题目内容

17.With the development of society,the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before.However,every coin has two sides.Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse,according to the statistics.I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy,fatty foods,such as fried chicken and ice cream,at low prices.This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves.If there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight.I agree to this,because good eating habits begin early in life,long before children start to visit fast food shops.If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food,or are always allowed to choose what they eat,they will go for sweet and salty foods every time,and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation.Children these days take very little exercise.They do not walk to school.When they get home,they sit in front of the television or their computers.Not only is this an unhealthy pastime(消遣),it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food.What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem,and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active,as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
50.What is suggested by the author to deal with"overweight"?C
A.Blaming the shops selling unhealthy and fatty foods.
B.Asking young children to walk to school every day.
C.Living an active life and removing bad eating habits.
D.Not watching TV or playing computer games after school.
51.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?B

52.The author writes the passage toC
A.show people a social problem          
B.provide facts for government
C.advise solutions to a problem           
D.compare opinions with people
53.The underlined word"diversified"in the first paragraph most probably meansA
A.various       B.difficult         C.expensive          D.available.

分析 本文是健康类短文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们提出了有关儿童肥胖的问题,并且告诉我们关于儿童肥胖的原因:商店出售不健康的,高脂肪的食物;孩子没有好的饮食习惯;不进行锻炼,并且在最后向我们提出了解决这一问题的方法.

解答 50.C  推理判断题.根据最后一段he above are the main reasons for this problem,and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active,as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.可知作者给出的建议是要过着更为积极的生活而且要把一些不好的饮食习惯改掉.故选C.
51.B  篇章结构题.本文第一段是一个中心段,提出儿童肥胖的问题,在2,3,4段中分别给出一个具体的原因,而在文章最后一段进行了总结提出了解决问题的方法.因此属于总分总的结构,故选B.
52.C  推理判断题,通读全文可知本文中作者首先提出了有关儿童肥胖的问题,2,3,4段分别讲述了其中的一个原因,最后一段进行了总结提出了解决问题的方法,由此可推知作者写本文的目的是对一个问题的解决方法提出的建议,故选C.
53.A  推理判断题.根据第一段With the development of society,the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before可知现在的儿童在食物的选择方面很丰富,同时也带来了很大的问题.由此推知本词所表示的意思是"多种多样的",故选A.

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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20.Simple living doesn't mean that you give up your job and start living in the countryside,but it means that we spend our time,energy and efforts on important things in life.It can be good for us in some ways.
Firstly,simple living can keep your mind peaceful.It makes sure that unnecessary things are out of your life and you concentrate on the real factors that affect the quality of life.Through simple living you can see the positive side of life and won't feel jealous and greedy.
Secondly,simple living can make you have time for your loved ones.Most of us become so busy in our lives that we forget to spend time with our dear ones.People who believe in simple living value the time spent with their loved ones.
Thirdly,simple living is helpful in the improvement of health.By choosing to be simple,you feel less stressed in daily life.Simple living gives you a new view on things and helps you join in creative activities.It allows you to devote some time to recreational activities,physical exercises,etc,which help you in leading a healthy lifestyle.
Fourthly,living simply allow you to have time to look back on the precious moments in your life.It makes you aware of your strengths and weaknesses.People who aimlessly pursue materialistic pleasure are often not sure what they exactly want from life.They never have time to analyze themselves.Simple living helps you stay happy with what life has offered you and helps in creating positivity in your life.
Lastly,reducing your expenses can make sure that you're doing your bit for the protection of the environment.If all of us reduce our daily expenses on electricity,fuels,etc,we'll be able to stop the degradation(恶化) of the environment.
(71)Title:Simple Living/Simple Living's ( Significance/Importance/Meaning/Value)
(72)Advantages/BenefitsSupporting details
Giving you
(73)peace
of mind
◆Making you concentrate on the real factors that affect the quality of life
◆Making you see the positive side of life and avoid bad
(74)feelings like jealousy and greediness
Making you have time for your loved ones◆Making you free to stay with your loved ones
◆Making you (75)value the time spent with your loved ones
Helping you in
(76)improving health
◆Reducing your stress
◆Giving you a new view on things
◆Helping you lead a healthy lifestyle by (77)devoting your time to creative activities like recreational activities,physical exercises,etc
Reminding you of your precious moments in life◆Making you know your (78)strengths and weaknesses
◆Making you know what you exactly want from life
◆Giving you time to analyze yourself
◆Giving you sense of (79)happiness/satisfaction/staying happy/contentment and helping in creating positivity in your life
Helping protect the environment◆(80)Preventing/Stopping/Keeping the environment from becoming bad by reducing the use of electricity,fuels,etc.
8.A glass a day keeps obesity at bay.Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content,but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a   diet.Looking at past studies they found that,while heavy drinkers do put on weight,those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says,"Light to moderate alcohol intake,especially of wine,may be more likely to protect against,rather than promote,weightgain".The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions,particularly that current data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.
Boston University's Dr.Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood.His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病),which relate to increasing obesity.Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat,and that this process could exlain the differences in its effects from those of other foods.They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks,taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one's risk of becoming obese.What's more,a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol,a compound present in grapes and red wine,destroys fat cells.

