题目内容

7．Climate change could affect food supplies，water resources，human health and homes．
If greenhouse gas emissions keep increasing at the current rate，global temperature is expected to rise between 2°C and 6°C by 2100．This doesn't sound much，but a 5°C change is the difference between the current warm period and an ice age．
Global warming leads to other changes in the climate：melting ice，more evaporation（蒸发），changes in geographical patterns of rainfall，heavier downpours separated by longer dry spells，more frequent heat waves，more intense hurricanes，and sea level rise．
These changes could affect crop growth as drought，increased evaporation and shrinking glaciers（冰川）disrupt water supply．Some crops could suffer heat stress．While there may be benefits in some regions，overall climate change is likely to have a negative impact on global food supplies．The impacts of climate change on agriculture will vary widely around the world．A global temperature rise of 1-2°C is expected to increase food production in some regions，particularly mid-latitude areas．But in tropical regions even a small amount of warming could reduce crop yields．A temperature rise of 3°C or more could threaten global food resources，as all regions are likely to experience negative impacts overall．
Freshwater resources could also diminish，especially in tropical regions，as rain patterns change and evaporation speeds up．Some communities could lose essential melt water as glaciers disappear，while more intense rainfall and hurricanes could cause more flooding，leading to water pollution and bacterial diseases such as cholera（霍乱）becoming more widespread．
Climate change could lead to a variety of health impacts-both positive and negative．On the negative side，scientists anticipate more cases of malnutrition，heatstroke and waterborne diseases such as cholera．Although some populations will benefit from a reduced risk of cold-related illnesses such as hypothermia，overall a warming world is likely to have negative effects on human health．
Scientists also expect damage to homes and buildings from more intense hurricanes，heavier rainfall and rising sea levels．Climate change is likely to affect infrastructure by increasing the risk of both coastal and inland flooding around the world，owing to a combination of heavier rainfall，rising sea levels and increased storm damage．Homes and buildings could also be affected by the thawing of frozen ground and greater risk of forest fires．
The consequences of climate change will have an impact on people around the world．

67．With global temperature increased by 1-2°C，D．
A．crops yields could be increased in tropical regions
B．food production could rise throughout the world
C．chances are that food resources would be threatened overall
D．mid-latitude areas are likely to experience positive impacts
68．The underlined word"hypothermia"in Paragraph 6 possibly means a serious medical condition caused byA．
A．lower temperature than normal       
B．higher temperature than normal
C．more cases of malnutrition               
D．cases of waterborne diseases
69．According to the passage，climate change has both positive and negative effects onC．
A．food supplies and buildings         
B．freshwater resources and homes
C．human health and food supplies      
D．human health and homes
70．The passage is mainly meant to tell usB．
A．how global warming leads to changes in the climate
B．how climate change affects people worldwide 
C．why climate change affects our crop growth
D．why climate change contributes to all bad results．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了全球气温变暖对世界范围的人的影响，它可能会影响食物供应，水资源，人类健康和他们的家庭，然而气温变暖所带来的影响有正负两面，因此我们一定要格外注意气候变化．

解答 67．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段：A global temperature rise of 1-2°C is expected to increase food production in some regions，particularly mid-latitude areas．可知全球气温上升1-2度，中纬地区会有积极的影响，故选D．
68．A．推理判断题．根据文章第六段：a reduced risk of cold-related illnesses可知"hypothermia"可推出是由于温度低于正常情况导致的严重的医学状况，故选A．
69．C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段：While there may be benefits in some regions，overall climate change is likely to have a negative impact on global food supplies．和第六段的句子：Climate change could lead to a variety of health impacts-both positive and negative．可知气温变暖对食品产量和人的健康有负面和正面的影响，故选C．
70．B．主旨大意题．通读全文，根据文章最后一段：The consequences of climate change will have an impact on people around the world．可知这篇文章主要是告诉读者全球气温变暖对世界范围的人的影响，故选B．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

