[题目]There are two factors (因素) which decide an individual’s intelligence (智商). The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ greatly, some being more capable (有能力) than others. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

【题目】There are two factors (因素) which decide an individual’s intelligence (智商). The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ greatly, some being more capable (有能力) than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual (个体) will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual has less chances environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never arrive at the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in deciding an individual’s intelligence can be shown by the case history of the twins. When they were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in different homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in a separate community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was brought up in the home of well-to-do opportunity to be encouraged intellectually.

This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his twin brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having similar brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

【1】This passage can best be titled .

A. Measuring Your Intelligence

B. Intelligence and Environment

C. The Case of Peter and Mark

D. How the Brain Influences Intelligence

【2】According to the passage, the average IQ is .

A. 85 B. 100

C. 110 D. 125

【3】The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that .

A. human brains differ greatly

B. the brain a person is born with is important in deciding his intelligence

C. environment is important in deciding a person’s intelligence

D. persons having similar brains will have roughly the same intelligence

【4】This passage suggests that an individual’s IQ .

A. can be foretold (预言) at birth

B. stays the same throughout his life

C. can be increased by education

D. is determined by his childhood

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】C

【解析】这篇文章主要讲了智商和环境的关系，尤其说明了智商和受教育程度成正比。

【1】主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual has less chances environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never arrive at the level of intelligence of which he is capable.可知这篇文章主要讲了智商和环境的关系，选B。

【2】计算题。根据Mark’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average可知125-25=100，选B。

【3】推理判断题。根据The importance of environment in deciding an individual’s intelligence can be shown by the case history of the twins.可判断出环境在决定一个人的智力方面起着重要的作用，选C。

【4】推理判断题。双胞胎兄弟Peter与Mark先天智力相同，由于后天环境的因素，Peter没有受教育，而Mark受到了良好的教育。在后来的测试中，Mark的智商远远超过Peter，由此可见，通过教育，可以让一个人的智商提高，选C。

练习册系列答案

But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.

According to US government reports, emissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .

Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling(回收利用) programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .

Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program.” Until we do that, nothing else will change!” say Bruce Anderson.

【1】According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ______.

A. the social movement

B. recycling techniques

C. environmental problems

D. the importance of Earth Day

【2】Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?

A. The grass –roots level

B. The business circle

C. Government officials

D. University professors

【3】 What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?

A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest

B. They have settled their environmental problems

C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.

D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.

【4】What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?

A. Education

B. Planning

C. Green living

D. CO reduction

【语篇导读】作者在本文中把现在的美国环境问题和以前的环境问题进行了比较，尤其是几项数据的对比。说明人们现在的环境保护意识有了很大的提高。其中很重要的一项就是环境教育所起的作用。

【题目】假如你是新华中学的学生李华。上周日，你和你们班同学一起去你市的艺术馆参观了齐白石的作品展。请你据此用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍一下齐白石(出身贫寒，但喜欢画画，并在画画上投入了很多精力，最终成了著名画家，尤以画虾著称于世)及此次活动，并谈谈你的观后感。

注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2．词数100左右。

参考词汇：虾 shrimp

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【题目】Fewer Americans are reading newspapers and more Americans are instead getting their news online, but television remains the leading source of news in the country，according to a survey.

Not surprisingly, younger people tend to get more of their news on the Internet，while older people use traditional media such as television and newspapers, the Pew Research Center's survey on the ways of getting news said. Pew said the results show an increasing change toward getting news online，but that there is now a fairly large group of betteroff people that use both traditional and online sources to get their news. The Pew researchers referred to these people as integrators (整合者), and said they accounted for 23 percent of those surveyed, spending the most time getting news on a typical day.

“Like Net news consumers, integrators are highly educated. However，they are older.” the survey said.

Pew found that the largest group of news consumers — 46 percent of those surveyed — watch television for their news at all times of the day. This group is the oldest，with an average age of 52, with 43 percent unemployed. They are unlikely to own a computer or go online for news.

The group that relies most on the Internet for news is the youngest at a median age of 35. It is also the smallest group，at 13 percent of those surveyed. Fewer than half of them watch television news regularly.

The survey was conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates International. It surveyed 3,615 adults by telephone.

【1】We can find this passage most probably ________.

A. in a textbook

B. in a government report

C. in an advertisement

D. on the Internet

【2】According to the passage, people who like getting news online are ________.

A. younger B. older

C. poorer D. richer

【3】According to the passage, Net consumers and integrators ________.

A. are mostly old people

B. have been welleducated

C. also like reading newspapers

D. must have their own computers

【4】What's the best title for this passage?

A. Advice on how to choose which media to get news.

B. Many people get their daily news on the Internet.

C. TV remains top source of news even as online grows.

D. Differences between the Internet and traditional media.

【题目】There's a lot of discussion these days about fit kids. Being fit is a way of saying a person eats well, gets a lot of physical exercise, and has a healthy weight. If you're fit, your body works well, feels good, and can do all the things you want to do. 【1】

Eat a variety of foods, especially fruit and vegetables.

