ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿´¿¼î¹¤ÒµÊ¼ÓÚ 18 ÊÀ¼ÍÄ©£¬ÖÁ½ñÒÑÓÐÁ½°Ù¶àÄê¡£ÔÚ´¿¼î¹¤ÒµÊ·ÉÏ£¬±ÈÀûʱÈËË÷¶ûά£¬ÖйúÈ˺îµÂ°ñµÈ¶¼×÷³öÁËÍ»³öµÄ¹±Ïס£¾Ý´ËÍê³ÉÏÂÃæСÌâ¡£
¡¾1¡¿ÏÂͼÊÇ1861ÄêË÷¶ûά·¢Ã÷µÄÖƼÖÐÎïÖÊת»¯¹Øϵͼ£¬ÆäÖÐI~IV´ú±íËĸöÖ÷Òª»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦£¬a~i´ú±í³ýH2OÒÔÍⲻͬµÄÎïÖÊ¡£Èô²»¼ÆÆäËûËðºÄ£¬£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A.Ë®ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÎïÖÊÖ»ÓÐe¡¢g¡¢h
B.Ë®ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔµÄÎïÖÊÖ»ÓÐc¡¢f¡¢i
C.ÿÏûºÄ1mol a£¬Í¬Ê±ÏûºÄ0.5mol b
D.ÿÏûºÄ1mol h£¬Í¬Ê±ÏûºÄ0.5mol i
¡¾2¡¿´ÓĸҺÖÐÎö³öµÄNaHCO3Öк¬ÓÐNH4Cl£¬ÐèÏ´µÓºóÔÙ½øÐÐ×ÆÉÕ¡£ÈôÊ¡ÂÔÏ´µÓ²Ù×÷£¬Ôò×îÖÕ¶ÔËùµÃ´¿¼î´¿¶ÈÓ°ÏìÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A.ÎÞÃ÷ÏÔÓ°ÏìB.NH4ClÔÓÖʺ¬Á¿ÉÏÉý
C.NaClÔÓÖʺ¬Á¿ÉÏÉýD.NaOHÔÓÖʺ¬Á¿ÉÏÉý
¡¾3¡¿»¯¹¤×¨¼ÒºîµÂ°ñ·¢Ã÷µÄ"ºîÊÏÖƼ"´ó´óÍƽøÁË´¿¼î¹¤ÒµµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬Æä×îÖØÒª¹±Ï×ÊÇ£¨ £©
A.ÕÒµ½ÁËÐÂÐ͸ßЧµÄ´ß»¯¼ÁB.³ä·ÖÀûÓÃÁËÄÜÁ¿
C.Ìá¸ßÁË´¿¼î²úÆ·µÄ´¿¶ÈD.ÌáÉýÁËNa+µÄÀûÓÃÂÊ
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿
¡¾1¡¿C
¡¾2¡¿C
¡¾3¡¿D
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
¡¾1¡¿°±¼î·¨ÒÔʳÑÎ(ÂÈ»¯ÄÆ)¡¢Ê¯»Òʯ(¾ìÑÉÕÉú³ÉÉúʯ»ÒºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼)¡¢°±ÆøΪÔÁÏÀ´ÖÆÈ¡´¿¼î£»ÏÈʹ°±ÆøͨÈë±¥ºÍʳÑÎË®Öжø³É°±ÑÎË®£¬ÔÙͨÈë¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼Éú³ÉÈܽâ¶È½ÏСµÄ̼ËáÇâÄƳÁµíºÍÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒº£¬½«¾¹ýÂË¡¢Ï´µÓµÃµ½µÄNaHCO3΢С¾§ÌåÔÙ¼ÓÈÈìÑÉÕÖƵô¿¼î²úÆ·£¬·Å³öµÄ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌå¿É»ØÊÕÑ»·Ê¹Ó㬺¬ÓÐÂÈ»¯ï§µÄÂËÒºÓëʯ»ÒÈé[Ca(OH)2]»ìºÏ¼ÓÈÈ£¬Ëù·Å³öµÄ°±Æø¿É»ØÊÕÑ»·Ê¹Óã»ÓÉÎïÖÊת»¯¹Øϵͼ¿ÉÖªaΪNaCl£¬bΪCaCO3£¬cΪCO2£¬dΪNaHCO3£¬eΪNH3£¬fΪNH4Cl£¬gΪCaO£¬hΪNa2CO3£¬iΪCaCl2£»
