题目内容

A man found the cocoon(茧) of a butterfly, One day a small          appeared , He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it        to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any         . It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go         further.
So the man decided to        the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon.
The butterfly came out      .  But it then had a swollen（肿胀的）body and small, shriveled (褶皱的)         .
The man          to watch the butterfly because he’d expected that , at any moment, the wings would enlarge to be able to          the body , which would contract (缩小) in time . So he waited patiently.
        happened! In fact, the butterfly         _the rest of its life crawling (爬行)around with a swollen body and shriveled wings , It was never able to         .What a shame!
The man, in his kindness and fast action, made a         . He did not understand that the suffering and the struggle         for the butterfly to get through the tiny hole were nature’s way of          fluid (体液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings          it would be ready for flight once it achieved its          from the cocoon.
　 Sometimes struggles are         what we need in our lives. If nature allowed us to go through our lives          any difficulties , it would weaken or even disable us. We would not be as          as what we could have been . We could never fly !
小题1:
A．markB．insect C．signD．opening
小题2:
A．learned B．struggledC．pretendedD．expected
小题3:
A．progress B．decisionC．choiceD．noise
小题4:
A．anyB．stillC．noD．much
小题5:
A．studyB．help C．troubleD．leave
小题6:
A．silentlyB．naturallyC．easilyD．excitedly
小题7:
A．wingsB．legsC．feetD．head
小题8:
A．waitedB．stoppedC．hopedD．continued
小题9:
A．examineB．coverC．trustD．support
小题10:
A．NeitherB．AllC．EitherD．Both
小题11:
A．devotedB．spent C．put asideD．gave up
小题12:
A．walkB．flyC．get throughD．get up
小题13:
A．mistakeB．discoveryC．faceD．fortune
小题14:
A．wastedB．watchedC．requiredD．searched
小题15:
A．forcingB．makingC．producingD．letting
小题16:
A．even thoughB．as ifC．so that D．in case
小题17:
A．energyB．freedomC．progressD．life
小题18:
A．almostB．probablyC．hardlyD．exactly
小题19:
A．withB．byC．fromD．without
小题20:
A．wiseB．satisfiedC．strongD．patient

小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:B
小题6:C
小题7:A
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:A
小题11:B
小题12:B
小题13:A
小题14:C
小题15:A
小题16:C
小题17:B
小题18:D
小题19:D
小题20:C

试题分析：这篇短文中好心的人帮助一只正在破茧的蝴蝶，结果最终却害了这只蝴蝶，从而昭示了一个深刻的人生哲理——有时候在我们的生活中努力奋斗正是我们所需要的。
小题1:考查名词辨析：A. mark标记，B. insect昆虫，C. sign迹象，标志，D. opening开口，从下文：force its body through that little hole.可知是出现一个小口子，选D
小题2:考查动词辨析：A. learned  学习，B. struggled挣扎，C. pretended假装，D. expected期待，根据句意可知把身体挣扎着从小洞中强行挤出来。选B
小题3:考查名词辨析：A. progress进步，进展，B. decision决定，C. choice选择，D. noise噪音，从下文的：It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go    39    further.可知不再有进展，选A
小题4:考查词义辨析：A. any任何的，B. still仍然，C. no不，D. much很多，根据句意可知这里是指蛾已经达到了最高的程度，不能再进一步了。用any修饰比较级，表示“一点…”，选C
小题5:考查名词辨析：A. study学习，B. help帮助，C. trouble困难，D. leave离开，看到这种情况决定去帮帮它。选B
小题6:考查副词：A. silently沉默地，B. naturally自然地，C. easily容易地，D. excitedly兴奋地，蝴蝶很容易的出来了，选C
小题7:考查名词辨析：A. wings翅膀，B. legs  腿，C. feet脚，D. head头，从下文的the wings would enlarge to be able to    44     the body ,可知但是它的身体肿胀，翅膀是小的褶皱的，选A
小题8:考查动词辨析：A. waited等待，B. stopped停止，C. hoped希望，D. continued继续，由下文可知那个人仍然在观察这蝴蝶的情况。选D
小题9:考查动词辨析：Aexamine 检查，B. cover覆盖，C. trust信任，D. support支持，他希望翅膀可以变大能够支撑身体。选D
小题10:考查代词：A. Neither两者都不，B. All三者以上都，C. Either   两者中任何一个，D. Both两者都，上文说到的两种情况都没有发生，选A
小题11:考查动词辨析：A. devoted奉献，致力于，B. spent花费，度过，C. put aside放置一边D. gave up放弃，这只蝴蝶最终没有飞起来，它的余生只能在地上爬行度过。选B
