题目内容
设
,
.
(1)请写出
的表达式(不需证明);
(2)求
的极小值;
(3)设
的最大值为
,
的最小值为
,求
的最小值.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627436638.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236274361780.png)
(1)请写出
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
(2)求
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
(3)设
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236274831191.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627498283.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627529299.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627545393.png)
(1)
;(2)
;(3)
.
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236275611066.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627576858.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627592337.png)
试题分析: (1)依次求出
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627607732.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627607783.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627623769.png)
由此便可猜测出
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236275611066.png)
(2)要求
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627685860.png)
由
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627717620.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627732611.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
(3)配方法可以求出
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627748924.png)
由(2)得:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627763921.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627779900.png)
问题转化为求
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627795832.png)
法一、构造函数,通过求导来求它的最小值;法二、通过研究这个数列的单调性来求它的最小值.
试题解析:(1)根据
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627607732.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627607783.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627623769.png)
猜测出
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236275611066.png)
(2)求导得:
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627685860.png)
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627919575.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627717620.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627951567.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627732611.png)
所以,当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627982555.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627451499.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627576858.png)
即
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628044951.png)
(3)将
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236280441165.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236280601043.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627748924.png)
又因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627763921.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627779900.png)
问题转化为求
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627795832.png)
解法1(构造函数):
令
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236281691081.png)
则
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628185964.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628200492.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628216544.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628231889.png)
又因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628263718.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628278813.png)
所以存在
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628294648.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628309633.png)
又有
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628325512.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628216544.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628341501.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628356641.png)
当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628387404.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628403651.png)
即
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628419484.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628434569.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628450511.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628465810.png)
又由于
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628481596.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628497669.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628528677.png)
所以当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628543396.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628559391.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627592337.png)
解法2(利用数列的单调性):
因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236285751000.png)
当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628590425.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236286061072.png)
所以
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/201408240236286211101.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628637459.png)
又因为
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628637922.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628653495.png)
所以当
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628668395.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023627545393.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824023628699312.png)
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/images/loading.gif)
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