31.The passage is mainly for thoseD.
A.who produce wine                      
B.who are eager to lose weight
C.whogo on a diet                      
D.who have a drinking habit
32.The underlined phrase"in moderation"in the first paragraph meansA.
A.properly          
B.carefully         
C.excitedly          
D.frequently
33.Why has alcohol been thought to cause weight gain?B
A.Because its calories are stored in fat.
B.Because it is rich in sugar.
C.Because it changes drinking patterns.
D.Because it increases the risk of diabetes.
34.What can we learn from the passage?C
A.The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.
B.Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.
C.The research found moderate drinkng has a strong protective effect.
D.Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.
35.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?B
A.How to do some easy experiments.
B.How to prove the finding mentioned above.
C.How to make wine in a healthy way.
D.How to reduce the calories contained in wine.
5.A hundred years ago on Monday,a once-mighty species became extinct.At the Cincinnati Zoo,a passenger pigeon named Martha died at the age of 29.
It was a quiet end to a noisy species.As recently as the mid-1800s,billions of passenger pigeons swarmed across the eastern half of the United States.But they proved no match for humans,whose rapidly advancing technology drove the birds to extinction in a matter of decades.Other species were also spiraling toward extinction in the late 1800s,but the destruction of the passenger pigeon happened on full public display."It became the icon (标志) of extinction."
A hundred years later,the passenger pigeon remains iconic.In 2012,a group of scientists launched a project now named the Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback to create cloned passenger pigeons-or at least birds genetically engineered to have passenger pigeon features.Two years later,project scientists are still hard at work.But they can't say when-or even if-the bird will fly again.
Nor has anyone ever cloned a bird,so every step in the plan will take the project scientists into unknown scientific territory to give rise to a passenger pigeon.Extracting an undamaged passenger pigeon gene from museum specimens (样本) seems impossible.Novak and his colleagues are hoping to reconstruct the gene of the band-tailed pigeons,the closest living relatives of passenger pigeons,which live in the western United States.
Even if the scientists end up with some passenger pigeon chicks in a few years,they will still be a long way from successfully reestablishing the species.However,people today can learn many lessons in its disappearance and apply it to protecting threatened species today

28.The underlined word"spiraling"in the second paragraph meansB.
A.circling at a lower speed                  
B.declining sharply
B.marching forward fast                    
D.increasing gradually
29.The project Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback is intended toD.
A,reintroduce passenger pigeons to America
B.experiment with cloning technology
C.protect the endangered band-tailed pigeons
D.recreate an extinct bird species
30.Which of the following are the difficulties of carrying out the project?C
a.They couldn't find an undamaged gene of the species.
b.Cloning a bird is a completely new thing.
c.The museum refused to provide the sample of the bird.
d.They can't get the closest relative of the passenger pigeon.
e.There is no previous experience to rely on.
A.a,b,c       
B.b,c,d        
C.a,b,e          
D.c,d,e
31.What does the author think of the efforts the scientists are making?A
A.It is well worth having such a try.
B.They can hardly achieve their goal.
C.They are only steps away from success.
D.It is meaningless for the species protection.
12.Jealousy (嫉妒) is a horrible feeling that weeds its way into your life and relationships before you know it.You might want something someone else has,or feel like they're happier than you.It might seem like an uncontrollable emotion,but it's truly not!
   Remember your big accomplishments.If your coworker gets the promotion you wanted,it doesn't mean you haven't done great work.List out your accomplishments and think about how you got them and what you've done since then.You'll quickly find that you're just as worthy as the person you're envying!
   Appreciate your own good fortune.Think of where you are in your life and how you got there.Did you just buy your first car?Are you able to save one paycheck each month?Are you surrounded by loving family and amazing friends?You have a lot of good things,and you have a lot of good fortune coming your way.Stop letting jealousy eat you alive and realize that you can better spend that energy on furthering your own success and happiness.
    Appreciate that others can do what you can't.How boring would life be if everyone was the same?What if the entire population of your city was applying for your job,and they all had the same qualifications?Appreciate that everyone is different.Some people are better in powerful management positions,while maybe you're better working with people.A friend might be an excellent artist-a quality you're envious of,but don't forget that you're a great musician!Acknowledge that people need to be different,need to be better at various things.

