[题目]阅读理解.The term “smog was first used in London during the early 1900's to describe the combination of smoke and fog. What we typically call “smog today is a mixture of pollutants but is primarily 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

【题目】阅读理解。

The term “smog” was first used in London during the early 1900's to describe the combination of smoke and fog. What we typically call “smog” today is a mixture of pollutants but is primarily made up of groundlevel ozone (臭氧)．

Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on where it stays. The ozone staying high above the Earth protects human health and the environment, but groundlevel ozone is responsible for the choking, coughing, and painful eyes associated with smog. The ozone in smog also prevents plants growth and can cause widespread damage to crops and forest.

Major smog occurrences often are linked to heavy motor vehicle traffic, high temperatures, sunshine, and calm winds. Weather and geography affect the position and severity of smog. Because temperature regulates the length of time it takes for smog to form, smog can form faster and be more severe on a hot and sunny day. When warm air stays near the ground instead of rising and winds are calm, smog may stay trapped over your city for days. As traffic and other sources add more pollutants to the air, the smog gets worse. Smog is often more severe away from the pollution sources because the chemical reactions that cause smog occur in the atmosphere while the reacting chemicals are being moved by the wind.

Smog is a visible example of air pollution. You can look into the distance during the day to see how much smog there is in the air. span>In addition, most cities measure the concentrations of pollutants in the air and report the results to the public.

Environmental Protection Agency sets national standards for pollutants. Areas that fail to meet the standards for at least one air pollutant are called “nonattainment (不达标) areas”. New measures are being taken by local governments across the country to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas. These include: banning charcoal barbecues and wood burning in stoves or fireplaces when pollution levels are high; developing programs to encourage carpooling and voluntary “ozone actions”； limiting traffic in overcrowded areas; expanding or improving public transportation systems; requiring employers to contribute to employee public transportation costs; assessing “smog fees” on cars according to the number of miles driven and vehicle emissions (排放) produced; and even buying and breaking up older “superdirty” cars.

【1】According to the passage, groundlevel ozone can______.

A．damage the environment

B．benefit human health

C．protect crops and forest

D．limit the spread of smog

【2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Air quality is better in time of calm wind.

B．Smog is more severe near pollution sources.

C．It takes more time for smog to form in hot weather.

D．Chemical reactions occur in the moving air and cause smog.

【3】Which indication shows more exact the air is poor?

A．Heavy motor vehicle traffic in big cities.

B．Widespread damage of crops and forest.

C．Clear outlines of hills in the distance.

D．High concentrations of pollutants in the air.

【4】What is included in the measures being taken by the local governments?

A．Uncondtional banning of wood burning.

B．Encouraging carpooling and public transportation.

C．Charging all the vehicles more “smog fees”．

D．Buying new cars to replace superdirty old cars.

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

试题分析：

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...but groundlevel ozone is ... damage to crops and forest.”可知，地平面上的臭氧对环境和人体是有坏处的。故选A。

【2】正误判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“because the chemical reactions ... by the wind”可知，化学反应在流动的空气里发生并且导致了烟雾。故选D。

【3】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，空气中高浓度的污染物能较准确地表明空气质量差。故选D。

【4】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“developing programs to encourage carpooling...”以及“expanding or improving public transportation systems” 可知，地方政府采取的措施包括鼓励人们拼车，扩大和改进公共交通运输体系等。故选B。

练习册系列答案

Maybe that doesn't sound very interesting.But when you've joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do.You can send emails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds.You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW)．

There are many different kinds of computers now.They all can be joined to the Internet.Most of them are small machines sitting on people's desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies.These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.

There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet.For example, your school may have the Internet.You can use it during lessons or free time.Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet.You are welcome to use it at any time.

Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller.It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need.You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet.But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English？So what will English be like tomorrow?

【1】Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?

A. By post. B. By email.

C. By telegraph. D. By satellite.

【2】Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?

A. In the office. B. At school.

C. At home. D. In the company.

【3】Who is the owner of the Internet?

A. The headmaster. B. The officer.

C. The user. D. No one.

【4】What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?

A. English is important in using the Internet.

B. The Internet is more and more popular.

C. Most of the information is in English.

D. Every computer must have the Internet.

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I have recently been told that listen to loud music is gradually making people hard of hearing. I'm sure it has already been happened to my neighbor. For years she had turned a deaf ear to my requests to turn her radio down. When she gives a party she doesn’t have to invite a rest of the street. Everyone can dance in her music in his own room. Now a scientist has discovered certain electronic sounds have strangely effects on rats. He declares break down, almost paralyze(瘫) with their legs trembled. Then it is simply a matter of throwing them out by their tail. I wonder that the same thing will happen to my neighbor someday.

【题目】短文改错

假段定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.

【题目】阅读理解。

There is a very instructive incident involving the life of Alexander the Great, King of Greek. Alexander, after conquering many kingdoms, was returning home.

