题目内容

Although there is no possibility of living completely free of stress , it is possible to prevent stress as well as reduce its effect when it can’t be avoided. The US Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for the ways to deal with stress.
Try physical activity
When you are nervous, angry or upset, try reducing the pressure through exercise of physical activity. Running, walking, playing tennis or working in your garden are just some of the activities you might try. Physical exercise will relieve your anxiety and worry and help you to relax. Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in your life.
Share your stress
It helps to talk to someone about your anxiety and worries. Perhaps a friend, family member, teacher or even your leader can help you a better view of what is troubling you. If you feel your problem is serious, you might seek professional help from psychologist or a doctor. Knowing when to ask for help is an important step in avoiding serious problem later
Take care of yourself
You should make every effort to eat well and get enough rest. If you easily get angry and cannot sleep well enough, or if you are not eating properly, it will be more likely that you will fall into stressful situations. If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult a doctor
Make time for yourself
Schedule time for both work and entertainment. Don’t forget, play can be just as important to your over-all well-being as work. You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun. Go window-shopping or work on a hobby. Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.
Make a list of things you need to do
Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there is so much to do, and not enough time.” Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything. Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed. Set out to do the more important tasks first.
Go ahead and cry
A good cry can a healthy way to bring relief to your anxiety. It might even help you avoid a headache or other physical effect of anxiety and stress
小题1:What is most probably the writer’s purpose in writing the article?
A．To release his or her working pressure
B．To help solve the universal problem of stress
C．To reduce her or his own anxiety
D．To help more people cry out
小题2: Physical activity can help people release stress in that ______
A．only your body movement can help you relax
B．your mind can work better to free you of anxiety
C．your body and mind can cooperate(合作) in releasing your stress
D．physics can always play in important part in reducing nervousness
小题3:What is the similarity between “Share your stress” and “ Go ahead and cry”?_____
A．They both help you let out your feelings
B．They both need physical movement
C．They both require mental relaxation
D．They can help you live an orderly life
小题4:The sentence “ Trying to take care of everything at once can be too much for you and as a result, you may not achieve anything” is close to the meaning of ______
A．Strike the iron while it is hotB．Practice makes perfect
C．More hurry, less speedD．Quietness wins time

小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C

试题分析： 健康环保类文章，美国人文健康部提出几条减轻或是预防生活中的压力的建议，倡导健康的心态和生活方式。
小题1:主旨大意题。作者写这篇文章的目的从文章开头的介绍就可以看出，他是为了帮助读者减轻或是预防压力，而有压力已经成为全球人民的问题，所以选择B。
小题2:细节题。考查身体活动和心理压力的关系。文章第二段指出Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in your life，即身心可以配合以减轻压力，所以选C
小题3:细节比较题。考察两个建议之间的相同点。Talk to someone about your anxiety and worries和bring relief to your anxiety是这两个建议的共同之处，即发泄情绪。所以选A
小题4:句意理解题。句子的意思是同时做太多事反而会搞砸。与之意思相匹配的选项是C，欲速则不达。
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People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds. It’s possible that being full of vim and vigor helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a positive emotional style is a major player in disease risk,” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher. 
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状).   
Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still probable that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.
Evidence suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic, with high self-respect and a sense of control over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our chances of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team interviewed 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative feelings they had experienced that day.
The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.
Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus, for example, 28 percent developed coughs and stuffy(堵塞)noses. On the other hand, those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less positive. Scientists argue about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are. For now, it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
A．how to get rid of coldsB．Attitude determines life
C．Smiles turn away colds D．Different opinions about colds
小题2:The word “full of vim and vigor” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably means_______.
A．ignorantB．well-informedC．energeticD．in low spirits
小题3:According to the finding a leading factor of catching colds should be one’s _______.
A．health.B．personality.C．qualityD．mood
小题4:By saying the last paragraph, the writer intends to suggest_______.
A．positiveemotionsareasgoodasnegativeemotions
B．itisnotnecessarilygoodforyouifyoualwayslookatproblemspositively
C．itwillbegoodforyourhealthtoalwayskeepupanoptimisticstateofmind
D．thesaying---everycoinhastwosides.
Those who spend more pre-bedtime hours using the Internet or watching television are more likely to report insufficient sleep, even though they sleep almost as long as people spending fewer pre-bedtime hours in front of a computer or television screen, survey findings show.
“While many people use electronic media, say, the Internet, it should be noted that the longer media use before sleep can trigger (self-perceived) insufficient sleep,” lead researcher Dr Nakamori Suganuma, of Osaka University, Japan, told the reporter.
He and colleagues obtained data on self-perceived sleep problems and the use of electronic media prior to bedtime from 5,875 altogether Japanese respondents in two separate Internet-based surveys. Their findings are published in Sleep and Biological Rhythms.
Nearly half of the respondents associated their problem with electronic media use before bedtime. Longer electronic media users were also more likely to report insufficient sleep.
“Overall, 29% of light users (less than 1.5 hours) listed electronic media use as a possible cause of their insufficient sleep. By comparison, 40% of medium users (1.5 to 3 hours) and 54% of heavy users (more than 3 hours) said the same. 