39.Jealousy is an emotion thatB.
A.you feel others do better than you
B.can go into your soul without being noticed
C.positive enough to make yourself do better
D.makes you as worthy as the person you're envying
40.We should appreciate that others can do what you can't,becauseB.
A.you can further your own success and happiness
B.things in the world are various
C.the entire population of your city is applying for your job
D.you're worthless compared to anyone else
41.When will you probably be Jealous of someone?A
A.When your coworker gets the promotion you wanted.
B.When you buy your first car.
C.When you are surrounded by loving family and friends.
D.When your friend become an artist.
42.What is the main idea of the passage?C
A.Jealousy is a bad feeling.
B.Jealousy may influence your life and relationship.
C.What should we do when Jealousy arises?
D.Why we must keep away from Jealousy?
2.In order to increase their job chances after college,Chinese students are turning to a special practice-Eiffel Tower nose jobs (鼻整形术).The latest trend in plastic surgery promises to create a nose that is classic,slim and sloping,similar to the sweeping curve of the Eiffel Tower.
     Surgeon Wang Xuming said:"We are influenced by the beauty of the Eiffel Tower,we are not content to just add something to the nose,we reconstruct it."The surgery costs about US $ 10,000 and involves the enlarging of the nose using tissue from the forehead.
     Hundreds of posters advertising the procedure are put up all over Chongqing city,where surgeon Xuming runs his practice.They show a Westem-Iooking woman with an almost-too-perfect nose,against an outline of the Eiffel Tower.
     Interestingly,many young women in China are eager to achieve a western appearance,as they  believe it will give them an advantage in the highly competitive job market."Some students face a lot of employment pressure after graduation.If their facial features are good,they'II have more chances of finding a job,"said surgeon Xuming."We've had students getting the Eiffel Tower nose; it's helped them a lot."
     Apparently,Chinese employers are quite particular about appearances and prefer attractive candidates.Some of them even go as far as putting height and weight requirements in their employment ads.Plastic surgeons across the country are reporting an increase in the number of students choosing beauty"improvement".
     According  to a Mr.Li,hospital manager at surgeon Xuming's clinic,most of their customers are female and the bill is taken care of by the family."They usually come in with their mothers,and tend to be from well-off backgrounds,"he said.

51.Chinese college students choose to have a nose operation toC.
A.marry well                           
B.look cool
C.have a good job                        
D.look like westerners
52.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A
A.The posters
B.A nose job.
C.The Eiffel Tower
D.A plastic surgery procedure.
53.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 thatD
A.employers are potential customers
B.ads promote the plastic surgery
C.appearance is as important as height and weight
D.attractive appearance seems to increase job chances
54.From what Mr.Li said we can learn thatD
A.most families can't afford the surgeon
B.the number of plastic surgeons is increasing
C.patients can be well looked after at the clinic
D.their customers are usually from wealthy families
55:What's the author's attitude towards Eiffel Tower nose jobs?B
A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Critical.D.Worried.
9.The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread,and thus,maintain ecological balance and protect resources.Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent.To contain forest fires,fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂)that can be dropped from planes and helicopters.To control the spread of a wildfire.firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup,and clean up the fallen leaves,and thus,prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area.Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性),as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进)the growth of seeds of certain plant species.Apart from these,responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent.In fact,we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent,besides causing severe damage to valuable trees.Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor,carbon dioxide,etc),and therefore increase pollution and global warming.However,they are also an important part of the ecosystem,and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction.But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem,which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires•

