题目内容
1.One of the strangest features of motherhood is that the vast majority of mothers prefer to cradle their babies in the left arm.Why should this be?The obvious explanation is that the majority of mothers are right handed and they wish to keep their right handed and they wish to keep their right hand free.Unfortunately,this explanation cannot apply,because left-handed mothers also favor their left arm for holding their babies.The precise figures arc 83 percent for right-handed mothers and 73 percent for left-handed mothers.The most likely explanation is that the mother's heart is on the left side and,by holding the baby in her left arm,she is unconsciously bringing her baby closer to the sound of the heart beat.This is the sound the baby heard when it was inside the mother's womb and which is therefore an association with peace,comfort and security.
Tests were carried out in nurseries where some babies were played the recorded sound of a human heart beat,and,sure enough,went to sleep twice as quickly as the others.We also know that the sound of mother's heart is quite audible inside the womb and that the unborn baby has a well-developed hearing.
It is interesting that fathers show less of this left-side bias (偏爱) than mothers,suggesting that the human female is better programmed than her partner for carrying a baby.Alternatively,she may unconsciously adjust her holding behavior to make baby fell more secure.Some new observations on our closest animals'relatives,the chimpanzees and gorillas,have revealed that they too show a strong bias for holding their babies on the left side.The precise figures were 84 percent for chimpanzees and 82percent for gorillas,remarkably close to the human percentages.
Recently a possible additional value in cradling babies on the left side has been suggested.It has been pointed out that,because,the two sides of the brain are concerned with different aspects of behavior,it is possible that the mother,in cradling the baby to her left,is showing the baby her"best side".It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the human face and that she therefore gives the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her.Furthermore,the mother's left eye and ear are more tuned into emotional changes in her baby than her right eye and ear would be.So in addition to the baby's seeing the more expressive parts of its mother,there is further advantage that the mother is herself more sensitive to the left-held baby.This may sound far-fetched,but just possibly,it could provide a slight extra benefit for those mothers displaying the strange one-sided bias when cradling their infants.
How does a bias occur?Do the mothers have an instinctive preference for it,or do they learn it by trial and error,unconsciously adjusting the position of the babies until the babies are calmer?The surprising answer is that it seems to be the baby not the mother who controls the bias.Observation of new born infants when they were only a few hours old revealed that they come into the world with a pre-programmed tendency to turn their head to the right.If the new born baby is gently held in a dead central position and then released,it naturally swings to the right far more often than to the left.This happens in nearly 70percent of babies.This may be only a part of explanation,because the holding bias is 80percent not 70percent,but it adds a further intriguing chapter to the story.
61.How does the author develop Paragraph 1?C
A.By giving an example as a hook.
B.By giving a general statement and narrowing it down.
C.By asking a question and showing an answer.
D.By explaining the importance of understanding a phenomenon.
62.The underlined word"audible"in Paragraph 3meansB.
A.soft
B.clear
C.weak
D.distant
63.What's the main idea of Paragraph 5?D
A.The left side of the human face expresses emotions more strongly than the right.
B.A mother's left eye and ear are more sensitive to the emotional changes in her baby.
C.A baby may be more able to"read"its mother's emotions than was previously believed.
D.Holding her baby in the left arm may improve a mother's emotional communication with it.
64.What is the author's tone when he discusses why most mothers cradle their babies in the left arm?A
A.Cautious.
B.Disapproving.
C.Subjective.
D.Favorable.
分析 文章围绕"为什么大多数母亲喜欢左手抱小孩"这个问题而展开,给出了许多的解释和实验的结果.
解答 61-64 CBDA
61、C 细节理解题.定位到第一段.第一句说明一个现象,并对此提出疑问,然后进而给出解释.符合这种展开方式的只有 C 选项.
62、B 词意猜测题.本段共两句话.前一句讲在婴儿室里面,给一些婴儿播放人类心跳的录音,他们入睡速度是其他婴儿的两倍.后一句又讲到在子宫内未出生的婴儿有着发育健全的听力系统,因此在子宫内,母亲的心跳声对于婴儿来说是很清晰的,因此,正确答案是 B选项.
63、D 细节理解题.定位到第五段.根据"It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the human face and that she therefore give the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her."以及后面"more tuned into emotion changes","seeing more expressive parts","more sensitive"可知,本段重点是在说明母亲左手抱婴儿对他们之间的交流(communication)的促进作用.因此,D 选项为正确答案.A、B、C 选项是个别的 idea,并不是 main idea.
64、A 态度判断题.根据第二段"…most likely explanation…",第五段"…a possible additional value…","It is possible that….","…but just possibly…",第六段"This may be only a part of explanation…",不难发现作者说话语气相对比较谨慎,没有提及"不赞成"或者"赞成",只是叙述已有的实验的解释,未加入个人的主观意思.故答案选A.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
A. | arising | B. | arisen | C. | rising | D. | risen |
A. | will walk | B. | has been walking | ||
C. | walks | D. | is walking |