However, longer Internet and television use before bedtime did not correlate with less actual sleep.
While heavy users averaged about 3 more hours in front of computer or television screens than light users, the heavy users averaged only about 12 minutes less pre-workday sleep time than light users.
Notably, Suganuma said, "Internet use affected self-perceived insufficient sleep more than TV watching not only in younger Internet users but also in middle-aged or aged Internet users."
Up to 38% of the respondents listed accessing the Internet far into the night as a possible cause for their sleep disturbance, while about 25% said watching television far into the night caused it.
The findings suggest that while heavy computer and television use before bedtime has a small effect on sleep duration, it may have a more significant effect on "sleep demand and sleep quality," Suganuma notes.
小题1: Heavy computer and television user before bed time are more likely to be______ than light ones.
A．energeticB．happyC．sleepyD．clever
小题2:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Heavy computer and television user before bed time have less sleeping time than light ones.
B．Heavy computer and television user before bed time have worse sleep than light ones.
C．Those suffering insufficient sleep spend less time in using internet than in watching TV.
D．Spend less time in watching TV or surfing the internet, and you will have a better sleep.
小题3:The passage seems to suggest that people ______.
A．be far away from media.
B．watch TV rather than use internet
C．cut down late-night Internet and TV
D．Stop late-night internet and TV
小题4:Which of the following phrases is similar in meaning to the underlined phrase in the sixth paragraph?
A．have any connection withB．make a friend with
C．share the opinion withD．in accordance with
If a city wishes to  host the Olympics, it must submit a proposal(提交提案) to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated, the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.
In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia. Because of growing importance television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city’s time zone. Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.
Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee----not the IOC or the NOC of the host city’s country to provide them with money. This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues(收入), and corporate sponsorships(社团赞助), tickets sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many cases there is also direct government support. Although many cities have achieved amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. When the financial gains from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.
小题1:_______will be determined to host the Olympic Games by the IOC.
A. A city that submits a proposal          B. A majority winner in voting
C. A city that has perfect time zone       D. One that hasn’t hosted the Games
小题2: Which of  the following words can be used to replace the word “ selecting” in   paragraph 2?
A．electingB．hopingC．choosingD．thinking
小题3:If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks___.
A．can’t broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours
B．will be forbidden to broadcast live sporting events
C．are willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights
D．will not pay for the Canadian television networks
小题4:According to the last paragraph, which following statement is true?
A．The host city must be left with large debts
B．The city may achieve a lot of money
C．There is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games
D．It is impossible that the host city couldn’t make money
小题5:Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A．How to host Olympic GamesB．Winner or loser
C．Applying for host for OlympicsD．The Olympic Games
Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year—almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.
Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect. They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth—and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.
For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.
小题1:According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because___.
A．they can remain unaffected for long
B．it is unusual to seek care
C．they are too poor
D．there are too many people suffering from the disease
小题2:People suffering from malaria___.
A．have to kill female mosquitoes
B．have ability to defend parasites
C．have their red blood cells infected
D．have sudden fever, followed by chills
小题3:Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
A．Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.
B．Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.
C．Its resistance to global warming.
D．Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that___.
A．no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B．the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C．malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D．nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease
小题5:Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?
A．How can we know one is suffering from malaria?
B．How many people are killed by malaria each year?
C．Why are there so many people suffering from malaria?
D．What has been done to keep people unaffected for long?
There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the _  _ it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can  _ _ people’s health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films __ __ doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to    exercise.  It decreases blood pressure, the heart beat and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter   the body, it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors     pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the     time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish( 减少 ) both stress and pain.
As a      of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by   __ them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects      to those caused by laughter.
小题1:
A．harmB．strengthC．effectD．good
小题2:
A．helpB．improveC．increaseD．damage
小题3:
A．ifB．butC．whileD．since
小题4:
A．mentalB．physicalC．practicalD．medical
小题5:
A．guaranteesB．appliesC．maintainsD．exercises
小题6:
A．overlookedB．producedC．preservedD．ensured
小题7:
A．remainingB．restC．longestD．adequate
小题8:
A．factB．matterC．resultD．sign
小题9:
A．encouragingB．allowingC．assistingD．reminding
小题10:
A．respectfulB．subtleC．adaptableD．similar
People who cannot tell all colors apart are said to be color-blind. Most color-blind people can see yellows and blues, but confuse reds with green. It is very rare for a person to be blind to all colors, but they may see everything in shades of black, white and gray.
It is interesting to point out that many color-blind people don’t even realize that they are color-blind, they don’t know that the colors they are seeing and naming are not the actual colors that people with normal vision can see. This can be dangerous when a color-blind person confuses the red and green of a traffic light.
Color blindness is thought to be inherited（遗传）and although doctors have tested color blindness, there is no cure to treatment for it.
小题1:There are four cards here, and each has two colors. Which card’s colors do you think a color-blind person can tell correctly?
A．Red, GreenB．Green, YellowC．Red, BrownD．Brown, Yellow
小题2:A color-blind person______.
