题目内容

Two American scientists told the people in industrial nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of foods eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. 
The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since human first appeared on earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. So they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes（中风） are examples of such diseases. 
Scientists noted that early stone-age people used very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and life today. 
Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than farm animals. They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables, and fruits. They did not use milk and other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of dairy products and grain foods. We eat six times more salt than stone-age people. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C. 
People today probably do not want to live as people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate as those ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet foods. 
小题1:The people in industrial nations would be much healthier if they ate ______. 
A．more foods as humans living 10,000 years ago did
B．as humans living 10,000 years ago ate
C．more kinds of food eaten by people living over 10,000 years ago
D．more of the same kinds of foods eaten by people over 10,000 years ago
小题2:New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ______
A．the human body has changed compared with human first appearing on earth
B．the way we live has changed a little
C．our body can’t deal with the changes in life style
D．the way we live today are improper for the human body
小题3:What is the main cause mentioned in the article why people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses?
A．Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.
B．People today have a lot of alcohol.
C．People today have more tobacco.
D．Food is quite different between life today and life in ancient times.

小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:D

试题分析：本文讲述的是现代人和古代人在生活方式方面的巨大变化也许是人类不健康的主要原因，在文章中作者做了具体的阐述。
小题1:D 细节题。根据文章第一段Two American scientists told the people in industrial nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of foods eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.说明D正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据文章第二段1，2行The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since human first appeared on earth, but the way we live has changed greatly.说明我们的身体没有变化，但是我们的生活方式却发生了巨大的变化，故C项正确。
小题3:D 段落大意题。根据文章第二段内容可知现代人和古代人的生活方式方面的巨大的变化也许就是人类不健康的主要原因，故D项正确。
点评：本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。
练习册系列答案
相关题目
Glaucoma（青光眼）is a major cause of blindness around the world, especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization says glaucoma is a greater public health challenge than cataracts（白内障）, because the blindness caused by the latter can be cured after operations.
Glaucoma is a disease that makes people around the world lose their sight, and they usually don’t even know they have the disease until it has permanently destroyed at least 40 percent of their sight. The process is usually so painless and subtle（不明显的）, so people don't notice it. Actually, the simplest medical test can discover it.
“It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. In Hispanics and in African-Americans, it’s the second leading cause of blindness and so is the case in the Chinese and Indians.” said Dr. Alan Robin, a specialist in treating glaucoma. “The glaucoma we see in sub-Saharan Africa is a much more aggressive blinding disease than the glaucoma we see in Americans or even African- Americans in-the United States.” he said．     ．
Dr. Eric Fleischer also sees these differences at Medstar Washington Hospital Center. “Pretty much anybody who has ancestors in Africa has an increased chance of developing glaucoma.” Age is another thing that may lead to glaucoma, although people of all ages can get it.
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that commonly produce pressure in the eye. An eye is sort of like a watch. And behind the face of the watch, liquid is made. It goes through your pupil（瞳孔）and into the front of the watch between the face and the crystal．There's an area around the edge of the watch that drains（使排出）the liquid. When that drain is blocked, the liquid can't leave the eye as fast as it is produced. The rising pressure within the eye damages and eventually kills the optic（视觉的） nerve. The result is blindness.
Fortunately, if caught early, glaucoma can be controlled. Glaucoma is not curable. But as  researchers worldwide lean more about it, they grow more hopeful that glaucoma can one day be cured or even prevented.
小题1:In which country is glaucoma the biggest danger to people’s sight?
A．In ChinaB．In IndiaC．In the USAD．In Japan
小题2:What do the underlined words “these differences”（in Para 4 ）refer to?
A．The differences in regions（地区）B．The cultural differences
C．The differences in ageD．The physical differences
小题3:From the passage, we can learn that,            .
A．It is hard for medical tests to discover glaucoma
B．People in developed countries hardly develop glaucoma
C．Glaucoma only causes blindness among old people
D．The research on glaucoma is still going on worldwide
D
Parties, iPods, concerts, movies, TV shows, video games, traffic. All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable. But our 21st-century lifestyle is also loud and, if we don’t take notice, it can have an effect on our hearing.
Most teenagers don’t think about hearing loss. But if you experience any of the following symptoms（症状）, you may already be hearing damaged: you make efforts to hear normal talk, you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain, you watch other people’s expressions to understand what they are saying, you ask people to repeat themselves, you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears.
iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear, and just as fashionable. But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of its maximum volume（最大音量）, and listen to music for more than an hour, you are asking for trouble. And, it does not matter if the music you play is classical, rock or heavy metal.
Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss.
Why is an iPod dangerous? With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time, it’s like working in a loud factory all day, being a maintenance（修理）person under a jet airplane or using a jackhammer（手提钻）on a building site.
Similarly, iPod music can cause a short time or permanent（永久的）hearing damage. A loud iPod can cause a ruptured（破裂的）eardrum and, over time, may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear. If these tiny hairs are damaged, they cannot effectively send sounds to the auditory nerves（听觉神经）that connect to the brain. If this happens, hearing loss becomes permanent.
小题1:Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss?
A．You are interested to listen to others’ talking.
B．You have to read others’ expressions to understand them.
C．You can only understand others over the phone.
D．You always think you hear the ringing of the phone.
小题2: Which of the following is TRUE when you listen to music?
A．Listen at least an hour every time.
B．Turn up the volume to the highest level.
C．keep the sound lower than 60% of its highest volume.
D．Choose classical, rock or heavy metal music.
小题3:What is the correct order of causing permanent hearing loss?
a. The eardrum is broken.
b. The auditory nerves cannot receive sounds.
c. Tiny hairs are damaged.
d. Ear buds are placed directly in the ear canal.
e. High-volume music is played over a long time.
A．d-a-c-b-eB．e-c-a-b-dC．b-c-a-d-eD．d-e-a-c-b
小题4:This passage is mainly about      .
A．music that teenagers likeB．hearing problems caused by the loud world
C．ways that teenagers enjoy music D．dangerous modern lifestyles of teenagers.
Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more agile (敏捷的) and independent than their peers over time, according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people.
Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals (抗氧化物) that may help stop the cell damage that can lead to disease. Researchers have been studying green tea’s effect on everything from cholesterol (胆固醇) to the risk of certain cancers, with mixed results so far.
They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”, or problems with daily activities or basic needs, such as dressing or bathing.
Specifically, almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled, compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day.
The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older. Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets, including more fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as more education, lower smoking rates, fewer heart attacks and strokes, and greater mental sharpness. They also tended to be more socially active and have more friends and family to rely on. But even with those factors accounted for, green tea itself was tied to a lower disability risk, the researchers said.
People who drank at least five cups a day were one-third less likely to develop disabilities than those who had less than a cup per day. Those people who averaged three or four cups a day had a 25 percent lower risk.
Although it’s not clear how green tea might offer a buffer (缓冲) against disability, Tomata’s team did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts, they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K, which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固).
小题1:What can be learned from the passage?
A．Antioxidant chemicals can lead to disease.
B．Those who often drank green tea can’t develop “functional disability”.
C．“Functional disability” is related to problems with daily activities or basic needs.
D．People who drank at least five cups a day are not likely to become functionally disabled.
小题2:What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．How the study was proved.B．Why green tea-lovers can keep agile.
C．What healthier diets include.D．How to lower disability risk.
小题3:What have the Researchers discovered?
A．Those who drank green tea can't develop “functional disability”.
B．Green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older.
C．How green tea might offer a buffer against disability.
D．Green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
How Americans Began to Eat Tomatoes
People have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”
President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.
小题1:From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were       .
A．people from other countriesB．from France
C．people of his own countryD．men only
小题2:After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?
A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.
B．Americans didn’t eat tomatoes before 19th century.
C．Even now Americans don’t eat tomatoes.
D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.
小题3:The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes       .
A．while he was in ParisB．when he was a little boy
C．because his parents told him soD．from books
小题4:According to the text, _______ made the beautiful pink soup served at the President’s party?
A．the President himselfB．a French cook
C．the President’s cookD．the President’s wife
（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is your skin that keeps your insides from falling out. It helps you warm up when you are cold, and it can cool you off when you are hot. It lets you feel things by touch.
Like the heart, stomach and brain, your skin is an organ. In fact, it is the largest organ in your body. But it is still easy to take skin for granted.  1  But skin has an important job to do.
Your skin is constantly protecting you.   2  When you take care of your skin, you are helping your skin do its job. And taking care of your skin today will help prevent future problems, like wrinkles(皱纹) and even skin cancer.
3   Keeping your hands clean all the time is especially important because they can spread germs(细菌) to the skin on other parts of your body.
4   Cold or hot water may hurt your skin. Wet your hands, then lather up with a mild  soap (香皂). You should rub everywhere, including the palms, the wrists and the nails. Wash them well, dry thoroughly with a clean towel and you’re done.