练习册系列答案
相关题目
5．A hundred years ago on Monday，a once-mighty species became extinct．At the Cincinnati Zoo，a passenger pigeon named Martha died at the age of 29．
It was a quiet end to a noisy species．As recently as the mid-1800s，billions of passenger pigeons swarmed across the eastern half of the United States．But they proved no match for humans，whose rapidly advancing technology drove the birds to extinction in a matter of decades．Other species were also spiraling toward extinction in the late 1800s，but the destruction of the passenger pigeon happened on full public display．"It became the icon （标志） of extinction．"
A hundred years later，the passenger pigeon remains iconic．In 2012，a group of scientists launched a project now named the Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback to create cloned passenger pigeons-or at least birds genetically engineered to have passenger pigeon features．Two years later，project scientists are still hard at work．But they can't say when-or even if-the bird will fly again．
Nor has anyone ever cloned a bird，so every step in the plan will take the project scientists into unknown scientific territory to give rise to a passenger pigeon．Extracting an undamaged passenger pigeon gene from museum specimens （样本） seems impossible．Novak and his colleagues are hoping to reconstruct the gene of the band-tailed pigeons，the closest living relatives of passenger pigeons，which live in the western United States．
Even if the scientists end up with some passenger pigeon chicks in a few years，they will still be a long way from successfully reestablishing the species．However，people today can learn many lessons in its disappearance and apply it to protecting threatened species today
．
28．The underlined word"spiraling"in the second paragraph meansB．
A．circling at a lower speed                  
B．declining sharply
B．marching forward fast                    
D．increasing gradually
29．The project Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback is intended toD．
A，reintroduce passenger pigeons to America
B．experiment with cloning technology
C．protect the endangered band-tailed pigeons
D．recreate an extinct bird species
30．Which of the following are the difficulties of carrying out the project？C
a．They couldn't find an undamaged gene of the species．
b．Cloning a bird is a completely new thing．
c．The museum refused to provide the sample of the bird．
d．They can't get the closest relative of the passenger pigeon．
e．There is no previous experience to rely on．
A．a，b，c       
B．b，c，d        
C．a，b，e          
D．c，d，e
31．What does the author think of the efforts the scientists are making？A
A．It is well worth having such a try．
B．They can hardly achieve their goal．
C．They are only steps away from success．
D．It is meaningless for the species protection．
6．A man was charged with first••degree murder of a 79．-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death．In an attempt to escape after a bank robbery，the 20．year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the  home of Mary Parnell．Police say he didn't touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terror．Can the guy be held responsible for the woman's death？Prosecutors（公诉人） said that he can under the state's murder rule，which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person's death while committing or fleeing from a felony crime like robbery---even if he or she doesn't kill someone on purpose．
But，medically speaking，can someone actually be frightened to death？
Absolutely，no question about it．
The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response（战或逃反应），which was originally described by Walter Cannon，the chairman of Harvard University's physiology department from 1906to 1942．If，in the wild，an animal is faced with a life．threatening situation．the autonomic nerve system responds by increasing heart rate，increasing blood flow to the muscles，and slowing digestion，among other things．All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast．This process certainly would be of help to ancient humans．However，in the modem world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response．
The autonomic nerve system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response．This chemical is toxic（有毒的1in large amounts；it damages the organs such as the heart，lungs，liver and kidneys．It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart．There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death．Kidney failure，liver failure，those things don't kill you suddenly．
By the way，any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result．There are people who have died in strong emotions．There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one，turned to his partner and said，"I can die now"一and then he dropped dead．For about seven days after the 9-11terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon．there was an increase of sudden cardiac death among New Yorkers．

31．Why was the man charged？B
A．Because he was trying to kill an old woman．
B．Because he caused an old woman's terror and she died．
C．Because he beat an old woman and caused her heart attack．
D．Because he murdered an old woman while robbing a bank．
32．The underlined word felony in Para．1most probably meansB．
A．new    B．severe    C．deadly   D．organized
33．Which of the following about the fight-or-flight response is true？C
A．The fight-or-flight response was not raised or proved yet．
B．It is a natural protective method that can only be found in humans．
C．The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modem ones．
D．The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs．
34．What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs？D
A．Winning a big lottery．    B．Missing a dead family．
C．Watching a horror movie．  D．Listening to a sweet song．
35．The purpose of the passage isD．
A．to explain why people will die of a heart attack
B．to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure
C．to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death
D．to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death．
3．Looking back on the three-year life in the mountain village，Thomas _______ it as a milestone in his personal development．（　　）
A．valuesB．confirmsC．declaresD．assumes
2．A glass a day keeps obesity at bay．Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content，but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet．Looking at past studies they found that，while heavy drinkers do put on weight，those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight．
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says，"Light to moderate alcohol intake，especially of wine，may be more likely to protect against，rather than promote，weight gain"．The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions，particularly that current data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight．
Boston University's Dr．Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms （生物学机制） relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood．His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes（糖尿病），which relate to increasing obesity．Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers．
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat，and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods．They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks，taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight．
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one's risk of becoming obese．What's more，a study three years ago suggested that reveratrol，a compound present in grapes and red wine，destroys fat cells．