A．always knows how color-blind he is
B．often gives the wrong name of colors
C．see everything as the same color
D．can hardly see something of strong colors
小题3:It’s especially dangerous for a color-blind person to cross a street when_____
A．it is crowded
B．it is a dark night
C．there are no traffic lights at the cross of the streets
D．the traffic light turns red
小题4:A person who is color-blind is believed to have something to do with_____.
A．his old age
B．his poor eyesight
C．his parents or grandparents
D．his living condition
小题5:Up to now, doctors______.
A．have found a way to prevent a person from getting color-blind
B．have found a way to free a person from his color blindness
C．have been able to tell whether a person is color-blind or not
D．have made it quite clear the cause of color blindness
While watching the Olympics the other night, I came across an unbelievable sight．It was not a gold medal, or a world record broken, but a show of courage．
The event was swimming and started with only three men on the blocks．For one reason or another, two of them false started, so they were disqualified．That left only one to complete．It would have been difficult enough, not having anyone to race against, even though the time on the clock is important．
I watched the man dive off the block and knew right away that something was wrong．I'm not an expert swimmer, but I can tell a good dive from a poor one, and this was not exactly medal quality．When he resurfaced, it was evident that the man was not out for gold — his arms were waving in an attempt at freestyle．The crowd started to laugh．Clearly this man was not a medal competitor．
I listened to the crowd begin to laugh at this poor man who was clearly having a hard time．Finally he made his turn to start back．It was pitiful．He made a few desperate strokes and you could tell he was worn out．
But in those few awful strokes, the crowd had changed．
No longer were they laughing, but beginning to cheer．Some even began to stand and shout “Come on, you can do it!” and he did．
A clear minute past the average swimmer, this young man finally finished his race．The crowd went wild．You would have thought that he had won the gold, and he should have．Even though he was recorded one of the slowest times in Olympic history, this man gave more heart than any of the other competitors．
Just a short year ago, he had never even swum, let alone race．His country had been invited to Sydney．
In a competition where athletes remove their silver medals feeling they have somehow been cheated out of gold, or when they act so proudly in front of their competitors, it is nice to watch an underdog．
小题1:From the passage we can learn that the young man ________
A．made his turn to start back pitifully
B．was skillful in freestyle in the game
C．swam faster than the average swimmer
D．was not capable enough to win the medal
小题2:The crowd changed their attitudes because ________
A．they felt sorry for the young man
B．they were moved by the young man
C．they wanted to show their sympathy
D．they meant to please the young man
小题3:According to the passage, “it is nice to watch an underdog” probably means _______．
A．it’s amusing to watch a man with awful swimming skills
B．it’s amazing to watch an ordinary man challenging himself
C．it’s cheerful for athletes to act proudly before their competitors
D．it’s brave enough for some athletes to remove the silver medals
小题4: What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Compete for Gold!
B．Try again!
C．Break a Record!
D．Go for it!
Remember how great exercise was when you were a little kid? Back then，racing around the playground or skipping rope for hours，you weren't thinking fitness，you were thinking entertainment．But in this age of high-tech home equipment and underused(未充分利用的)gym memberships，the simple joy of jumping rope has been forgotten．Rediscovering it will give you a total-body exercise you can find．
Although considered an excellent form of exercise，jumping rope has never gained widespread acceptance because of two fundamental reasons．First，most people recognize jumping rope as an excellent form of cardiovascular (心血管的) exercise，but they also believe that it is simply too difficult．In other words，they don't think they'll be able to continue jumping for the near 20 minutes that it takes to achieve a beneficial physical result．Second, many view it as somewhat boring and too repetitive-not as something fun or enjoyable．
As a matter of fact，jumping rope can be great fun if you find a proper way to practise it．Instead of doing the usual two-foot bounce over and over again，people good at rope-jumping often change their pattern every 10 or 20 jumps．A single bounce，a double bounce，a skip，a knee-up，side swings，as well as a variety of other easy-to-learn free-style rope-jumping．
Now researchers are learning that jumping rope also prepares the brain for learning．It is an exercise allowing both brain hemispheres(半球)to perform in parallel(并行地)to each other．In short，jumping rope can be a life-long activity requiring little equipment，time and space，yet leading to a much healthier life．
小题1:From the first paragraph we learn that_______ ．
A．all people now have more advanced equipment
B．jumping rope has disappeared from people's memories
C．racing around the playground was preferred
D．people now like to have exercise in a gym
小题2:Rope jumping has not spread widely because_______ ．
A．it benefits the cardiovascular system
B．it requires little equipment，time and space
C．it is neither easy nor enjoyable
D．it is considered boring
小题3:The first sentence in the 3rd paragraph implies_____ ．
A．there are many ways to follow
B．the usual way should not be used
C．the easiest way is always the best
D．there is only one proper way to follow
小题4:According to the researchers, jumping rope _____.
A．only prepares the brain for learning.
B．is suitable for students only
C．helps both brain hemispheres work together
D．can be dangerous for old people
小题5:What is the author's attitude towards rope jumping?
A．He is arguing against it.B．He is sitting on the fence of it.
C．He is in favor of it.D．He is not clear about it.

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