You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety. If you eat different foods, you're more likely to get the nutrients (养分) your body needs. 【2】

Drink more water and milk most often.

【3】 And there's a reason why your school cafeteria offers milk. Kids need calcium (钙) to grow strong bones, and milk is a great source of this mineral.

Listen to your body.

What does it feel like to be full? When you're eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Sometimes, people eat too much because they don't notice when they need to stop eating. 【4】 Over a period of time, it can lead to unhealthy weight gain.

Be active.

One job you have as a kid — and it's a fun one — is that you get to figure out which activities you like best. Not everyone loves baseball or soccer. Maybe your interest is kickball or dancing. 【5】 Find ways to be active every day.

A. Eat less and take more exercise.

B. When thirsty, you should choose cold water.

C. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.

D. Taste new foods and old ones you haven't tried for a while.

E. Ask your parents to help you find and do your favorite activities.

F. Here are four rules to live by, if you're a kid who wants to keep fit.

G. Going to see the doctors regularly is a good way to keep the diseases away.

【题目】

You’re growing up. That means you’re probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary. 【1】 And it’s good!

Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling. 【2】 But it’s partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.

Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster! 【3】

●Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

●【4】 When you feel your moods swinging or you’re upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

●Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed.【5】 Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you’ll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.

A．Take a time-out.

B．But the truth is, it happens to every teen.

C．Work out regularly to keep physically fit.

D．This changing is needed for your body’s development.

E．It will help you fall asleep—and start the morning right.

F．Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.

G．Usually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.

【题目】People who like travelling have their reasons. They believe that travelling can help them expand their field of view, especially in the geographical and historical sense. They also think that touring will give them more chances to enjoy different kinds of food and experience new things that would never be brought by other activities. But those who dislike travelling also have some reasons.

Travelling, in my opinion, does more good than harm. Most importantly, it broadens our mind. We can get in touch with other civilizations (文明), cultures, customs and ideas.

Through history, most people travelled because of necessity (必要性)-not for pleasure. People travelled just in order to remain alive. They searched for food to eat or places to live in. They sometimes ran away from enemies. This is not to say that no one ever travelled just for the fun of it. In ancient times, for example, rich Romans travelled all the way to Greece to take part in the Olympic Games, and festivals. Of course, some people decided to travel just out of curiosity. They wanted to find out what it looked like beyond the horizon (地平线). Also business travel has been going on for centuries. Traders could not only make money but also learn to speak several languages and be introduced to different cultures.

So, travelling does enrich our mind and draw new ideas to us. There is no doubt that we can get much from it.

【1】According to the passage, in the past most people travelled________.

A. for fun B. for knowledge

C. to get experiences D. to make a living

【2】How many reasons for travelling are mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. Three. B. Four.

C. Five. D. Six.

【3】In the writer’s opinion, travelling can be________.

A. expensive B. funny

C. helpful D. tiring

【4】What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. Different kinds of travelling.

B. Travelling enriches our mind.

C. Ways to enjoy yourself while travelling.

D. The advantages and disadvantages of travelling.

【题目】We face problems in our everyday life.【1】Don’t worry. As long as you are breathing, you can solve problems.

Be aware of problem.

First of all, it is important to know and understand the problem clearly.【2】Following questions like why, what, how, when, where and who will take you to the root cause of the problem.

Analyze the problem.

Analyzing the problem will give you time to think of a proper solution.【3】They can be diagrams, flowcharts or a lists, etc.

Plan a strategy.

Planning a strategy will help you waste less energy and time in attempting all the solutions. This step includes knowing the pros and cons of applying a solution. In this way, you can abandon the strategy that you don’t find worthy to apply.

【4】

Leave out the information that is not required for the solving of the problem. You need to be accurate with the details. Keeping the unrelated information can sometimes complicate the simple problem as we tend to overlook the important information.

Carry out the solution

Putting the solution into effect in a correct way to get the result expected is important while solving a problem. You need to be creative while actualizing a solution just in case some other problem arises while applying the solution. 【5】

A. Delete irrelevant information

B. You can use various tools to study the problem

C. Use yes or no questions to get better information

D. Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself

E. They can be social problems, relationship problems, or problems at work.

F. Spend 10% of the time analyzing the problem and 90% on the solution, not the opposite.

G. Being ready with alternatives is also important in case a solution works only half way.

【题目】Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition — a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.

Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions — tiny globules(小球体) of one, liquid evenly distributed throughout another. The difference lies in what's in the globules and what's in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.

In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture，” he says.

When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments(分隔间) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients(养料). They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products: “In butter, you get a self－limiting system which stops the bacteria growing，” says Brocklehurst.

The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food's structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.

【1】The significance of Brocklehurst's research is that ________.

A. it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives

B. it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter

C. it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter

D. it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition

【2】According to the researchers, cream sours faster than butter because bacteria ________.

A. are more evenly distributed in cream

B. multiply more easily in cream than in butter

C. live on less fat in cream than in butter

D. produce less waste in cream than in butter

【3】The underlined word “colonies” (Line 2, Para 4) refers to ________.

A. tiny globules

B. watery regions

C. bacteria communities

D. little compartments

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