题目内容
2.In my early 30s,I used an expired(过期的) student ID to buy discounted movie tickets.I'd tell myself,I'm buying a ticket I wouldn't have otherwise bought.I think many people have done similar things; however,we still think of ourselves as honest citizens.Researchers who study these behaviours believe that character isn't the real reason.We might break the rules under some conditions and in some mind-sets,but not in others.Years ago,Francesca Gino,a professor at Harvard,and Dan Ariely,a behavioural economist at Duke,wondered if people with highter IQs were more likely to cheat.They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty,but creativity was.The more creative you are,the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly.
Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribe that we may be born without having a clear sense of right and wrong,but our culture sharpens it.If your tribe downloads pirated(盗版)music,you're likely to go with the flow.
Harvard researcher Leslie John,along with two colleagues conducted an experiment.They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test.Guess what happened?That group,which considered itself disadvantaged,cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment.
The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time.Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes.Keep yourself fed and well-rested-we're likelier to bebave badly when hungry or tied.Reflect on how your actions look through others'eyes and see yourselves in a positive light.In a Stanford study,when researchers uesd the verb cheat-please don't cheat-participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced (疏远)from the act.When the noun was used-don't be a cheater-hardly anyone did.
28.According to Francesca Gino,who are likeliest to break the rules in a company?B
A.Accountants.B.Designers C.Cleaners.D.Typists.
29.Why did volunteers in Leslie John's experiment cheat more than others?C
A.Because they were not as smart as others.
B.Because they thought others cheated too.
C.Because they felt a sense of unfairness.
D.Because they were tired and hungry.
30.The underlined word"antidotes"in the last paragraph canbe replaced byB.
A.explanations.B.solutions C.studies D.novels.
31.What's the best title for the text?A
A.Why people break the rules.
B.How people break the rules.
C.The influence of breaking the rules.
D.Different ways of breaking the rules.
分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,文章讨论了人们为什么要违规并就此问题给出了一些建议.
解答 .28--31 BCBA
28.B.推理判断题.根据第2段中的…but creativity was.The more creative you are,the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly."…但是创造力是的,当你行为不诚实时你越有创造力,你就越容易复述发生了什么的故事"可知越是有创造力的人越有可能违规,因此设计师比起会计、清 洁工和打字员更有可能违规.故本题答案为B选项.
29.C.推理判断题.根据第四段中的They told Volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test."他们告诉志愿者其他人因为考试中得到正确的答案而得到了比他们更多的钱"可知,参加实验的知道其他人比他们得到的钱多,感到不公平,因此要通过作弊的方式答对更多的题,得到更多的钱.故本题答案为C选项.
30.B.词义辨析题.最启一段中的Keep yourself fed and well-rested…Reflect on how your.actions look through others'eyes and see yourselves in a positive light."让自己吃好、休息好…反省一下你的行为是如何看穿他人的眼睛并且用积极的眼光看待自己".可知这(antidotes)就是作者对于违规问题给出的解决方法,故本题答案为B选项.
31.A.标题归纳题.通读全文可知,文章就违规问 题展开讨论,其中第二、三、四段分别介绍了人们违规的三个原因.A项概括了文章的主要内容,故最适合作本文标题.
点评 本文是一篇议论文,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.