46．The passage is mainly for thoseD．
A．who produce wine  
B．who are eager to lose weight
C．who go on a diet   
D．who have a drinking habit．
47．The underlined phrase"in moderation"in the first paragraph meansA．
A．properly          
B．carefully
C．excitedly         
D．frequently
48．Why has alcohol been thought to cause weight gain？B
A．Because its calories are stored in fat．
B．Because it is rich in sugar．
C．Because it changes drinking patterns．
D．Because it increases the risk of diabetes．
49．What can we learn from the passage？C
A．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear．
B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat．
C．The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect．
D．Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight．
50．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows？B
A．How to do some easy experiments．
B．How to prove the finding mentioned above．
C．How to make wine in a healthy way．
D．How to reduce the calories contained in wine．
12．Dear David，
I'm glad you would like to share your feelings with me．It's hardly surprising that your feelings of not being"grown up"have come on strongly at this point in your life，just before you're about to become a father．You are asking：Will I make a good father？How will I cope？I think nearly every man must have the occasional feelings of self-doubt and inadequacy before the birth．
It's difficult，honestly，to feel grown-up unless you have something less grown-up to relate to．The boss with a hen-pecking wife may feel like a seven-year-old when he's at home．But as he walks through the office door，and knows he's going to be surrounded by staff for advice，he grows into a fully mature man．And I think it's a mistake to imagine that we all feel，as we age，a kind of progress of states，from the baby to the adult．Most people feel，on Tuesday，about three years old，and on a Wednesday，around 80．
There's a common remark that"all men are little boys"，but it's not true．It's more true that men often behave like little boys．But nearly all people，at some moments in their lives，are able to be greatly mature．．Once your baby arrives，you'll soon feel less childlike．When your child tries to put its fingers into the electric plug，the adult in you will rise up to prevent it．
Comfort yourself，David，with two truths．One is that your friends laugh when they talk about this subject because they，like you，feel frightened．And remember that people who haven't grown up don't go around talking about the fact．
    Good luck to you and your little one．
Sincerely Yours，
Miss Advice 28．According to the passage，Miss Advice thinks David's self-doubtC．
A．valuable    
B．unusual
C．natural
D．bearable
29．From Paragraph 2，we can learn that people's sense of maturityC
A．will increase with age
B．is obviously seen at home
C．changes with different situations
D．becomes stronger with familiar people
30．Miss Advice holds thatC．
A．all men behave like little boys
B．people tend to laugh at the subject
C．men with a baby feel more grown-up
D．people enjoy talking about their immaturity
31．Miss Advice wrote the letter toA．
A．offer suggestions to a future father    
B．teach people how to grow up
C．encourage people to be responsible  
D．solve problems of the less grown-up．
19．How Much Exercise Do I Need？
When it comes to exercise，less is not more-but it's certainly better than none．Physical inactivity accounts for as many as 23percent of all deaths from major chronic （慢性的） diseases，yet almost one of every three Americans is sedentary （spending a lot of time sitting down）．According to the Centers for Disease Control，29.4percent of those surveyed （调查） report they have no free-time physical activity at all．City people tend to be more active than country folks，with 27.4percent saying they are sedentary，compared with 36.6percent of those in rural areas．
Light activity can improve physical and mental well-being．While light activity is good，moderate （not very large or very small） activity is even better，and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30minutes a day of moderate physical activity．But you don't have to head to a gym．As recent studies have confirmed，"lifestyle"activities，such as walking，house cleaning and gardening，are as effective as a structured exercise program in improving heart function，lowering blood pressure and keeping or losing weight．
In one study，overweight，sedentary middle-aged men and women who learned behavioral skills to make them more physically active，such as walking around airports or train stations while waiting for a departure，reduced their body fat percentage and improved their blood pressure and heart function as much as individuals participating in structured programs at a fitness center．In another study，fat women ranging in age from 21to 60who adopted a more active lifestyle lost as much weight as women in a low-impact aerobics （有氧健身） program-and regained fewer pounds in the following year．
Recognizing the value of different levels and types of activity，the American College of Sports Medicine has changed its recommendations on quantity and quality of exercise to include flexibility as well as aerobic and muscle exercise and to acknowledge that multiple short periods of exercise during the day are nearly as beneficial as one long session．