On the way, he fell ill and it took him to his death bed. With death staring him in his face, Alexander realized his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth were of no consequence. So, he lay helplessly waiting to breathe his last. He called his generals and said, “I will depart from this world soon, and I have three wishes. Please carry them out without fail.”

“My first desire is that，” said Alexander, “my physicians alone must carry my coffin.” After a pause, he continued, “Secondly, I desire that when my coffin is being carried to the grave, the path leading to the graveyard be strewn (撒满) with gold, silver and precious stones which I have collected.” The King continued, “My third and last wish is that both my hands should be kept hanging out of my coffin.” Alexander's favorite general kissed his hand and pressed them to his heart. “Oh King, we assure you that your wishes will all be fulfilled. But tell us why do you make such strange wishes？”

Alexander took a deep breath and said, “I would like the world to know of the three lessons I have just learnt. I want my physicians to carry my coffin because people should realize that no doctor can really cure any bodies. They are powerless and cannot save a person from the clutches of death. So let people not take life for granted.

“The second wish of strewing gold, silver and other riches on the way to the graveyard is to tell people that not even a bit of gold will come with me. I spent all my life earning riches but cannot take anything with me. Let people realize that it is just a waste of time to chase wealth.

“And about my third wish of having my hands hanging out of the coffin, I wish people to know that I came emptyhanded into this world and emptyhanded out of this world.” With these words, the King closed his eyes. Soon he let death conquer him and breathed his last.

【1】The first paragraph suggests that Alexander ________.

A．was conquering many kingdoms

B．realized that what he got in his life was nothing to him at all

C．wanted to leave as he came emptyhanded

D．regarded his conquests, his great army, his sharp sword and all his wealth as the most important things

【2】The underlined word “clutches” in Paragraph 3 means “________”．

A．sentence B．attention

C．control D．shadow

【3】The author intends to ________.

A．tell us the story of Alexander

B．introduce readers to the instructive lessons of Alexander

C．stress the power of Alexander the Great

D．persuade people to realize what Alexander said

【4】What would be the best title for the passage?

A．The Death of Alexander

B．The Greed of Alexander

C．Three Wishes of Alexander

D．The Life of Alexander

【题目】阅读理解。

Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach, which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube, chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor Yiannis Aloimonos, leader of the group, said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

“At present, the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally, we took our own videos, our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And, as the robot advances, it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality homemade videos.”

So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results.

But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task, the socalled feedback (反馈意见); another is the introduction of language.

“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical (比喻性的) laguage，”he added.“But，” he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

【1】The underlined phrase “capitalize on” in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by ________.

A．take hold of B．make use of

C．keep track of D．catch sight of

【2】Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot ________.

A．can not fully digest what it learns

B．can not make a simple salad

C．can follow homemade videos

D．can understand metaphorical language

【3】Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________.

A．they can easily follow fixed programs

B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

【4】Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

A．Robots Creating a New World

B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

【题目】阅读理解。

“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website” is the definition of “selfie” in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn't even in the dictionary until August of 2013. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed with (对……痴迷) selfies — we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven't seen in a while.

But is there any scientific explanation for this obsession? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist (神经系统科学家) at University College London.

Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people's faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them — we just feel them most of the time.

This has been proved in previous studies, according to the BBC.

Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as betterlooking than we actually are. To further test how we actually perceive our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions of their own portrait — the original, one that had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive — and asked them to pick the version which they hought looked most like them. They chose the more attractive version.

But what does it say about selfies? Well, isn't that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph — by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters (滤色镜) and so on — that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.

“You suddenly have control in a way that you don't have in nonvirtual (非虚拟的) interactions，” Kilner told the Canadabased CTV News. Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you're happy with”， he explained.

【1】What is the passage mainly about?

A．The definition and fun of taking selfies.

B．A study of why people love taking selfies.

C．How taking selfies influences people's daily lives.

D．How to interpret people's facial expressions in their selfies.

【2】The underlined word “perceive” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．

A．interpret B．beautify

C．choose D．explain

【3】According to Kilner, people like taking selfies probably because they think ________.

A．it is a good chance to learn more about their actual faces

B．it is a way to respond to others' facial expressions correctly

C．it enables them to interact with their friends in social media

D．it allows them to satisfy their expectations with their appearances

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有l0处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：l. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last month, I, as well as my parents, were invited to my uncle’s home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. She met us in the airport. I was exciting when I set my foot on the land of America. In the followed days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great. For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I look forward to go there again.

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Jack,

How are you! "World Water Day" is coming. Our school have decided to hold many activity to celebrate it. I hope you can make a speech for the specially day.

The speech, which title is "how to deal with waste water and recycle it", is important for us, because of water pollution is more and more serious it's important to encourage students save water. However, we invite you to make a speech for the students or teachers. I believe that you speech is helpful and can let everyone know how to make full use of water. I would appreciate it if you can accepted my invitation.

Yours,

Xiao Ming

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