题目内容

A recent study suggests that teens’ relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don’t get a good night’s sleep.
David Maume, a sociologist and sleep researcher, analyzed federal health data, which interviewed 974 teenagers when they were 12, and then again at 15. He found that family dynamics (动态) have much to do with how well kids sleep. Teens, who had warm relations with their parents and felt like they could talk to them or their parents were supportive of them, tended to sleep better. However, families that were going through a divorce or a remarriage tended to affect teens’ sleep.
And problems at school also affected teens’ sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep. As did good relationships with friends. Kids who took part in sports or other positive social activities or shared similar academic goals with their friends were also more likely to get a good night’s sleep.
These add up to what makes lots of sense: a general feeling of well-being helps teens sleep. If we’re happy and contented, we’re much more likely to sleep better than if we’re sad and anxious.
Now, of course, teens can hardly resist being drawn to their computers and social networking. Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better. It’s a finding that seems obvious, but parents really do matter when it comes to health habits of their teenagers.
Clearly, teenagers aren’t getting 9 to 10 hours a night, which puts them at risk for all the consequences of lack of sleep, including poor academic performance, colds and stress.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A.Teens’ sleep is linked to their relationship with people around them.
B.Lack of adequate sleep puts teens at risk of many bad consequences.
C.Modern technology has something to do with teens’ sleep problems.
D.It is necessary for teens to join in sports and positive social activities.
小题2:According to Maume’s analysis, who will probably have a poor night’s sleep?
A.Teens who feel like talking with their parents.
B.Teens who have friends sharing their dreams.
C.Teens who feel contented about themselves.
D.Teens who lack a sense of security at school.
小题3: Para 5 functions as              .
A.a comparison B.an introductionC.a conclusionD.an addition
小题4: Parents are supposed to               when their kids are growing up.
A.continue their broken marriage
B.allow children to decide when to sleep
C.limit teens’ using new technology
D.force teens to have 10 hours’ sleep daily