小题12:考查动词辨析：A. walk 走，B. fly飞，C. get through接通，D. get up起床，这个蝴蝶永远不能飞了，选B
小题13:考查名词辨析：A. mistake错误，B. discovery发现，C. face脸，D. fortune财产，运气，这个人因为自己的好意和轻率的行为，犯了一个错，选A
小题14:考查动词辨析：A. wasted浪费，B. watched 观看，C. required要求，D. searched寻找，可知茧子的限制和要求蝴蝶从小小的洞里出来的努力都是一种自然的让液体从蝴蝶的进入翅膀的过程。选C
小题15:考查动词辨析：A. forcing强迫，B. making制作，C. producing生产，D. letting让， force  fluid (体液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings迫使液体从蝴蝶的进入翅膀，选A
小题16:考查连词：A. even though即使，B. as if好像，C. so that为了，D. in case以防，这样它才可以为发行做好准备，选C
小题17:考查名词辨析：A. energy能量，精力，B. freedom自由，C. progress进步，D. life生活，一旦它从茧里面获得自由，选B
小题18:考查副词：A. almost几乎，B. probably可能，C. hardly几乎不，D. exactly确切地，有时，这个努力确实是我们生活中需要的，选D
小题19:考查介词：A. with和，B. by通过，C. from来自，从，D. without没有，如果我们没有经历奋斗就完成了，选D
小题20:考查形容词：A. wise明智的，B. satisfied满意的，C. strong强大的，D. patient耐心的，从下文We could never fly !可知我们就不会足够坚强，选C
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My father was a foreman of a sugar-cane plantation(甘蔗种植园) in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed(耕) the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox(牛), guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks.
It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could. I’ve never been late for any job since. I also learned about being respectful and faithful to the people you work for. More important, I earned my pay; it never entered my mind to say I was sick just because I didn’t want to work.
I was only six years old, but I was doing a man’s job. Our family needed every dollar we could make because my father never earned more than $ 18 a week. Our home was a three-room wood shack with a dirty floor and no toilet. Nothing made me prouder than bringing home money to help my mother, father, two brothers and three sisters. This gave me self-esteem(自尊心), one of the most important things a person can have.
When I was seven, I got work at a golf course(高尔夫球场) near our house. My job was to stand down the fairway and spot the balls as they landed, so the golfers could find them. Losing a ball meant you were fired, so I never missed one. Some nights I would lie in bed and dreamt of making thousands of dollars by playing golf and being able to buy a bicycle.
The more I dreamed, the more I thought. Why not? I made my first golf club out of guava limb(番石榴树枝) and a piece of pipe. Then I hammered an empty tin can into the shape of a ball. And finally I dug two small holes in the ground and hit the ball back and forth. I practiced with the same devotion and intensity. I learned working in the field — except now I was driving golf balls with club, not oxen with a broomstick. 
小题1:The word “tedious” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _______.
A．easyB．boringC．interestingD．unusual
小题2:The writer learned that_______ from his first job.
A．he should work for those who he liked most
B．he should work longer than what he was expected
C．he should never fail to say hello to his owner
D．he should be respectful and faithful to the people he worked for
小题3:_______ gave the writer self-esteem.
A．Having a family of eight people
B．Owning his own golf course
C．Bringing money back home to help the family
D．Helping his father with the work on the plantation
How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.
"Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity," notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase "as a gift—that is, as something you've chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached."
Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.