61.What may be the best title for this passage?A
A.Control and Prevention of Forest Fires
B.How to Keep Ecological Balance
C.Effects of Forest Fires
D.Methods of Fire Spread Control
62.Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order toD.
A.keep close monitoring of forest fires
B.prevent the forest fire from occurring
C.protect the animals there
D.stop the wildfire from spreading
63.The government arranges some controlled burns toC.
A.burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B.help keep ecological balance of nature
C.reduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spread
D.provide reasonable conditions for some plants'growth
64.A controlled forest fire may play a positive role becauseB.
A.a new forest will appear soon
B.it promotes the development of some seeds
C.nature keeps its balance only by wildfires
D.it makes the trees grow faster than before
65.The last paragraph tells us thatB.
A.the greenhouse gases are caused mainly by wildfires
B.wildfires have both positive and negative effects
C.people should be aware of the necessity of wildfires
D.all the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires.
6.A man was charged with first••degree murder of a 79.-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death.In an attempt to escape after a bank robbery,the 20.year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the  home of Mary Parnell.Police say he didn't touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terror.Can the guy be held responsible for the woman's death?Prosecutors(公诉人) said that he can under the state's murder rule,which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person's death while committing or fleeing from a felony crime like robbery---even if he or she doesn't kill someone on purpose.
But,medically speaking,can someone actually be frightened to death?
Absolutely,no question about it.
The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response(战或逃反应),which was originally described by Walter Cannon,the chairman of Harvard University's physiology department from 1906to 1942.If,in the wild,an animal is faced with a life.threatening situation.the autonomic nerve system responds by increasing heart rate,increasing blood flow to the muscles,and slowing digestion,among other things.All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast.This process certainly would be of help to ancient humans.However,in the modem world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response.
The autonomic nerve system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response.This chemical is toxic(有毒的1in large amounts;it damages the organs such as the heart,lungs,liver and kidneys.It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death.Kidney failure,liver failure,those things don't kill you suddenly.
By the way,any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result.There are people who have died in strong emotions.There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one,turned to his partner and said,"I can die now"一and then he dropped dead.For about seven days after the 9-11terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon.there was an increase of sudden cardiac death among New Yorkers.

31.Why was the man charged?B
A.Because he was trying to kill an old woman.
B.Because he caused an old woman's terror and she died.
C.Because he beat an old woman and caused her heart attack.
D.Because he murdered an old woman while robbing a bank.
32.The underlined word felony in Para.1most probably meansB.
A.new    B.severe    C.deadly   D.organized
33.Which of the following about the fight-or-flight response is true?C
A.The fight-or-flight response was not raised or proved yet.
B.It is a natural protective method that can only be found in humans.
C.The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modem ones.
D.The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs.
34.What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs?D
A.Winning a big lottery.    B.Missing a dead family.
C.Watching a horror movie.  D.Listening to a sweet song.
35.The purpose of the passage isD.
A.to explain why people will die of a heart attack
B.to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure
C.to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death
D.to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death.
19.How Much Exercise Do I Need?
When it comes to exercise,less is not more-but it's certainly better than none.Physical inactivity accounts for as many as 23percent of all deaths from major chronic (慢性的) diseases,yet almost one of every three Americans is sedentary (spending a lot of time sitting down).According to the Centers for Disease Control,29.4percent of those surveyed (调查) report they have no free-time physical activity at all.City people tend to be more active than country folks,with 27.4percent saying they are sedentary,compared with 36.6percent of those in rural areas.
Light activity can improve physical and mental well-being.While light activity is good,moderate (not very large or very small) activity is even better,and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30minutes a day of moderate physical activity.But you don't have to head to a gym.As recent studies have confirmed,"lifestyle"activities,such as walking,house cleaning and gardening,are as effective as a structured exercise program in improving heart function,lowering blood pressure and keeping or losing weight.
In one study,overweight,sedentary middle-aged men and women who learned behavioral skills to make them more physically active,such as walking around airports or train stations while waiting for a departure,reduced their body fat percentage and improved their blood pressure and heart function as much as individuals participating in structured programs at a fitness center.In another study,fat women ranging in age from 21to 60who adopted a more active lifestyle lost as much weight as women in a low-impact aerobics (有氧健身) program-and regained fewer pounds in the following year.
Recognizing the value of different levels and types of activity,the American College of Sports Medicine has changed its recommendations on quantity and quality of exercise to include flexibility as well as aerobic and muscle exercise and to acknowledge that multiple short periods of exercise during the day are nearly as beneficial as one long session.

63.By saying that almost one third of Americans are sedentary,the author meansD.
A.they take proper exercise to be healthy
B.they know nothing about light activity
C.they are very fond of physical activity
D.they take little free-time physical activity
64.We can learn from the passage thatD.
A.light activity is especially good for the middle-aged people
B.people like light activity because it won't make them feel tired
C.people only need to do light activity three times a week to keep fit
D.light activity promotes people's well-being physically and mentally
65.What do health experts suggest about moderate activity?A
A.No less than half an hour's moderate activity daily can do us good.
B.Moderate activity is no better than light activity to people.
C."Lifestyle"activities don't belong to moderate activity.
D.People may go to the gym to take moderate activity.
66.According to the passage,which of the following belongs to a structured exercise program?A
A.Doing gymnastics at a gym. B.Taking outdoor activities.
C.Walking.                   D.Gardening.

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