题目内容

2.A glass a day keeps obesity at bay.Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content,but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet.Looking at past studies they found that,while heavy drinkers do put on weight,those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says,"Light to moderate alcohol intake,especially of wine,may be more likely to protect against,rather than promote,weight gain".The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions,particularly that current data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.
Boston University's Dr.Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood.His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病),which relate to increasing obesity.Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat,and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods.They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks,taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one's risk of becoming obese.What's more,a study three years ago suggested that reveratrol,a compound present in grapes and red wine,destroys fat cells.

46.The passage is mainly for thoseD.
A.who produce wine  
B.who are eager to lose weight
C.who go on a diet   
D.who have a drinking habit.
47.The underlined phrase"in moderation"in the first paragraph meansA.
A.properly          
B.carefully
C.excitedly         
D.frequently
48.Why has alcohol been thought to cause weight gain?B
A.Because its calories are stored in fat.
B.Because it is rich in sugar.
C.Because it changes drinking patterns.
D.Because it increases the risk of diabetes.
49.What can we learn from the passage?C
A.The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.
B.Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.
C.The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.
D.Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.
50.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?B
A.How to do some easy experiments.
B.How to prove the finding mentioned above.
C.How to make wine in a healthy way.
D.How to reduce the calories contained in wine.

分析 一直以来酒是肥胖者的禁忌.但现在越来越多的研究表明有节制的饮酒不仅不会导致肥胖,而且其中的某些成分还能破坏肥胖细胞.所以,现在有一个理念:每天一杯可以防止肥胖症.文章正是对此观点的描述.

解答 46.D.主旨大意题.纵观全文可了解到作者在说酒与肥胖的关系并且建议a glass a day could form part of a diet可知,有饮酒习惯的人是最感兴趣的.故选D.
47.A.词义猜测题.excitedly兴奋地;carefully细心地,认真地;properly合适地;frequently频繁地.根据文章前一句"Looking at past studies they found that,while heavy drinkers do put on weight"中的heavy相对应,可推测原句说的应是适当饮酒的人.故选A.
48.B.推理判断题.根据文章第一段"Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content,"可知,因为含高糖物质,所以酒被认为能增肥.故选B.
49.C.细节理解题.根据文章"His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes,which relate to increasing obesity."可知,有节制的饮酒会有强烈的保护作用.C项描述正确.故选C.
50.B.推理判断题.作者开篇提出观点"酒不仅不增肥,有节制的饮酒还能减肥",下文中从不同角度证明前半部分没有明确的根据,最后作者提到葡萄酒中还有能破坏肥胖细胞的物质白藜芦醇.可推测接下来作者应该继续证明自己的观点.故选B.

点评 本文是健康环保类阅读,考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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20.Can eating a chocolate bar every day really prevent age-related memory loss?No.But a new research shows that large amounts of flavones,substances found in cocoa,tea and some kinds of vegetables,may improve age-related memory failure.
Dr.Scott Small is a professor of neurology at Columbia University  in new York City.He is the lead writer of a research paper describing the effects of cocoa flavones on brain activity  His study involved 37volunteers aged between 50and 69.Researchers gave them a high-level flavones drink made from cocoa beans or a low-level flavones drink.For a period of three months,some subjects got 900milligrams of flavones a day.The others got 10milligrams of flavones each day.Brain imaging and memory tests were given to each study subject before and after the study Dr.Small says that the subjects who had the high-level flavones drink showed much improvement on memorytests.
The researchers warn that more work is needed to be done because this study was performed  only on a small group.Dr.Joann Manson is the lead researcher of a four.year study involving 18,000adults.This study will use flavones capsules(胶囊) The study subjects will be divided into two groups and will take two pills per day.The capsules used will all Look the same.But one group's capsules will contain flavones,while the other group will take capsules made of an inactive substance,or placebo
Dr.Manson says it's not necessary for people to start eating more chocolate,because 3person would have to eat a huge amount of chocolate to get the same level of flavones given to the Lest subjects.He adds many manufacturers have planned to remove the flavones from their chocolate products.Similarity,Dr.says a cocoa-based flavones extract(提取)may be developed in the future But he says that more studies are needed to see how much flavones is good for our health.

32.What was done to the subjects alter Dr.Small's study?C
A.They were asked to take a high-level flavones drink
B  They were given capsules containing flavones
C  They were given brain imaging and memory tests
D  They were asked to take two pills of flavones capsules per day
33.What's the similarity of the 2experiments?D
A Both use high-level flavones capsules
B The number of the subjects is the same
C Drinks and placebos are used in both experiments
D The subjects are divided into two groups in both experiments
34.Why will Dr.Manson carry out the four-year study?B
A To prove the first experiment is wrong
B To carry out the experiment further
C To test how much flavones can improve our memory.
D To show eating chocolate is better to improve memory.
35.What can we learn from the last paragraph?C
A It's not necessary for us to eat chocolate
B The more we eat flavones,the better our health will be
C In the future we can get flavones without eating chocolate
D  It's easy for people to get the same level of flavones given to the test subjects.
5.Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in tight job market.
Bob Crossley,a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day."It's amazing how many candidates eliminate (淘汰) themselves,"he says."Resumes (简历) arrive with faults.Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly.Once I see a mistake,I refuse the candidates,"Crossley concludes,"If they cannot take care of these details,why should we trust them with a job?"
Can we pay too much attention to details?Absolutely not.
Perfectionists(完美主义者) struggle over little things instead of something larger they work toward."To keep from losing the forest for the trees,"says Charles Garfield,the professor at the University of California,San Francisco,"We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working will influence the larger picture.If they don't,we should drop them and move to something else."
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA."The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90percent of the time,"says Garfield."But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact position of our goal.This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary."Knowing where to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Again and again,we see that by doing little things within our grasp well,large rewards follow.
67.According to the passage,some job applicants were refused because they areB.
A.too limitedly educated to write a perfect resume
B.so careless that they make some spelling mistakes in their resume
C.so careless that they forget the company's name
D.too foolish to spell the company's name correctly
68.From the passage,we can infer that a perfectionist willD.
A.change their goals as the situations change
B.lose their jobs by paying too much attention to details
C.pay attention to details as much as to their major goals
D.pay attention to details more than their major goals
69.Garfield makes his opinion believable byC.
A.giving ideas of experts              B.offering examples of resumes
C.providing an example of his work.D.showing the results of experiments
70.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?A