The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.
Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.
To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.
"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."   
小题1:Which of the following is true about the research?
A．None of the participants earned more than $4 an hour in previous jobs.
B．89 of the participants got a $1 wage raise for their high productivity.
C．It was so important that the budget for it was increased in the process.
D．Stamina shown in it was positively related to the amount of money paid.
小题2:What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?
A．The quality of being intelligent or clever.
B．The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.
C．The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.
D．A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.
小题3:Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?
A．Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.
B．Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.
C．Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.
D．Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.
小题4:What can we infer from this passage?
A．No pains, no gains.
B．It matters not what we give but how.
C．Honesty is the best policy.
D．Actions speak louder than words.
During the last fifteen years of my mother's life she suffered with Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆). Until then she had been a bright, cheerful woman deeply interested and involved in the world around her. I would go home to visit her in Virginia and she would look at me in a puzzled way and ask, “Who are you?”  I would answer, “I'm your son.”  “Where do you live?”  She would ask. “In California”, I would tell her. “Isn't that interesting,” she would say, “I have a son in California.”
She seemed simply forgetful and confused at the beginning of the disease, but later on she would go through periods of intense anxiety. She would pace through the house she had lived in most of her life crying uneasily that she wanted to go home. Or she would leave home and wander away if she were unattended for a short time.   
Hoping to please her and put her mind at ease I would take her for a drive, visiting sites where she had lived as a child. In the yard of the hillside house in Shipman I sat in the car and admired the view of the old oaks and long green lawn. I pictured my mother there was a little girl playing with the pet lamb she had been so fond of. I looked to her for some response. She shook her head and said, “I want to go home.”
Over the years I have decided that what my mother was calling home was not a place, but a time. I suspect it was a time when she was much younger, when her children were still underfoot, when her husband was still vigorous and attentive.
Watching my mother's suffering set me wondering where I would have gone in mind if someday I couldn’t find home and wanted to go there. In this family we tend to be long-lived and we grow fuzzy (糊涂的) minded as the years go by. At eighty I have already noticed some alarming symptoms. My doctor says the forgetfulness is only natural and that it comes with age. Still the fear of Alzheimer's is haunting there. Someday if and when I become even more cloudy minded than I am now, unable to drive and unable to tell you where "home" is, my dear son, I expect I will ask you to take me home, I know you will do your best to find the place I need to be. I leave these notes for your guidance.               
小题1:What's the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
A．The author’s mother suffered with serious Alzheimer's disease.
B．The author’s mother forgot who’s his son.
C．The author didn’t know how to cure his mother.
D．The author’s mother couldn’t find her home.
小题2:What is not the symptom of the author’s mother ? 
A．cheerfulB．confusedC．forgetfulD．uneasy
小题3: What’s the meaning of the underlined word “pictured”?
A．photographedB．appearedC．describedD．painted
小题4:What can you infer from the third paragraph?
A．The author care much about his mother.
B．The author’s mother was fond of pet lambs.
C．The author saw a little girl playing with a pet lamb.
D．The author’s mother didn’t like her usual home.
小题5:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Take Mother Home.
B．Everyone will suffer with Alzheimer's disease.
C．A story about a son and a mother.
D．Where Is Home?
When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success.
Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.
This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones for success.
小题1:According to the passage, winners       .
A．blame themselves rather than others
B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives
C．have responsible and able colleagues
D．deal with problems rather than blame others
小题2:The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A．improveB．acceptC．avoid D．consider
小题3:When problems occur, winners take them as ______.
A．excuses for their failuresB．chances for self-development
C．challenges to their colleaguesD．barriers to greater power
小题4:Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A Winner’s Opportunity.B．A Winner’s Problem.
C．A Winner’s Secret.D．A Winner’s Achievement.
In the middle of a beautiful day, I was feeling lost, as if the world was crashing on me. didn't know which way to go, except to head out to the countryside. I went to the spot where I used to take my kids-when I still had kids. Now they had      and were leaving.