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C

试题分析:文章介绍一项研究发现,年轻人和家人和学校同学的关系影响他们的睡眠,还有现代科技也影响年轻人的睡眠。
小题1:主旨题:从全篇文章和第一段的句子:A recent study suggests that teens’ relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don’t get a good night’s sleep.
可知这篇文章讲的是年轻人的睡眠和他们周围的人有关,选A
小题2:细节题:从文章第三段的句子; And problems at school also affected teens’ sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep.可知根据Maume所说在学校缺乏安全感的年轻人睡眠差,选 D
小题3:写作手法题:从第五段的句子:Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better.可知这段是一个补充,选D
小题4:细节题:从文章第五段的句子:Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better.可知父母应该在孩子成长的过程中限制孩子使用新科技,选C
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Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships .One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful conditions .Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties .Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways .First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us .Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support .They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力)us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—money aid ,material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
56. Interpersonal relationships are important because _______.
A. they are indispensable(不可缺少的)to people’s social well-being   
B. they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources
C. they help people to cope with life in the information era
D. they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc
57. Research shows that people's physical and mental health _______.
A. relies on the social medical care systems which support them
B. has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D. is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
58. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions”?
(Line 1, Para 2)
A. adds up to                      B. does away with
C. lessens the effect of                D. lays the foundation for
59. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _______.
A. instrumental support             B. informational support
C. social companionship             D. the strengthening of self-respect
60. Social companionship is beneficial in that__________.
A. it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B. it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
C. it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable
D. it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
Cell phones:  is there a cancer link?
Could your cell phone give you cancer? Whether it could or not, some people are worrying about the possibility that phones, power lines and Wi-Fi could be responsible for a range of illnesses, from rashes to brain tumors.
Some say there is evidence to support the growing anxieties. David Carpenter, a professor of environmental health sciences at the university at Albany, in New York, thinks there’s a greater than 95 percent chance that power lines can cause childhood leukemia(白血病). Also there’s a greater than 90 percent chance that cell phones can cause brain tumors. “It’s apparent now that there’s a real risk, ” said Carpenter.
But others believe these concerns are unjustified. Dr Martha Linet, the head of radiation epidemiology(流行病学) at the US National Cancer Institute, has looked at the same research as Carpenter but has reached a different conclusion. “I don’t support warning labels for cell phones, ” said Linet. “We don’t have the evidence that there’s much danger. ”
Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs(电磁场) and illness— so weak that it might not exist at all. A multinational investigation of cell phones and brain cancer, in 13 countries outside the US, has been underway for several years. It’s funded in part by the European Union, in part by a cell phone industry group. The final report should come out later this year, but data so far don’t suggest a strong link between cell phone use and cancer risk.
小题1:From the passage we can learn that some people are worried because _______.
A.they have evidence that the use of cell phones can lead to cancer
B.they make a fuss over cell phone use
C.some experts have given a warning
D.cell phones are responsible for brain tumors
小题2:By saying “I don’t support warning labels for cell phones, ” Dr Martha Linet has the idea that _______.
A.the worrying is unnecessary
B.cancer-warning labels should be on cell phones
C.there is a link between cell phones and cancer
D.cell phones have nothing to do with cancer
小题3:Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards the debate?
A.Optimistic. B.Objective.
C.Opposite. D.Casual. ]
Eco City Farms(生态城市农场) are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community(社区). People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable.“I like coming out here,”he says,“You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together,”she continues,“Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration(示范) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.”she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost(肥料)made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green house use a geothermal(地热)system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables ”say five-year-old Owen Moss.
小题1:What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A.Eco City Farms save a lot of energy.
B.Eco City Farms are gaining popularity.
C.Eco City Farms are influencing community life.
D.Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better.
小题2:According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT______.
A.shopping centers B.car repair shops
C.fast-food restaurantsD.working-class community
小题3:What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?
A.Enthusiastic(热心的).B.Disappointed.
C.Surprised.D.Doubtful.
小题4:In which column(专栏) of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?
A.People.B.Travel.C.Environment.D.Education.
People born in winter are more likely to suffer mental health disorders, according to a recent study carried out by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee.
Researchers raised baby mice from birth to weaning (断奶) in either “summer” light cycles of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark or “winter” cycles of 8 hours of light and 16 hours of dark. A third group experienced 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark a day.
Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. The summer mice were similarly split. The mice raised in equal periods of light and dark were split into three groups, one of which stayed on the 12­hour schedule, one of which joined the winter group, and one of which joined the summer group.
After 28 days, it turns out the summer­born mice behaved the same whether they stayed on the summer cycle or switched to winter. But among the winter­born mice, those stayed in winter kept their previous schedule, while those that switched to summer stayed active for an extra hour and a half, which indicates that mice born and weaned in a winter light cycle showed dramatic disruptions in their biological clocks.
The finding is the first of its kind in mammals, and it could explain why people born in winter are at higher risk for mental health disorders including bipolar depression, schizophrenia and seasonal affective disorder.
“We know that the biological clock regulates mood in humans,”said study researcher McMahon. “If the mechanism (机制) similar to the one that we found in mice operates in humans, then it could not only have an effect on a number of behavioral disorders, but also have a more general effect on personality.”
小题1:How many groups of mice are there finally in all in the experiment?
A.Four.B.Five.C.Six. D.Seven.
小题2:What's the main idea of the text?
A.The biological clock regulates mood in humans.
