Question

【题目】As a public school superintendent(督导), I believe the best way to prepare students for colleges and careers is to focus on providing instructional programs and opportunities that help them become good thinkers. To do this, teachers and actually everyone else in a community, should play a role as a “cognitive coach” to students, helping develop good thinkers among our youth.

The best way for you to become a cognitive coach is to seek out and engage school children and adolescents in meaningful conversations. The objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what they believe whenever and wherever you may find them. It may be in a classroom. It may be at the grocery store. It may be at a basketball game. It doesn’t matter where as long as you engage students in a topical conversation and, hopefully, even a debate. Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things. Get them to take a position on “this thing, or that thing,” and ask them to support their position with evidence. Curiously enough, the simple process of engaging students in real life conversations and debates will serve to strengthen what they have learned in the classroom, and help them create their own knowledge about a subject or a topic.

Learning indicates that a student has been exposed to material, understands the material, and can recall the information. Knowledge, on the other hand, goes beyond recall and includes information processing, application to other situations, consideration of meaning, and contrasting with other concepts. Naturally, the topic of conversation you engage in with one of your learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on child’s age and developmental level. Even a kindergartener has an opinion about things that are going on in his or her life. Engaging in conversation with any members of your learning community in ways that get at what they have learned and what they know will help them develop higher order reasoning skills.

A student’s synthetic thinking(综合思维) process occurs when a respected adult asks a question, particularly a question that requires reflection. I think all adults in a community have a responsibility to help children with this process, with the goal of producing independent thinkers.

【1】According to writer, what most helps develop students’ thinking?

A. Enlarging one’s knowledge.

B. Learning from respected adults.

C. Attending instructional programs.

D. Making evidence-based arguments.

【2】Which is the best question raised by a cognitive coach?

A. What have you learnt recently?

B. Will you pay by the credit card?

C. Where are you going this weekend?

D. How do you like this basketball team?

【3】The writer mentions a kindergartener in Paragraph 3 in order to _____.

A. emphasize the importance of being a good thinker

B. suggest that education should start at an early age

C. prove that even children have their own ways of thinking

D. explain the necessity of choosing proper conversation topics

【4】What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To state an education idea.

B. To assess a teaching strategy.

C. To introduce a learning method.

D. To compare different education methods.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

试题分析: 本文就成年人有责任培养孩子们成为独立的思考者来论述。

【1】 细节理解题。从文中第二段Get them to take a position on “this thing, or that thing,” and ask them to support their position with evidence. 让他们就"这件事或那件事，"采取一个立场，要求他们提供证据来支持他们的立场。可知提出基于证据的论点最能帮助培养学生的思考能力。故选D。

【2】细节理解题。从文中第二段The objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what they believe whenever and wherever you may find them.这里的目标是让孩子们讨论他们在想什么，他们感觉怎么样和他们相信什么，什么时间、在哪里你可以找到他们。以及Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things.主要是你要让学生们说出他们对于事情的观点。故作为一个认知教练最可能问的问题是你的观点是什么，故选D。

【3】细节分析题。由even一词看前文，即第三段的Naturally, the topic of conversation you engage in with one of your learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on child’s age and developmental level.自然地，你与你的任何一个学者交流的话题将会不同于每一个学生并且是基于儿童年龄和发展水平的。故提到的kindergartener是为了解释选择恰当的交流话题。故选D。

【4】 主旨理解题。从全文第一段与最后一段可以看出，作者提出为了帮助学生成为好的思考者，老师和家长要办好作为认知教练的角色，为了培养学生的综合思维，社区里的成年人都有责任来帮助孩子们实现这个目标。故作者在传授一种教育理念。故选A。