I was sitting alone in my car when I saw a man in his seventies, whose problem appeared bigger than mine. He stood near the edge of the road,       a kite spindle(风筝线锭) in his hands. Apparently, lost in thought, he stared skyward. I       my neck to see how successful he had been in       the clouds. Following his string with my eyes, I almost lost      0f the other end. Finally, the kite rested on what seemed to be the highest branch of the        tree in the park.  Obviously,  that was his grandson's kite!  The kite was a replica (复制品) of a beautiful bald eagle, and its wings spread       0pen. Grandpa had only one      to his problem: cut the string.
"You wanted it to fly as high as it could. Bill. didn't you?" "Yes, Grandpa,        wanted to keep it forever. " "There just comes a time when the only thing you can do is to cut the string and let it go. Perhaps by doing that, when it flies very high like real eagles do, it will come back to us. " Grandpa said.
I     how the old man cut the string to let fly the kite. As the two walked away, looked to the       . There I saw my answer, too. Today I have to cut the final strings that kept my two boys       my reach. Though I want to keep them forever, I have taught them to fly like an eagle. Maybe by doing this, when it's time to soar like real eagles do. one day they would come back to me.
小题1:
A．grown upB．turned upC．picked upD．taken up
小题2:
A．carryingB．grabbingC．keepingD．holding
小题3:
A．raisedB．spreadC．stretchedD．expanded
小题4:
A．reachingB．touchingC．gettingD．climbing
小题5:
A．sceneB．sightC．interestD．control
小题6:
A．thickestB．strongestC．tallestD．largest
小题7:
A．widelyB．wideC．tightlyD．closely
小题8:
A．methodB．hopeC．solutionD．result
小题9:
A．andB．soC．orD．but
小题10:
A．sensedB．glancedC．watchedD．found
小题11:
A．carB．skyC．kiteD．tree
小题12:
A．withinB．inC．beyondD．with
Last year, for a nationwide teacher conference, I was asked to make a presentation about my classroom. I immediately        to offer to the conference photo collections and mementos （纪念物）that would prove how meaningful teachers’ work was in the world of classroom.
So, for weeks, I looked        the drawers, boxes, and cupboard, hoping to find just the right prints that would tell of the spirit of my school and my community. All through September, I sought photos of lessons activties and accounts I had put away        in my house. I asked my colleagues to help me find images or objects that would        our most famous community members. By mid-October, I had made a list of them. But, I had also found something       , something much more dear, and very rare.
I found photos of Craig, a high school senior, who gave up two weeks one summer to help little kids draw pictures at a camp. I found notes from Calvin whom I had taught for almost six years, and remembered how he always made sure every classmate felt accepted. I found a resume written by Carrie who        herself without the help of parents, and who took night class, and never        one. I found a copy of Macbeth in Portuguese, which belonged to an exchange student who read it first in her own       , before reading it in ours. Thus she could be sure she wasn’t missing anything important in the       . I found all my students, the students who had made me laugh, the students who had        me with their courage and kindness, the students who had        me to question what I knew of the world outside my own world, the students who had inspired me to expect more from them and from myself.
There I was, standing at my filing cupboard reviewing        —not those I had taught, but the many I had learned.
I came to teaching,        most teachers do, hoping to touch the hearts and minds of my students. What I never expected was how        they would touch mine.
Today I walk through the door of my classroom ready to teach, but also        to learn from the young people who are excited to teach me about them —their insights and interests, problems and anxieties, hopes and expectations.
小题1:  
A．decidedB．managedC．preferredD．remembered
小题2:  
A．atB．overC．forD．through
小题3:  
A．anywhereB．everywhereC．somewhereD．nowhere
小题4:  
A．recognizeB．representC．regardD．replace
小题5:  
A．unknownB．familiarC．unexpectedD．funny
小题6:  
A．abandonedB．enjoyedC．relaxedD．supported
小题7:  
A．changedB．missedC．tookD．forgot
小题8:  
A．languageB．wayC．voiceD．mind
小题9:  
A．translationB．paperC．expressionD．copy
小题10: 
A．trustedB．filledC．providedD．moved
小题11: 
A．orderedB．consultedC．recommendedD．challenged
小题12: 
A．documentsB．lessonsC．essaysD．classes
小题13: 
A．asB．sinceC．even ifD．now that
小题14: 
A．carefullyB．seriouslyC．powerfullyD．slightly
小题15: 
A．nervousB．eagerC．confidentD．lucky
Almost everyone is afraid of something --- snakes, heights, public speaking and so on.
