Question

5．There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence．The first is sort of brain he is born with．Human brains differ considerable，some being more capable than others．But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn．So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of the environment in which he is brought up．If an individual is handicapped（受阻碍） environmentally，it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable．
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be proved by the identical twins，Peter and John．When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster（寄养） homes．Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities．John，however，was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college．This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence．John's IQ was 125，twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother．
[写作内容]
（1）以约30个词概括短文的要点；
（2）然后以约120个词就"环境与人的智力发展"的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a）你是否赞同"环境决定智力的发展"这一观点？为什么？
b）请举出具体事例说明你的观点；
c）你认为如何才能最大限度地发展智力？
[写作要求]
（1）可以参照阅读材料的篇章结构，组织故事，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
（2）标题自定．
[评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯．

Answer 1

分析 本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短文要点．第二段：过渡词引出主题句---阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用第一和第三人称． 重要短语：in support of （发生），in terms of（时尚），bring up（导致），be crucial to （对…至关重要的），broaden the horizons（扩大眼界），be born with（出生于），distinguish oneself（使某人自己出名），offer sb sth （提供某人某物），show off （炫耀），try to do sth（努力做某事），develop one's intelligence（发展智力），exploit sth（开发某物）．
【高分句型一】
1．The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers，who were brought up in different environments．
此处是由关系代词"who"引导的非限制性定语从句，主句为"The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers"，"who"在定语从句中作主语．
【高分句型二】
2．Personally，I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence，as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise．
此处是由"as"引导的原因状语从句，主句为"I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence"．
【高分句型三】
3．Zhongyong，①born with a high IQ，distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child，②which astonished others．
   ①此处是由过去分词短语"born with a high IQ"作后置定语，句子的谓语动词为"distinguished"．
  ②此处是由关系代词"which"引导的非限制性定语从句，"which"在从句中作主语．

解答 How to fully develop our intelligence？
The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person's intelligence by giving an example of a pair of twin brothers，who were brought up in different environments．【高分句型一】（概括）
Personally，I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence，as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise．【高分句型二】（赞同"环境决定智力的发展"）
There was such a famous example in Chinese history．Zhongyong，born with a high IQ，distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child，which astonished others．【高分句型三】Unfortunately，his father didn't offer him a good environment to foster him but instead，he often took him everywhere to show off his intelligence．Gradually，Zhongyong became an ordinary person．（举出具体事例说明你的观点）
Thus，I think we，including our parents，our teachers，and even the whole society，should try to create a good environment for the children to fully develop their intelligence，and for the children，they should also learn to exploit everything available to develop themselves．（个人观点---如何才能最大限度地发展智力）

点评 读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．