题目内容

19.已知$\overrightarrow{n}$=(a,b),向量$\overrightarrow{n}$与$\overrightarrow{m}$垂直,且|$\overrightarrow{m}$|=|$\overrightarrow{n}$|,则$\overrightarrow{m}$的坐标为$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=b}\\{y=-a}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-b}\\{y=a}\end{array}\right.$.

分析 设向量坐标,由题意可得方程组,解方程组可得.

解答 解:设$\overrightarrow{m}$=(x,y),
∵$\overrightarrow{n}$=(a,b),向量$\overrightarrow{n}$与$\overrightarrow{m}$垂直,且|$\overrightarrow{m}$|=|$\overrightarrow{n}$|,
∴$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{\overrightarrow{a}•\overrightarrow{b}=ax+by=0}\\{{a}^{2}+{b}^{2}={x}^{2}+{y}^{2}}\end{array}\right.$,解得$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=b}\\{y=-a}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-b}\\{y=a}\end{array}\right.$
故答案为:$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=b}\\{y=-a}\end{array}\right.$或$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{x=-b}\\{y=a}\end{array}\right.$

点评 本题考查平面向量的数量积和垂直关系,涉及向量的垂直关系和模长公式,属基础题.

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