A£®Ë®ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÎïÖÊÓÐNaHCO3¡¢NH3¡¢CaO¡¢Na2CO3£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®Ë®ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔµÄÎïÖÊÓÐCO2¡¢NH4Cl£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®ÓÉNa2CO3ÖÐÔªËØÊغã¿ÉÖª£¬n(Na)=2n(C)£¬¶øn(NaCl)=n(Na)£¬n(C)=n(CaCO3)£¬¿ÉµÃn(NaCl)=2 n(CaCO3)£¬ÔòÿÏûºÄ1molNaCl£¬Í¬Ê±ÏûºÄ0.5mol CaCO3£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
D£®ÓÉÎïÖÊת»¯¹Øϵͼ¿ÉÖªhºÍ i¶¼ÊÇÉú³ÉÎûÓб»ÏûºÄ£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Ñ¡C¡£
¡¾2¡¿´ÓĸҺÖÐÎö³öµÄNaHCO3Öк¬ÓÐNH4Cl£¬ÈôÊ¡ÂÔÏ´µÓ²Ù×÷£¬NH4ClË®½â²úÉúµÄHCl»áºÍNaHCO3·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNaCl£¬Ê¹NaClÔÓÖʺ¬Á¿ÉÏÉý£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Ñ¡C¡£
¡¾3¡¿¡°ºîÊÏÖƼ¡±Ïà±ÈÓÚ°±¼î·¨£¬ÂÈ»¯ÄÆÀûÓÃÂÊ´Ó70%Ìá¸ßµ½90%ÒÔÉÏ£¬ËùÒÔÆä×îÖØÒª¹±Ï×ÊÇÌáÉýÁËNa+µÄÀûÓÃÂÊ£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Ñ¡D¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Ä³´¿¼îÑùÆ·Öк¬ÓÐÉÙÁ¿ÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÏÖÓû²â¶¨Æä̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Éè¼ÆÈçÏÂʵÑé·½°¸£º
£¨·½°¸1£©³ÆÈ¡Ò»¶¨ÖÊÁ¿µÄ´¿¼îÑùÆ·£¨ÒÑ֪׶ÐÎÆ¿ºÍÁòËáÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿190.720 g£©£¬ÀûÓÃ×óͼװÖòⶨ´¿¼îÑùÆ·µÄ´¿¶È£¬Ã¿¸ôÏàͬʱ¼ä¶ÁµÃµç×ÓÌìƽµÄÊý¾ÝÈç±í£º
¶ÁÊý´ÎÊý | ÖÊÁ¿£¨g£© | |
׶ÐÎÆ¿+ÁòËá+ÊÔÑù | µÚ1´Î | 192.955 |
µÚ2´Î | 192.764 | |
µÚ3´Î | 192.328 | |
µÚ4´Î | 192.075 | |
µÚ5´Î | 192.075 |
£¨1£©¼ÆËã´¿¼îÑùÆ·µÄ´¿¶Èʱ£¬±ØÐèµÄÊý¾ÝÊÇ_____________________________£¨Ìî¾ßÌåÊý¾Ý£©¡£²»±Ø×÷µÚ6´Î¶ÁÊýµÄÔÒòÊÇ________________________________________________¡£
£¨2£©¼ÆËã´¿¼îÑùÆ·µÄ´¿¶ÈΪ_________________________£¨±£ÁôСÊýºóÁ½Î»£©¡£
£¨·½°¸2£©²â¶¨ÉÏÊöÑùÆ·£¨1.15 g£©ÖУ¬Na2CO3ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄÁíÒ»ÖÖ·½°¸£¬Æä²Ù×÷Á÷³ÌÈçÏ£º
£¨1£©ÈÜҺתÒÆÖÁ__________£¨ÌîдÒÇÆ÷Ãû³Æ£©£¬²Ù×÷IIµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ______________¡£
£¨2£©ÐèÖ±½Ó²â¶¨µÄÎïÀíÁ¿ÊÇ____________________¡£
£¨3£©²â¶¨¹ý³ÌÖÐÐèÒªµÄÒÇÆ÷Óеç×ÓÌìƽ£®Õô·¢Ã󡢾ƾ«µÆ¡¢»¹ÐèÒª__________¡¢__________£¨¹Ì¶¨¡¢¼Ð³ÖÒÇÆ÷³ýÍ⣩¡£
