题目内容

13．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
This term our school offer more than 10courses，from what we can choose．All of us take greatly interest in them．Our most favorite are English songs，speaking English，arts and so on．Some say they have learned a lot that is not teaching in textbooks and they have got lot of practice．They hope more courses will be offered so their homework should be less．Thus，they can gain all kinds of knowledges and learn more about what is going ahead in the world．

分析 本文作者主要介绍了本学期他们学校课程的设置情况以及同学们对这些课程的看法与要求．

解答 This term our school offer more than 10 courses，from what 
we can choose．All of us take greatly interest in them．Our 
most favorite are English songs，speaking English，arts and 
so on．Some say they have learned a lot that is not teaching 
in textbooks and they have got∧lot of practice．They hope 
more courses will be offered so their homework should be less．
Thus，they can gain all kinds of knowledges and learn more 
about what is going ahead in the world．
详解：
1．offer改为offers   考查时态及主谓一致   根据下文使用了一般现在时，可知此处作者介绍的是现在即本学期他们学校课程设置的情况；由于主语our school 为第三人称单数形式，故用offers．
2．what改为which   考查关系代词     本句为非限定性的定语从句，由于先行词courses指物，在该从句中作介词from的宾语，故用关系代词which．
3．greatly改为great   考查形容词    此处用来修饰名词interest，故用形容词great．
4．去掉favorite前面的most   考查名词    由于favorite在此处为名词，意为：最喜欢的事物，所以它的前面不能使用副词most来修饰；故去掉favorite前面的most．
5．speaking改为spoken    考查固定短语    spoken English意为：英语口语，故用spoken．
6．teaching改为taught   考查被动语态    本句为定语从句，关系代词that指代 a lot在该从句中作主语，并与动词teach构成被动关系；故此处应使用被动语态，故用taught．
7．lot前加a或将lot改为lots   考查固定短语     a lot of=lots of 意为：许多；故在lot前加a或将lot改为lots．
8．so改为while/but    考查句意理解以及从属连词    本句的意思是：他们希望提供更多的课程，然而/但是却希望作业应尽量少一些；此处表示转折，故用while/but． 
9．knowledges改为knowledge   考查不可数名词   由于knowledge为不可数名词，其后不能加s；故用knowledge．
10．ahead改为on  考查固定短语    be going on 意为：发生，进行；此处指的是：了解更多关于世界上正在发生的事情；故用on．

点评 短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性试题，主要考查学生对词汇、语法和语篇三要素的把握能力．错误类型一般有：缺词、多词和错词．常见的错误有：1 词法错误，主要包括动词、名词、冠词、形容词、副词、代词和介词等词类误用、同义词混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此类试题时，需要正确分析句子成分，熟练掌握各词类的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常见句法错误．通常表现为简单句、复合句以及疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和强调句等错误．解答此类试题时，需要掌握各类句子的句式结构及意义用法．3 应在理解文章大意的前提下，进行作答．

