ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿´óÆøÖÐCO2º¬Á¿µÄÔö¼Ó»á¼Ó¾çÎÂÊÒЧӦ£¬Îª¼õÉÙÆäÅÅ·Å£¬Ð轫¹¤ÒµÉú²úÖвúÉúµÄCO2·ÖÀë³öÀ´½øÐд¢´æºÍÀûÓá£
£¨1£©CO2ÓëNH3·´Ó¦¿ÉºÏ³É»¯·ÊÄòËØ[»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªCO(NH2)2]¡£
ÒÑÖª£º
¢Ù2NH3(g)£«CO2(g)=NH2CO2NH4(s) ¦¤H=£159.5kJ/mol
¢ÚNH2CO2NH4(s)=CO(NH2)2(s)£«H2O(g) ¦¤H=£«116.5kJ/mol
¢ÛH2O(l)=H2O(g) ¦¤H=£«44.0kJ/mol
д³öCO2ÓëNH3ºÏ³ÉÄòËغÍҺ̬ˮµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£º______________¡£
£¨2£©CO2ÓëH2Ò²¿ÉÓÃÓںϳɼ״¼£ºCO2(g)+3H2(g)CH3OH(g)+H2O(g)¡£ÔÚÌå»ý¿É±äµÄºãѹÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖÐѹǿΪPʱ£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦ÔÚ²»Í¬Î¶ȡ¢²»Í¬Í¶ÁϱÈʱ£¬´ïƽºâʱCO2µÄת»¯ÂÊÈçͼһËùʾ¡£
ͼһ ͼ¶þ ͼÈý
¢Ù¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄS 0£¬H 0£¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£¼¡±£©¡£
¢Ú700Kʱ£¬ÓÃƽºâ·Öѹ´úÌæƽºâŨ¶È±íʾµÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýKP= ¡£
¢ÛÈôζȲ»±ä£¬¼õС·´Ó¦ÎïͶÁϱÈ[n(H2)/n(CO2)]£¬KÖµ £¨Ìî¡°Ôö´ó¡±¡¢¡°¼õС¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©¡£
¢Ü700KͶÁϱÈ[n(H2)/n(CO2)] = 2ʱ£¬´ïƽºâʱH2µÄת»¯ÂÊΪ ¡£
£¨3£©ÀûÓÃÌ«ÑôÄܺÍȱÌúÑõ»¯Îï[ÈçFe0.9O]¿É½«¸»¼¯µ½µÄÁ®¼ÛCO2ÈȽâΪ̼ºÍÑõÆø£¬ÊµÏÖCO2ÔÙ×ÊÔ´»¯£¬×ª»¯¹ý³ÌÈçͼ¶þËùʾ£¬ÈôÓÃ1molȱÌúÑõ»¯Îï[Fe0.9O]Óë×ãÁ¿CO2ÍêÈ«·´Ó¦¿ÉÉú³É molC(̼)¡£
£¨4£©ÒÔTiO2/Cu2Al2O4Ϊ´ß»¯¼Á£¬¿ÉÒÔ½«CO2ºÍCH4Ö±½Óת»¯³ÉÒÒËá¡£ÔÚ²»Í¬Î¶ÈÏ´߻¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§ÂÊÓëÒÒËáµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂʵĹØϵ¼ûͼÈý¡£ÈçºÎ½âÊÍͼÖÐ250-400¡æʱζÈÉý¸ßÓëÒÒËáµÄÉú³ÉËÙÂʱ仯µÄ¹Øϵ£¿ ¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿
£¨1£©2NH3(g)+CO2(g)=CO(NH2)2(s)+H2O(l) ¦¤H£½¨C87.0kJ/mol£¨2·Ö£©
£¨2£©¢Ù£¼£¨1·Ö£© £¼£¨1·Ö£©
¢Ú£¨2·Ö£©
¢Û²»±ä£¨2·Ö£©
¢Ü45%£¨2·Ö£©
£¨3£©0.1£¨2·Ö£©
£¨4£©ÔÚ250-300¡æ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§ÂʽµµÍ£¬µ¼Ö·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÒ²½µµÍ£»¶øÔÚ300-400¡æʱ£¬´ß»¯Ð§ÂʵÍÇұ仯³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬µ«·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔö¼Ó½ÏÃ÷ÏÔ£¬Òò´Ë¸Ã¹ý³ÌÖÐζÈÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¨2·Ö£©
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º
£¨1£©ÒÑÖª£º¢Ù2NH3(g)£«CO2(g)=NH2CO2NH4(s) ¦¤H=£159.5 kJ/mol
¢ÚNH2CO2NH4(s)=CO(NH2)2(s)£«H2O(g) ¦¤H=£«116.5 kJ/mol
¢ÛH2O(l)=H2O(g) ¦¤H=£«44.0 kJ/mol