B.People born in winter are at higher risk for physical health disorders.
C.Being born in winter has a negative effect on people's mental health.
D.The length of light will influence the behavior of the mice.
小题3:The underlined word “split”(Paragraph 3) can be replaced by ________.
A.endedB.tornC.hitD.divided
小题4:Who is the appropriate reader of the passage?
A.A job­hunter.B.A student in the university.
C.A newly­married couple.D.An experienced dentist.
We humans love to scare ourselves. Newspapers and TV news are full of shock-horror stories about the killer flu virus(流感病毒)but are there things we can do to cut our risk of catching it?
Every year, people in Britain catch the flu virus and some of those who are already ill, or are very young, may die. It is very sad, but modern treatment means that many deaths can be avoided.
Experts tell us that the world is another flu epidemic(流行)and that the latest bird-flu virus would be the most likely cause. Humans can catch the disease only after closely contacting with a sick bird. However, if someone who had normal flu was to come into contact with bird flu, this could be very dangerous. The bird flu virus could attach(附在)itself to the human flu virus, mutate and then start to spread from person to person.
Coughs and sneezes(打喷嚏)always have spread diseases, especially colds and flu, and they still do. If bird flu does begin to infect humans, it will spread through coughs and sneezes.
If you want to stay free of flu and someone coughs or sneezes at you, what should you do?
First, keep your hands away from your face and wash them and your face as soon as you can. If a cough or a sneeze spray misses your face and you accidentally touch a droplet with your hands and then touch your face, the flu or cold bug could creep into your system.
小题1:The chances of most people catching bird flu are very small because __________.
A.they are strong enough to resist the infection
B.only after closely contacting a sick bird can they be infected
C.bird flu does not happen very often in the world
D.only those who are ill can be infected
小题2:In the passage the underlined word “mutate” probably means“__________”.
A.differB.produceC.increase D.change
小题3:If a man with common flu is infected with bird flu, __________.
A.there must be no cure for him
B.the disease will spread among humans
C.he must feel cold
D.he is likely to die
小题4:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.Bird flu is the most dangerous disease.
B.Normal flu can be easily changed into Bird flu.
C.We don’t need to worry about flu virus.
D.The person who has normal flu and comes into contact with bird flu can easily get Bird flu.
小题5:The last paragraph of the passage tells us __________.
A.the reason why people with flu often cough
B.coughs and sneezes are very dangerous
C.how to protect ourselves from being infected
D.how to avoid coughs and sneezes
Nuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.
Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no levels of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(辐射)and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.     
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.         
小题1:Which of the following statements is true?                   
A.Nuclear radiation is just like common radio waves.
B.Nuclear radiation can cause cancer to human beings.
C.Nuclear radiation can be detected by human senses.
D.Nuclear radiation can be safe to human beings if its level is low.
小题2:How can nuclear radiation kill an animal?                    
A.By damaging its heart.B.By killing a few cells.
C.By hitting any place in its body.D.By killing many cells in important organs.
小题3: If a human being is hit by nuclear radiation, he may _______.
A.die of cancer after many yearsB.die immediately
C.have a child who may be born weak D.all of the above
The rising costs of health care have become a problem for many countries in the world. To deal with this problem, it is recommended that a big part of the government’s health budget be used for health education and disease prevention instead of treatment. Actually, many kinds of diseases are preventable in many ways and preventing a disease is usually much cheaper than treating it. For example, people could avoid catching a cold if they dressed warmly when the weather starts getting cold. But many people get sick because they fail to do so, and have to spend money seeing a doctor.
Daily habits like eating more healthy food would have kept millions of families from becoming bankrupt if the patients had taken measures for early prevention. For instance, keeping a balanced diet, such as not consuming too much animal fat and insuring a steady intake of vegetables and frits, seems to be quite important.
One very effective and costless way of prevention is regular exercise, which is necessary for a healthy mind and body. Regular exercise, such as running, walking, and playing sports is a good way to make people feel better and reduce stress.
In addition, health education plays a key role in improving people’s health. By giving people more information about health, countries could help people understand the importance of disease prevention and ways to achieve it. For example, knowing one’s family medical history is an effective way to help keep healthy. Information about health problem among close relatives will make them aware of what they should do to prevent certain diseases through lifestyle changes, Which will work before it is too late. 
However, stressing disease prevention does not mean medical treatment is unimportant. After all, prevention and treatment are just two different means toward the same effect. In conclusion, we could save money on health care and treat patients more successfully if our country spends more money on health prevention and education.
小题1:What’s the best title of the passage?
A.Prevention or Education?B.Prevention or Treatment?
C.Health or Illness?D.Exercise or Illness?
小题2:Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bankrupt”?
A.Unable to be curedB.Unable to pay one’s debts
C.Stronger than ever beforeD.More successful than ever before
小题3: We learn form the passage that _______
A.dressing warmly can prevent disease
B.a balanced diet is cheaper than regular exercise
C.the more health education, the better
D.the government’s health budget should be increased
小题4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
 
The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1. How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
Finding:A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
Step:Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush.
Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2. How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
Finding:Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day----half of the number doctors recommend.
Step:We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
Finding:Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
Step:Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
小题1:What is found out American seniors?
A.Most of then have good habits.
B.Nearly 30% of then bathe three days a week.
C.About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day
D.All of then are fighting germs better than expected..
小题2:Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands     .
A.eight times a dayB.three times a day
C.four times a day D.twice a day
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.We should keep from touching our faces.
B.There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth.
C.A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
D.We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
小题4:The text probably comes from       .
A.a guide bookB.a popular magazine
C.a book review D.an official document

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