题目内容

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When your pet is sick, you know it needs medication. But pets, like babies, don't know the pill you want them to take will help them. 【1】 Here are some tips to help get your pet to take liquid medicine.

2 If the answer is yes, then your easiest path is to mix it with canned food. First give your hungry pet a small amount of canned food without the medication. It's important that the pet nibbles (一点一点地吃) at the food and sees that there's nothing wrong.

Next, while the pet is still hungry, mix the medication in a small amount of food and present it. Repeat as necessary to get the entire dose (剂量)down.3 If the pet decides not to finish the meal, the dose will be wasted.

If the chemist says the medication cannot be taken with food, you need a syringe (注射器) or a dropper (滴管) to get the liquid down your pet's throat.

4 Keep a cheerful tone in your voice so the pet doesn't sense your stress or hesitation. Position your pet where it cannot run away, perhaps having a dog sit with his back against a wall or chair ---- or a cat on your lap.

5 Use your other hand to insert the syringe or dropper between the cheek and back teeth. Slowly squeeze the medication so the pet won't choke. Try to keep your pet's mouth closed for about 30 seconds until you see it has swallowed. If your pet is being obstinate (倔强的) , span>stroke (抚摸) its throat gently or blow on the face.

Be sure you end the process with praise and perhaps a treat so your pet will not associate medication with a bad experience.

A. Before you call your pet in, be sure to have the medication and any other materials you’ll need ready.

B. Once the pet is in position, use one hand to gently open the pet's mouth from above, tilting(倾斜) back the head slightly.

C. Ask the vet(兽医) if the liquid medication can be given with food.

D. You should know the reason why the pet refuses to take medicine.

E. Never mix the medication with the full meal.

F. They just know it smells funny and they don't want it.

G. Don’t force your pet to swallow all the medicine

【答案】

【1】F

【2】C

【3】E

【4】A

【5】B

【解析】

试题分析: 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何对患病宠物进行药物治疗的问题。如果兽医认为可以把药物参杂食物一起喂食,那么要首先给宠物一点没有药的食物,然后把药物分几次少量地喂给宠物吃以免把药物浪费掉。

【1】F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文提到宠物像孩子一样不知道生病时候必须吃药,从选项内容判断F. 选项They just know it smells funny and they don't want it.(他们只知道闻起来味道有点古怪,他们不想吃。)可以承接上文,F

【2】C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空格后内容If the answer is yes, then your easiest path is to mix it with canned food(如果答复是肯定的,那么你最容易的办法就是把它和罐装食品参杂在一起。)可以判断上句提出了问题和食物,而在所有选项中C选项内容Ask the vet if the liquid medication can be given with food.(问问兽医液体药物是否可以和食物一起给宠物吃),符合语境,C

【3】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。空前后内容都是介绍把药参杂到食物里喂宠物,而且后句提到宠物吃不完食物将会浪费了药,由此推断空上的句子是建议人们如何去做而不至于浪费药的内容,故选E

【4】A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。空后内容讲述如何把药物用注射器注射到宠物喉咙里,由此判断A选项内容Before you call your pet in, be sure to have the medication and any other materials you’ll need ready.(在把宠物叫过来之前,确保准备好了药物和你需要的物品)符合语境,选A

【5】B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。在后句中Use your other hand to insert the syringe or dropper between the cheek and back teeth.提到了“your other hand”,由此判断前句中会提到 “one hand”,故答案选B

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【题目】There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority it must be given over in general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?

If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.

I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.

1Teachers differ in their opinions about ________.

A. the difficulties in teaching spelling

B. the necessity of teaching spelling

C. the complexities of the basic writing skills

D. the role of spelling in general language development

2The expression "play safe" probably means “_______”.

A. to write carefully

B. to avoid using words one is not sure of

C. to do as teachers say

D. to use dictionaries frequently

3Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.

A. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes

B. students will have more confidence in writing

C. students will be able to express their ideas more freely

D. students will learn to be independent of teachers

4The major point discussed in the passage is ________.

A. the relationship between spelling and content of a composition

B. the importance of developing writhing skills

C. the correct way of marking compositions

D. the complexities of spelling

【题目】任务型阅读

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。

Have you ever been so absorbed in a conversation at a party that you failed to notice that someone new is standing only six inches away from you, trying to get your attention? It’s possible that you were so distracted that you didn’t notice someone approaching you. But it’s also entirely likely that you were experiencing change blindness.

Change blindness is a phenomenon that occurs when a person is unable to notice visual changes in their environment, despite the fact that they are often rather obvious. In cases of change blindness, the person isn’t failing to notice small or insignificant changes, but will probably miss big changes, like someone standing next to them waving their hand.

Early experiments with change blindness focused largely on memory and perception when viewing pictures. For example, a person might be shown a photograph of a street scene in Egypt and told to memorize the image. Following that, they would be shown the same picture with certain elements added or taken away and asked to identify what’s different. Very often the individual could recall the larger aspects of the picture but couldn’t recognize the smaller changes.

In the 1990s, researcher Daniel Simons conducted a fascinating study into change blindness that many people find unbelievable. In Simons’ study, he asked participants to watch a video of a basketball being passed around between several people, with a particular focus on the basketball itself. When the experiment was over, Simons found that a large number of participants were so focused on watching the basketball being passed around that they failed to notice a man in a gorilla suit jumping around in front of the camera.

It’s important to note that the change in Simons’ video wasn’t subtle; the gorilla is very obviously taking up much of the frame. Simons concluded that participants were experiencing inattentional blindness, which is when a person fails to notice a major change because they are so focused on another task. In this case, because participants were asked to focus on the movement of the basketball, their brains prioritized that task in order to do it properly, thereby missing the other things happening in the video.

In the case of Simons’ study, participants engaged what’s referred to as attentional selection, which is when a person selects certain things to focus on in order to achieve a task and filters out anything that is unrelated to the objective.

There are a number of theories about what causes a person’s inability to recognize obvious changes in their environment, but most agree that the phenomenon is related to sensory processing. Broadly speaking, our brains have a limited capacity to detect and process everything in our environment. Instead, what the brain does is to choose certain things to process, evaluate, and store, which allows other things to be missed or filtered out.

In simple terms, change blindness has a great deal to do with where a person directs their attention. In the case of the gorilla and the basketball, people focused their attention almost exclusively on one thing, which caused them to miss other elements or changes. Given that attention is often at the root of change blindness, a person’s age or mental and physical health can influence how well they will notice changes in stimuli.

Change Blindness

【1】 of change blindness

Change blindness is a surprising perceptual phenomenon that occurs when a person recognizes minor changes in scenes while large changes go 2 .

Experiments with change blindness

The main 3 of early experiments was memory and perception.

Individuals were found to be4 at recalling the smaller details in the same picture previously shown to them.

Research in the 1990s

In Simons’ study, participants were asked to pay special attention to the 5 basketball, during which time a man wearing a gorilla suit unexpectedly walked through the scene.

Contrary to popular belief, with their attention fixed on the basketball, many participants reported that the “gorilla” 6 their notice.

It is concluded that participants fail to recognize something big but unrelated to the objective when their brains are programmed to consider some task as a top 7 .

8 of change blindness

The brain makes 9 about what to be dealt with because of its limited capacity.

Although attention is closely【10 to change blindness, age and health are other factors that play a role.

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