You'll also want to use warm water when you take a bath. Use soap to clean your body. Don't forget under your arms and behind your ears! Your face needs attention, especially as you enter puberty(青春期) and the skin on your face gets more oily.  5 
A．One simple way to take care of your skin is to keep it clean.
B．It is a good habit to wash your hands before and after meals.
C．When washing your hands, use water that’s comfortably warm.
D．It keeps infections out of your body and keeps you from getting sick.
E.     Unless there’s a problem, your may not think about your skin very much.
F.     Your skin plays a more important role in keeping you healthy during your puberty.
G.    It’s a good idea to wash your face once or twice daily with warm water and a mild soap.
Which do you think is the best way to keep healthy?
With the development of the society, people no longer worry about where their next meal comes from as they did in the old days. They become more and more concerned about their health problem. Different people come up with different views: eating green food, doing outdoor exercises or going to hospital for medical treatment frequently. As far as I am concerned, the best way to keep healthy is to develop a good quality of psychology(心理).
According to some surveys, nowadays, most patients are not physically sick but mentally(精神上) ill. They feel the burden on their shoulders is much heavier than others, so they can’t step out of the shadow of depression and sadness. They need to release their spirit to the nature.
Besides, if you have developed a good quality of psychology, you’ll become more sociable and thus more willing to play your part in the society. Joining in some keep-fit clubs or attending some travel agency, which by themselves are various versions of physical exercise, will benefit you a lot.
As a poem says, youth is not a period of time; it’s a state of mind. Everybody wants to keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for endless energy and passion for living.
Keep a good quality of mind, or keep a sense of humour, even if you are 80, and you’ll never be old.
小题1:According to the passage, in the old days, what people cared most might be _____.
A．foodB．exercisingC．clothingD．health
小题2:According to the writer, the best way to keep healthy is to _____.
A．have meals regularlyB．do outdoor exercises
C．go to hospital frequentlyD．keep psychological health
小题3:The most probable reason for patients who are mentally ill might be ____.
A．burdenB．depressionC．sadnessD．spirit
小题4:The best way to develop a good quality of psychology might be ____.
A．taking social responsibilityB．exercising in a keep-fit club
C．going on journeysD．taking physical exercise
小题5:The key point to keep young is to _____.
A．keep exercisingB．keep a young heart
C．keep humourousD．keep a proper diet
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we think about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, a pinnacle (顶点) of sheer (纯粹的) delight. And those pinnacles seem to get rarer the older we get.
 1   I remember playing police and robbers in the woods, getting a speaking part in the school play. Of course, kids also experience lows, but their delight at such peaks of pleasure as winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved.
For teenagers, or people under 20 the concept of happiness changes.   2   I can still feel the pain of not being invited to a party that almost everyone else was going to. I also remember the great happiness of being invited at another event to dance with a very handsome young man.
In adulthood the things that bring great joy—birth, love, marriage—also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.   3   For adults, happiness is complex.
 4   But I think a better definition of happiness is “ the ability to enjoy something”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It's easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, even good health.
While happiness may be more complex for us, the solution is the same as ever. Happiness isn't about what happens to us; it’s the ability to find a positive for every negative, and view a difficulty as a challenge.   5  
A．Love may not last; loved ones die.
B．For a child, happiness has a magic quality.
C．Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life.
D．Being happy doesn’t mean that everything is perfect.
E. The dictionary defines “happy” as “lucky” or “ fortunate”.
F. It's not wishing for what we don't have, but enjoying what we do possess.
G. Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement, love, and popularity.
Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential to one's life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.
But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33%—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.
For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups. “The literature,” says one researcher,  Dr Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.”
小题1:The main idea of the passage is that _______.
A．breakfast has nothing to do with people's health
B．a good breakfast used to be important to us
C．breakfast is not as important to us as gasoline to a car
D．breakfast is not as important as we thought before
小题2:For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.
A．several studies have been done in the past few years
B．the omission of breakfast has little effect on one’s work
C．grown-ups have especially made studies in this field
D．eating little in the morning is good for health
小题3:The underlined part “nor does giving people breakfast improve work” means  _______.
A．people without breakfast can improve their work
B．not giving people breakfast improves work
C．having breakfast does not improve work, either
D．people having breakfast do improve their work, too
小题4:The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to _______.
A．stories, poems, play, etc
B．written works on a particular subject
C．newspaper articles
D．the modern literature of America
小题5:What is implied but not stated by the author is that _______.
A．breakfast does not affect work
B．Dr Polite works at an institution of higher learning
C．not eating breakfast might affect the health of children
D．Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网