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1．His friend hassuffered （遭受） from ill health for some years．
4．Ever wonder how much a cloud weighs？What about a hurricane？A meteorologist has done some estimates and the results might surprise you．
Let's start with a very simple white puffy cloud-a cumulus cloud（积云）．How much does the water in a cumulus cloud weigh？Peggy LeMone，senior scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder，Colorado，did the numbers．"The water in the little cloud weighs about 550tons，"she calculates．"Or if you want to convert it to something that might be a little more meaningful …think of elephants．"
The thought of a hundred elephants-worth of water suspended in the sky begs another question-what keeps it up there？
"First of all，the water isn't in elephant sized particles（微粒），it's in tiny tiny tiny particles，"explains LeMone．And those particles float on the warmer air that's rising below．But still，the concept of so much water floating in the sky was surprising even to a meteorologist like LeMone．"I had no idea how much a cloud would weigh，actually，when I started the calculations，"she says．
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67．The weight ofBis NOT mentioned in the passage．
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A．She found it not convincing．
B．She thought it needed further calculations．
C．She was quite surprised at it．
D．She considered the calculations inaccurate．
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B．The water in a hurricane weighs more than that in any other kind of cloud．
C．There are less than forty million elephants living on the earth．
D．The water in the cloud is in very tiny partials．
70．What is the best title for the passage？D
A．How Much a Cloud Weighs  B．How Much a Hurricane Weighs
C．Surprising Results       D．Elephants in the Sky．
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D．How the models work．
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D．The speed of Rossby waves is faster than that of Kelvin waves．
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A．a cat can live nine times longer than any other animal
B．a cat can die ninth
C．a lucky man can not die easily
D．the writer will live nine times
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A．Old，warmhearted but pitiable．
B．Blind，but warmhearted and happy．
C．A blind old man that has nothing to do every day．
D．A poor old man that is always ready to help others．
61．How do you understand the underlined sentence"I followed her example within the  year"？C
A．He listened to his sister carefully．
B．Mother told him that he must get the agreement from his sister for whatever he would do．
C．His sister got married．He，too．
D．His sister was a great woman．He must learn from her．
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Years ago，Francesca Gino，a professor at Harvard，and Dan Ariely，a behavioural economist at Duke，wondered if people with highter IQs were more likely to cheat．They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty，but creativity was．The more creative you are，the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly．
Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribe that we may be born without having a clear sense of right and wrong，but our culture sharpens it．If your tribe downloads pirated（盗版）music，you're likely to go with the flow．
Harvard researcher Leslie John，along with two colleagues conducted an experiment．They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test．Guess what happened？That group，which considered itself disadvantaged，cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment．
The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time．Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes．Keep yourself fed and well-rested-we're likelier to bebave badly when hungry or tied．Reflect on how your actions look through others'eyes and see yourselves in a positive light．In a Stanford study，when researchers uesd the verb cheat-please don't cheat-participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced （疏远）from the act．When the noun was used-don't be a cheater-hardly anyone did．
28．According to Francesca Gino，who are likeliest to break the rules in a company？B
A．Accountants．B．Designers       C．Cleaners．D．Typists．
29．Why did volunteers in Leslie John's experiment cheat more than others？C
A．Because they were not as smart as others．
B．Because they thought others cheated too．
C．Because they felt a sense of unfairness．
D．Because they were tired and hungry．
30．The underlined word"antidotes"in the last paragraph canbe replaced byB．
A．explanations．B．solutions        C．studies         D．novels．
31．What's the best title for the text？A
A．Why people break the rules．
B．How people break the rules．
C．The influence of breaking the rules．
D．Different ways of breaking the rules．
1．Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．
It's a high-risky，multibillion-dollar industry with tight deadlines，demanding customers and lives in danger．
The business is （51）B．And it's booming．
The number of jobs for translators and interpreters doubled in the past 10years while their wages steadily （52）C before，during and after the recession．During a period of stagnating （停滞的） wages across the labor market，the language-service industry with its 50，000jobs is a（53）Aspot in the jobs outlook．
Lillian Clementi is a French translator working in corporate communications from her home in Arlington，Massachusetts and is routinely on tight deadlines to hand in translated material．"The risks can be huge，"said Clementi，"There's tons of  （54）D pressure．"
In some cases，a（n） （55）A translation or interpretation is also vital．If a user's guide for medical equipment is not translated well，it could lead to  （56）D during an emergency．Soldiers in conflict areas require excellent interpreters to speak with community members．Any change of tone or context could put lives  （57）B．
Translators'and interpreters'immunity （免疫力） to the nation's economic downturn also （58）Athe growing demand for people who can speak several languages in an increasingly globalized economy，experts said．
"Good translators who （59）Ca particular subject and become really good at it can really make six-digit figures annually，"said Jiri Stejskal，spokesman for the American Translators Association．
Multinational corporations，U．S．demographic （人口的） changes and the Internet economy raise the need for translated and localized information．Companies increasingly want their content（60）D  to the tongue of the town，even between dialects of the same language．
"As more people （61）B the worldwide economy，that's going to drive more commerce，and that's going to drive more language services，"said Bill Rivers，executive director of the National Council for Language and International Studies in the Washington region．
（62）C，qualifications for translators and interpreters are not as simple as they may seem．Speaking two languages does not mean a person can work in the language-service industry，experts said．Learning how to translate or interpret is a （63）Askill beyond knowing the language．
Furthermore，the most successful translators and interpreters maintain a （64）D，such as legal documents，quarterly earnings reports or a special knowledge of industry．
Technological advances may cut jobs in some industries，but online translation services like Google Translate（65）C  raise demand for human translators and interpreters，experts said．Online sales companies also drive demand for translation．

51．A．tourismB．languageC．technologyD．economy
52．A．shrankB．changedC．grewD．remained
53．A．brightB．scenicC．historicD．tough
54．A．moneyB．peerC．bloodD．time
55．A．properB．quickC．directD．innovative
56．A．diseaseB．depressionC．violenceD．confusion
57．A．in orderB．at riskC．under controlD．out of state
58．A．highlightsB．understandsC．increasesD．resists
59．A．set upB．depend onC．specialize inD．object to
60．A．limitedB．accustomedC．relatedD．tailored
61．A．agree withB．have access toC．are confident ofD．insist on
62．A．InsteadB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Otherwise
63．A．separateB．geneticC．learnableD．worthwhile
64．A．certificateB．diplomaC．strategyD．specialty
65．A．automatically      B．respectively      C．actually           D．immediately．

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