Ôò¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ¿ÉÖª¢Ù+¢Ú£¢Û¼´µÃµ½CO2ÓëNH3ºÏ³ÉÄòËغÍҺ̬ˮµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ2NH3(g)+CO2(g)=CO(NH2)2(s)+H2O(l) ¦¤H£½¨C87.0 kJ/mol¡£
£¨2£©¢Ù·´Ó¦CO2(g)+3H2(g)CH3OH(g)+H2O(g) µÄÆøÌåϵÊýÔÚ¼õС£¬ËùÒÔS£¼0£»ÓÉͼһ¿ÉÖª£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß£¬CO2µÄת»¯ÂÊԽС£¬ËµÃ÷ζÈÉý¸ß£¬Æ½ºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬ËùÒԸ÷´Ó¦µÄH£¼0¡£
¢Ú700Kʱ£¬ÓÃƽºâ·Öѹ´úÌæƽºâŨ¶È±íʾµÄ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýKP=¡£
¢ÛKÖ»ÓëζÈÓйأ¬Î¶Ȳ»±ä£¬KÖµ²»±ä¡£
¢Ü700KͶÁϱÈ[n(H2)/n(CO2)] = 2ʱ£¬Éè¼ÓÈëµÄH2Ϊ2mol£¬CO2Ϊ1mol ¡£´ËʱCO2µÄת»¯ÂÊΪ30%£¬ÏûºÄH2Ϊ0.9mol£¬ÔòƽºâʱH2µÄת»¯ÂÊΪ45%¡£
£¨3£©ÒÀ¾ÝͼʾµÃµ½»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£ºFe0.9O+0.1CO2=xC+0.3Fe3O4£¬ÒÀ¾Ý̼Ô×ÓÊغãµÃµ½x=0.1¡£
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝͼÏñ£¬ÔÚ250-300¡æ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§ÂʽµµÍ£¬µ¼Ö·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÒ²½µµÍ£»¶øÔÚ300-400¡æʱ£¬´ß»¯Ð§ÂʵÍÇұ仯³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬µ«·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔö¼Ó½ÏÃ÷ÏÔ£¬¿ÉÄÜÊǸùý³ÌÖÐζÈÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÔÚ250-300¡æ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬´ß»¯¼ÁÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬ÒòΪ´ß»¯¼ÁµÄ´ß»¯Ð§ÂʽµµÍ£¬µ¼Ö·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÒ²½µµÍ£»¶øÔÚ300-400¡æʱ£¬´ß»¯Ð§ÂʵÍÇұ仯³Ì¶È½ÏС£¬µ«·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔö¼Ó½ÏÃ÷ÏÔ£¬¸Ã¹ý³ÌÖÐζÈÊÇÓ°ÏìËÙÂʵÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÔ½´ó¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ïò¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±ûÈý¸öÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖгäÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄAºÍB£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦£ºxA(g)+B(g)2C(g)¡£¸÷ÈÝÆ÷µÄ·´Ó¦Î¶ȡ¢·´Ó¦ÎïÆðʼÁ¿£¬·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐCµÄŨ¶ÈËæʱ¼ä±ä»¯¹Øϵ·Ö±ðÒÔÏÂͼºÍϱí±íʾ¡£
ÈÝÆ÷ | ¼× | ÒÒ | ±û |
ÈÝ»ý | 1L | 1L | 2L |
ζÈ/¡æ | T1 | T2 | T2 |
·´Ó¦Îï ÆðʼÁ¿ | 1molA 2molB | 1molA 2molB | 4molA 8molB |
ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A. ÓÉͼ¿ÉÖªT1<T2£¬ÇҸ÷´Ó¦ÎªÎüÈÈ·´Ó¦
B. Ç°10minÄڼס¢ÒÒ¡¢±ûÈý¸öÈÝÆ÷Öз´Ó¦µÄƽ¾ùËÙÂÊ:v(A)ÒÒ<v(A)¼×< v(A)±û
C. ƽºâʱAµÄת»¯ÂÊa£ºaÒÒ<a¼×<a±û
D. T1ʱ¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄƽºâ³£ÊýK=7.2