It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourselves.
But for some people, fear develops into a “phobia”, which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something. For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just because the company is on the 20th floor.
Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life. “People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was present,” Katherina Hauner, a researcher at Northwestern University, US, told ABC news. This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this disease.
Since fear comes from experience --- from what we are told, what we see others experience and what happens to us --- some scientists think if they can “rewrite” these unpleasant memories, they might be able to help people overcome their phobias.
In a study by Hauner and other scientists, participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush. Seeing that it was not actually dangerous, they then tried touching it while wearing a glove. Finally, they could hold it with their hands.
Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful. Back in 2010, researchers at the University of Hiroshima, Japan, injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish --- who was afraid of light --- to turn off the fear center in its brain. From then on, the fish no longer feared light.
While the search for solutions to phobias is making great progress, it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good. Some people want to use these methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their sense of fear. Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that’s a bad idea. “It’s fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,” he says. “There’s a name for people who don’t have fear of consequences: psychopaths (精神变态者).
小题1:The main point of the article is to ___________.
A．show us what kind of role fear plays in our lives
B．discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fear
C．inform us of fear and phobia
D．discuss scientific studies related to fear
小题2:How does the writer make the meaning of “phobia” clear?
A．By making comparisons.B．By giving examples.
C．By giving data in numbers.D．By giving descriptions.
小题3:Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?
A．New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed.
B．They can use phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourselves.
C．They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia.
D．They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia.
小题4:Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?
A．There is nothing to fear except fear itself.
B．We should not let fear affect our decisions.
C．Fear is not a completely bad thing.
D．Without fear, everyone would be brave.
When I was a kid, I was close to my dad, but as I grew older, my dad and I grew further apart. We always had totally different opinions. He thought that college was a waste of time, but for me it was important to finish college. He wanted me to work my way to the top as he had done in his field, but I wanted a different life. There was a time when we did not talk with each other.
A few months ago, I heard that my 84-year-old dad was in poor health. When he called and asked whether I could move from Colorado back to Tennessee to help him, I knew he was seriously ill. I am his only child and so it was time to meet my father’s requirement.
Two weeks after moving back, we bought a boat and started fishing again. Fishing was one of the few things that we did while I was young and that we both enjoyed. It is strange but true that as we are fishing we are able to put things that have kept us apart for so many years behind us. We are able to talk about things that we have never talked about before. Fishing has been healing the old wounds that have kept us apart
It is not important how many fish we catch. It is about enjoying the relationship that we have not had for years. I’m 62 and he is 84. When we are on the lake fishing, it is like two kids enjoying life. It is far better to find a way to put the unhappy past behind. I am so lucky to spend the happy time with my father in his last years. Now my heart is filled with love. A smile always graces my lips.           
小题1:The author and his father became further apart because______________.
A．they had different views on things
B．they lived very far from each other
C．they only communicated by phone
D．they seldom went to see each other
小题2:What made the author come back to Tennessee?
A．Because his father invited him to go fishing.
B．Because he decided to live in a different city.
C．Because his father is ill and needs caring.
D．Because he regretted being rude to his father.
小题3:For the author，fishing with his old father___________ .
A．helps cure his father’s disease
B．is a good way to get close to nature
C．makes him realize the importance of exercise
D．offers a chance for them to communicate
小题4:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The writer’s car is always breaking down.
B．Father intended me to be a fisherman.
C．I was unwilling to come back.
D．Father used to think it was useless to attend college..
小题5:What can be the best title for the text?
A．Forgiving Is DifficultB．Fishing Brings Us Together
C．Memories of Old DaysD．My Beloved Father

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