63．By saying that almost one third of Americans are sedentary，the author meansD．
A．they take proper exercise to be healthy
B．they know nothing about light activity
C．they are very fond of physical activity
D．they take little free-time physical activity
64．We can learn from the passage thatD．
A．light activity is especially good for the middle-aged people
B．people like light activity because it won't make them feel tired
C．people only need to do light activity three times a week to keep fit
D．light activity promotes people's well-being physically and mentally
65．What do health experts suggest about moderate activity？A
A．No less than half an hour's moderate activity daily can do us good．
B．Moderate activity is no better than light activity to people．
C．"Lifestyle"activities don't belong to moderate activity．
D．People may go to the gym to take moderate activity．
66．According to the passage，which of the following belongs to a structured exercise program？A
A．Doing gymnastics at a gym． B．Taking outdoor activities．
C．Walking．                   D．Gardening．
16．A pupil's diary describing how his mother （61）who/thatwas addicted to her cell phone ignored his efforts to express his gratitude for her on International Women's Day has become a hit．
The third-grade primary school boy wrote the diary on March 8，a day when China holds various （62）activities （activity） to promote respect and love of women．In the diary，he wrote that he first told a story to his mother，but she seemed uninterested and stared into her cell phone（63）devotedly （devote）．Sad but not discouraged，he then recited some blessings，yet his mother remained occupied with her handset．（64）Seeing （see） that，he chose to massage（按摩） her back．"My mother was still looking at her cell phone，（65）without a sign of a smile on her face，and I felt even（66）sadder （sad），"he wrote in the diary"Heart-broken Women's Day"．His mother felt ashamed after reading the diary and（67）made （make） up her mind to spend more quality time with her son．
（68）An interview with students found nearly 70percent say（69）their （they） parents are often absorbed in the phones．Parents are urged to pay close attention to family education because it（70）is （be） they who are the first teachers to influence children．
8．The Scottish countryside will soon be home to creatures which are strange to Britain．This spring，17beavers will be released into a remote area of rivers and forests．Hunted to die out throughout Europe，beavers haven't roamedin Britain's wilderness for almost 500years．Ecologists would like to invite back other long-lost animals to help recover the natural balance．To save the country's plants from deer，which have doubled to 2million since the start of this decade，an Oxford University biologist late last year called for introducing the lynx（猞猁） that died out in Britain 1，300years ago．
Nature has long been a popular cause in Europe．British people love their countryside of fences and fields，and the Germans love their hiking forests．But in recent years people have set their sights on the more distant past，when Europe's forests were filled with elephants，rhinoceroses and big cats．Some people are even now advocating a return to the way of wilderness that dates back to the Pleistocene era，more than 11，000years ago．
Nobody is advocating allowing elephants and lions to run crazily in big cities．But supporters would give free control to a long list of small mammals，including the beaver and lynx，which some people fear could be dangerous．Some landowners are worried at the thought of beavers cutting down trees and possible floods； the Scottish parliament refused several earlier efforts to introduce the mammal．Proposals to set wolves and bears free in Britain have also met with opposition．
Although the beavers and the lynxes were popular in Europe thousands of years ago，no one is sure what effect they would have on ecosystems now．"The idea of bringing back big animals is interesting，but when you take it seriously，there are a lot of questions，"say some biologists．For example，elephants could destroy what little forest and grassland Europe has left．
The beavers of Tierra del Fuego provide a lesson．When a failed commercial fur farm released its few remaining beavers into the wild 60years ago，the population exploded，and are still harming the local people．Is this Britain's future？Supporters say no，the beaver will fit right in．Destroying nature is not a job for the wild．

41．The underlined word"roamed"most probably meansA
A．walked   
B．released    
C．developed   
D．exploded
42．Why did the Oxford University biologist call for introducing the lynx？B
A．Because the lynx died out in Britain 1，300years ago．
B．Because the lynx can prevent the plants from being destroyed by deer．
C．Because there are too many deer in Britain．
D．Because the biologist wanted to invite back the long-lost species．
43．What can we learn from Para.3？C
A．Not all the people support setting loose wild animals in Britain．
B．Some small mammals will be out of control in Britain．
C．The landowners don't like beavers because of the possible disasters．
D．British Parliament has proposed several times to bring beavers back．
44．What is the opinion of the biologists about bringing back the mammals？B
A．They consider bringing them back to be fantastic．
B．They think bringing them back is no easy task．
C．They know for sure the result of bringing them back．
D．They think the mammals will destroy the ecosystem．
45．What can be inferred from the passage？B
A．Beavers are the most useful mammals to the balance of Britain．
B．Lynxes may get more freedom in Britain than tigers do．
C．The ecosystem in Britain doesn't need any changes．
D．Beavers released in Britain will destroy nature．

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网