£¨4£©ÔÚתÒÆÈÜҺʱ£¬ÈçÈÜҺתÒƲ»ÍêÈ«£¬ÔòNa2CO3ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄ²â¶¨½á¹û__________£¨ÌƫС¡±¡¢¡°Æ«´ó¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©
£¨·½°¸3£©ÊµÑé×°ÖÃÈçͼ£º
ʵÑé²½Ö裺
¢ÙÈçͼÁ¬½Ó×°Öò¢¼ÓÈëËùÐèÒ©Æ·¡£
¢Ú³ÆÁ¿²¢¼Ç¼EµÄÖÊÁ¿m1£¨³ÆÁ¿Ê±×¢Òâ·â±ÕEµÄÁ½¶Ë£©¡£
¢Û°´¶¯¹ÄÆøÇò£¬³ÖÐøÔ¼1·ÖÖÓ¡£
¢ÜÁ¬½ÓÉÏE¡£
¢Ý´ò¿ª·ÖҺ©¶·BµÄ»îÈû£¬½«Ï¡ÁòËá¿ìËÙ¼ÓÈëCÖк󣬹رջîÈû¡£
¢Þ°´¶¯¹ÄÆøÇò£¬³ÖÐøÔ¼1·ÖÖÓ¡£
¢ß³ÆÁ¿²¢¼Ç¼EµÄÖÊÁ¿m2£¨³ÆÁ¿Ê±×¢Òâ·â±ÕEµÄÁ½¶Ë¼°DÓҶ˵ijö¿Ú£©¡£
¢àÖظ´²½Öè¢ÞºÍ¢ßµÄ²Ù×÷£¬Ö±µ½ÇòÐθÉÔï¹ÜµÄÖÊÁ¿»ù±¾²»±ä£¬¼ÇΪm3¡£
¢á¼ÆËã¡£
ÇëÌî¿ÕºÍ»Ø´ðÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©CÖз¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£º______________________________________¡£BÒÇÆ÷µÄÃû³ÆΪ__________¡£Èç¹û½«·ÖҺ©¶·ÖеÄÁòËá»»³ÉŨ¶ÈÏàͬµÄÑÎËᣬ²âÊԵĽá¹û½«__________£¨Ìî¡°Æ«¸ß¡±¡¢¡°Æ«µÍ¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©¡£
£¨2£©Å¨ÁòËáµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ_________________£¬ÈôûÓÐD£¬ÔòʵÑé½á¹û__________£¨Ìî¡°Æ«¸ß¡±¡¢¡°Æ«µÍ¡±»ò¡°ÎÞÓ°Ï족£©¡£
£¨3£©²½Öè¢ÛºÍ¢ÞµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ____________________£¬____________________¡£¹ÄÆøÇòµÄËÙ¶ÈÊÇ¿ìËٺ㬻¹ÊÇ»ºÂý¹ÄÈ룿Ϊʲô£¿__________________________________________¡£
£¨4£©E×°ÖõĹÌÌåÊÔ¼ÁΪ__________£¨Ìî±àºÅ£©
A£®¼îʯ»Ò B£®ÎÞË®ÂÈ»¯¸Æ C£®Å¨ÁòËá D£®Éúʯ»Ò>
£¨5£©²½Öè¢àµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ________________________________________________¡£
£¨6£©ÊÔÑùÖд¿¼îÑùÆ·µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¼ÆËãʽΪ_____________________________________¡£
£¨7£©±¾ÊµÑéÉè¼ÆÖÐÈôÓÐÐèÒª¸Ä½øµÄµØ·½£¬ÇëÖ¸³ö¸Ã½øÖ®´¦²¢ËµÃ÷ÔÒò¡£
_______________________________________________________________________¡£
£¨8£©ÊµÑ黹¿ÉÒÔÓÃÆäËü¶¨Á¿ÊµÑé·½·¨²â¶¨ÊÔÑùÖд¿¼îµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬Çë¼òÊöÒ»ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ¶¨Á¿ÊµÑé·½·¨¡£___________________________________________________________ ¡£