I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point (次要点)C:Conclusion.
7.Climate change could affect food supplies,water resources,human health and homes.
If greenhouse gas emissions keep increasing at the current rate,global temperature is expected to rise between 2°C and 6°C by 2100.This doesn't sound much,but a 5°C change is the difference between the current warm period and an ice age.
Global warming leads to other changes in the climate:melting ice,more evaporation(蒸发),changes in geographical patterns of rainfall,heavier downpours separated by longer dry spells,more frequent heat waves,more intense hurricanes,and sea level rise.
These changes could affect crop growth as drought,increased evaporation and shrinking glaciers(冰川)disrupt water supply.Some crops could suffer heat stress.While there may be benefits in some regions,overall climate change is likely to have a negative impact on global food supplies.The impacts of climate change on agriculture will vary widely around the world.A global temperature rise of 1-2°C is expected to increase food production in some regions,particularly mid-latitude areas.But in tropical regions even a small amount of warming could reduce crop yields.A temperature rise of 3°C or more could threaten global food resources,as all regions are likely to experience negative impacts overall.
Freshwater resources could also diminish,especially in tropical regions,as rain patterns change and evaporation speeds up.Some communities could lose essential melt water as glaciers disappear,while more intense rainfall and hurricanes could cause more flooding,leading to water pollution and bacterial diseases such as cholera(霍乱)becoming more widespread.
Climate change could lead to a variety of health impacts-both positive and negative.On the negative side,scientists anticipate more cases of malnutrition,heatstroke and waterborne diseases such as cholera.Although some populations will benefit from a reduced risk of cold-related illnesses such as hypothermia,overall a warming world is likely to have negative effects on human health.
Scientists also expect damage to homes and buildings from more intense hurricanes,heavier rainfall and rising sea levels.Climate change is likely to affect infrastructure by increasing the risk of both coastal and inland flooding around the world,owing to a combination of heavier rainfall,rising sea levels and increased storm damage.Homes and buildings could also be affected by the thawing of frozen ground and greater risk of forest fires.
The consequences of climate change will have an impact on people around the world.

67.With global temperature increased by 1-2°C,D.
A.crops yields could be increased in tropical regions
B.food production could rise throughout the world
C.chances are that food resources would be threatened overall
D.mid-latitude areas are likely to experience positive impacts
68.The underlined word"hypothermia"in Paragraph 6 possibly means a serious medical condition caused byA.
A.lower temperature than normal       
B.higher temperature than normal
C.more cases of malnutrition               
D.cases of waterborne diseases
69.According to the passage,climate change has both positive and negative effects onC.
A.food supplies and buildings         
B.freshwater resources and homes
C.human health and food supplies      
D.human health and homes
70.The passage is mainly meant to tell usB.
A.how global warming leads to changes in the climate
B.how climate change affects people worldwide 
C.why climate change affects our crop growth
D.why climate change contributes to all bad results.
3.Kataria is the founder of the worldwide laughter movement.The celebration of World Laughter Day is a positive activity for world peace and is intended to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter.The first"World Laughter Day"gathering took place in Mumbai,India,on 11th January,1998.12,000members from India and international Laughter Clubs attended it.Now there are over 5,000Laughter Clubs worldwide on all 5continents.
"HAPPY-DEMIC"was the first World Laughter Day gathering outside India.It took place on 9th January,two years after the Mumbai gathering.In Copenhagen,Denmark,more than 10,000people gathered at Town Hall Square.The event went into Guinness Book of World Records."World Laughter Day"is now organized on the first Sunday of May every year.Hundreds of people gather worldwide on that day to laugh together.
Today,many people fear widespread international terrorism.The world has never faced so much unrest before.People are at war within themselves.Laughter is a universal language,which has the ability to unite humanity without religion.Laughter can build a common connection between various religions and create a new world order.The idea may sound over-ambitious(野心太大的),and maybe it is.But maybe it is not.It is our deep belief that laughter and only laughter can unite the world,building up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship.
Studies also say that laughter helps your body do the fol-lowing:lower blood pressure; lighten depression; reduce stress; work out the heart,especially for those who are unable to perform physical exercise.So in life,when you can laugh,you should laugh loudly and with your entire body-because it's good for you.

50.The purpose of celebrating World Laughter Day isA.
A.to build up a global sense of brotherhood and friendship through laughter.
B.to build a common connection between various religions
C.to reduce stress and lighten depression
D.to lower blood pressure.
51.The first World Laughter Day gathering outside India took placeD.
A.on 11th January,1998
B.on ther first Sunday of May
C.on 9th January,1996
D.on 9th January,2000
52.The author's attitude towards laughter movement isA.
A.positive
B.negative
C.uninterested
D.objective
53.The passage is mainly aboutA.
A.world Laughter Day and its significance.
B.the worldwide laughter movement
C.a universal language
D.laughter.

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