题目内容
17．Child developmentPeople live much longer than most other animals，so human childhood also lasts a long time．Unlike baby animals，human children need many years to learn how to live on their own as adults．As children's bodies grow，so do their minds．（36）A
There are several stages of child development．Infancy （婴儿期） is the most helpless stage．Over their first year infants gradually learn to roll over，sit up，crawl （爬），and take their first steps with someone helping them．As they grow out of infancy，babies begin to make sounds similar to words．
The toddler stage （学步期） begins when a baby starts to walk，usually at about the age of 1．Most children also start saying words at about this time．As toddlers grow they become stronger and have more control of their bodies．Their thinking skills also improve．（37）F They like to copy what other people say and do．
Between the ages of 3and 5，children are in the preschool stage．Children learn many important skills during this stage．They learn to share and to take turns．（38）C Playing with others helps them learn how to get along with all kinds of people．
Starting school marks a new stage．Children's minds develop quickly as they learn reading and writing．They also learn more about cooperating with others．
Between 9and 12years old，children are preteens．（39）D They become better at controlling their behavior．Preteens also understand how to be helpful to others．
（40）E As preteens become teenagers，they move one step closer to becoming adults and living on their own．
A．This growth is called child development．
B．As their bodies grow stronger，they try sports．
C．They learn how to play simple games with rules．
D．During this stage they become much more independent．
E．The end of the preteen years marks the end of childhood．
F．They slowly start putting words together to make sentences．
G．Preteens also become more aware of the world beyond their home．
分析 本文是一篇选句填空阅读，属于说明文．人们活得更长比大多数其他动物，所以人类的童年也会持续很长一段时间，不像动物宝宝，人类的孩子需要多年来学习如何独立生活，随着孩子的身体成长，他们的思想也在成长．文章以此展开，主要介绍了孩子童年时期成长的各个阶段．
解答 36．A．考查上下文联系及句意理解．由第一段的描述以及下文中的 There are several stages of child development可知，有几个儿童发展阶段．故A项"这种成长被称 为儿童发展"符合此处语境．故选A．
37．F．考查上下文联系及句意理解．由该空前的 Their thinking skills also improve 和该空后的 They like to copy what other people say and do 可知，他们的思想技巧提高，他们会模仿人们说和做．故F项"他们慢慢开始把词放在一起来组句 子"符合此处语境．故选F．
38．C．考查上下文联系及句意理解．由读空前的 Children leam many important skills during this stage 以尽该 空后的 Playing with others helps them leam how to get along with all kinds of people可知，孩子们在这个阶段学习许多重要的技能，故C项内容"他们学习如何玩有简单规则的游戏"符合此处语境．故选C．
39．D．考查上下文联系及句意理解．由该空后的 They become better at…understand how to be helpful to others可知，在接近青春期的岁月，他们会变得更加独立．故D符合语境．故选D．
40．E．考查上下文联系及句意理解．由上文的描述以及该空后的As preteens become teenagers，they move one step closer…可知，当孩子成为青少年，他们接近成为成年人和依靠自己生活．故E项"接近青春期岁月的结束标志着童年的结束"符合此处语境．故选E．
点评 本文是一篇选句填空阅读，属于说明文，题目主要考查上下文联系及句意理解．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．
