. Malaria—a Serious Disease Causing 630,000 Deaths

C. Scientists Find a New Substance to Fight Mosquitoes

D. A New Generation of DEET Has Been Developed to Kill Mosquitoes

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